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| 1 | Practical strategies for modulating foam cell formation and behavior显示文摘Although high density lipoprotein(HDL)-mediated reverse cholesterol transport is crucial to the prevention and reversal of atheroma, a recent meta-analysis makes evident that current pharmaceutical strategies for modulating HDL cholesterol levels lower cardiovascular risk only to the extent that they concurrently decrease low density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol. This corresponds well with findings of a recent Mendelian randomization analysis, in which genetic polymorphisms associated with HDL cholesterol but no other known cardiovascular risk factors failed to predict risk for myocardial infarction. Although it is still seems appropriate to search for therapies that could improve the efficiency with which HDL particles induce reverse cholesterol transport, targeting HDL cholesterol levels per se with current measures appears to be futile. Itmay therefore be more promising to promote reverse cholesterol transport with agents that directly target foam cells. Macrophage expression of the cholesterol transport proteins adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter A1, adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter G1, and scavenger receptor class B member 1 is transcriptionally up-regulated by activated liver X receptors(LXR), whereas nuclear factor(NF)-kappa B antagonizes their expression. Taurine, which inhibits atherogenesis in rodent studies, has just been discovered to act as a weak agonist for LXRalpha. Conversely, it may be possible to oppose NF-kappa B activation in macrophages with a range of measures. Induction of heme oxygenase-1, which can be attained with phase 2 inducer phytochemicals such as lipoic acid and green tea catechins, promotes reverse cholesterol transport in macrophages and inhibits atherogenesis in rodents, likely due to, in large part, NF-kappa B antagonism. Inhibition of macrophage nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) oxidase activity with the spirulina-derived bilirubin-mimetic phycocyanobilin may also oppose NF-kappa B activation, and salicylic acid similarly should be useful for this purpose. The 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activator berberine promotes macrophage reverse cholesterol transport in cell culture; metformin probably shares this property. Many of these measures could also be expected to promote plaque stability by suppressing foam cell production of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases, and to reduce intimal monocyte infiltration by anti-inflammatory effects on vascular endothelium. Direct targeting of foam cells with agents such as phase 2 inducers, spirulina, salicylate, taurine, and berberine or metformin, may hence have considerable potential for preventing and reversing atheroma, and for preventing the plaque rupture that triggers vascular thrombosis. | Elisabeth Uitz Babak Bahadori Mark F McCarty Mohammed H Moghadasian | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2014，2，10： | 6 |
| 2 | Characteristics of Clostridium difficile infection in patients hospitalized with myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myelogenous leukemia显示文摘AIM To evaluate factors associated with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and outcomes of CDI in the myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) population.METHODS After IRB approval,all MDS/AML patients hospitalized at the University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center between August 2011 and December 2013 were identified.Medical charts were reviewed for demographics,clinical information,development of CDI,complications of CDI,and mortality.Patients with CDI,defined as having a positive stool PCR done for clinical suspicion of CDI,were compared to those without CDI in order to identify predictors of disease.A t-test was used for comparison of continuous variables and chisquare or Fisher's exact tests were used for categorical variables,as appropriate.RESULTS Two hundred and twenty-three patients (60.1% male,mean age 61.3 years,13% MDS,87% AML) had 594 unique hospitalizations during the study period.Thirtyfour patients (15.2%) were diagnosed with CDI.Factors significantly associated with CDI included lower albumin at time of hospitalization (P < 0.0001),prior diagnosis of CDI (P < 0.0001),receipt of cytarabine-based chemotherapy (P = 0.015),total days of neutropenia (P = 0.014),and total days of hospitalization (P = 0.005).Gender (P = 0.10),age (P = 0.77),proton-pump inhibitor use (P = 0.73),receipt of antibiotics (P = 0.66),and receipt of DNA hypomethylating agent-based chemotherapy (P = 0.92) were not significantly associated with CDI.CONCLUSION CDI is common in the MDS/AML population.Factors significantly associated with CDI in this population include low albumin,prior CDI,use of cytarabine-based chemotherapy,and prolonged neutropenia.In this study,we have identified a subset of patients in which prophylaxis studies could be targeted. | Kamini Shah Bryan F Curtin Christopher Chu Daniel Hwang Mark H Flasar Erik von Rosenvinge | 2017 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2017，8，5： | 3 |
| 3 | Bacterial RNA chaperones confer abiotic stress tolerance in plants and improved grain yield in maize under water-limited condition 显示文摘 | Paolo C Dave W Robert J B Don C A Jay H Martin S Mark A Ganesh K Sara S Robert D Santiago N Stephanie B Mary F Jayaprakash T Santanu D Christopher B Michael H L Jacqueline E H | 2008 | Plant Physiology2008，147，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Anisotropic effects on the strain rate dependence of a wrought magnesium alloy 显示文摘 | MATTHEW T T MARK F H PHILLIP M G HAITHAM E K WILBURN R W | 2009 | Scripta Materialia2009，60，： | 1 |
| 5 | The Risk of Catheter-related Bloodstream Infection with Femoral Venous Catheters asCompared to Subclavian and Internal Jugular Venous Catheters: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta- analysis显示文摘 | Marik P E Mark F Wendy H | 2012 | Critical Care Medicine2012，40，8： | 1 |
| 6 | 90Y-oxine-Ethiodol,a potential radiopharmaceutial for the treatment of liver cancer显示文摘 | Yu J F Urs O H Mark S | 2003 | Applied Radiation and Isotopes2003，58，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Precise recording of human eye movements显示文摘 | Collewijn H Van der Mark F | 1975 | Vision Research1975，15，： | 1 |
| 8 | Cellulase for commodity products from cellulosic biomass显示文摘 | Michael E H Mark F R Charles E | 1999 | Current Opinion in Biotechnology1999，10，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Mechanical properties of carbon nanoparticle reinforced elastomers显示文摘 | MARK D F DIANA R WAGNER H D | | 0，，11： | 1 |
| 10 | Efficient MAC in cognitive radio systems:a game-theoretic approach显示文摘 | Mark F Mario C Jean-Pierre H | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 11 | Self- reported hypertension prevalence and income among older adults in Can- ada and the United States显示文摘 | MARKS K NATHALIE H DAVID F | 2010 | Social Science&Medicine2010，，70： | 1 |
| 12 | Using handheld-computers and probeware in a science methods course: Preservice teachers' attitudes and self-efficacy显示文摘 | Issaou R Robert F Mark H | 2006 | Journal of Technology and Teacher Education2006，14，3： | 1 |
| 13 | A new LDA-based face recognition system which can solve the small sample size problem 显示文摘 | CHEN L F MARK H Y Ko M T | 2000 | Pattern Recognition2000，，33： | 1 |
| 14 | Tissue microarrays emer ging standard for biomarker validation显示文摘 | Saima H Cristiano F Mark B | 2008 | Current Opinion in Biotechnology2008，19，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Fault-tolerant control performance comparison of three and five-phase PMSG for marine current turbine applications显示文摘 | Mark F Ben Elghali S Benbouzid M E H | 2014 | IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy2014，50，11： | 1 |
| 16 | Thermal sensitivity of uncoupling protein expression in polar and temperate fish 显示文摘 | Mark F C Lucassen M Portner H O | 2006 | Comp Biochem Physiol(D)2006，1，： | 1 |
| 17 | Authentic Ped- agogy and Student Performance 显示文摘 | NEWMANN F MARKS H GAMOROAN A | 1996 | American Journal of Ed- ucation1996，，104： | 1 |
| 18 | Multidisciplinary prac- tical guidelines for gastrointestinal access for enteral nutrition and decompression from the Society of Interventional Radiology and American Gastroenterological Association ( AGA ) Institute, with endorsement by Canadian Interventional Radiological Association (CIRA) and Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Socie- ty of Europe(CIRSE) 显示文摘 | MAXIM I MARK H D JOHN C F | 2011 | J Vasc Interv Radiol2011，22，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Pncumatosis in canine gastric dilatation - vol vulus syndrome显示文摘 | ANTHONY J F MARK H S KENNETH J D | 2004 | Vet Radiol Ultra- sound2004，45，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Phylogenetically distinct cellulose synthase genessupport secondary wall thickening in Arabidopsis shoot trichomes and cotton fiber显示文摘 | Betancur L Singh B Rapp R A Wendel J F Marks M D Roberts A W Haigler C H | | 0，，02： | 1 |
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