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| 1 | Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition reduces succinate levels in diabetic mice显示文摘BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes(T1D) is associated with major chronic microvascular complications which contribute significantly to diabetes associated morbidity.The protein primarily responsible for glucose reabsorption in the kidney is sodium glucose co-transporter 2(SGLT2). Presently, SGLT2 inhibitors are widely used in diabetic patients to improve blood glucose levels and prevent cardiovascular and renal complications. Given the broad therapeutic application of SGLT2 inhibitors, we hypothesised that SGLT2 inhibition may exert its protective effects via alterations of the gut microbiome and tested this in a type 1 diabetic mouse model of diabetic retinopathy.AIM To determine whether the treatment with two independent SGLT2 inhibitors affects gut health in a type 1 diabetic mouse model.METHODS The SGLT2 inhibitors empagliflozin or dapagliflozin(25 mg/kg/d) or vehicle dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO) were administered to C57 BL/6 J, Akita, Kimba and Akimba mice at 10 wk of age for 8 wk via their drinking water. Serum samples were collected and the concentration of succinate and the short chain fatty acid(SCFA) butyric acid was measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was performed to determine the concentration of insulin and leptin. Furthermore, the norepinephrine content in kidney tissue was determined using ELISA. Pancreatic tissue was collected and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and analysed using brightfield microscopy.RESULTS Due to the presence of the Akita allele, both Akita and Akimba mice showed a reduction in insulin production compared to C57 BL/6 J and Kimba mice.Furthermore, Akita mice also showed the presence of apoptotic bodies within the pancreatic islets. The acinar cells of Akita and Akimba mice showed swelling which is indicative of acute injury or pancreatitis. After 8 wk of SGLT2 inhibition with dapagliflozin, the intermediate metabolite of gut metabolism known as succinate was significantly reduced in Akimba mice when compared to DMSO treated mice. In addition, empagliflozin resulted in suppression of succinate levels in Akimba mice. The beneficial SCFA known as butyric acid was significantly increased in Akita mice after treatment with dapagliflozin when compared to vehicle treated mice. The norepinephrine content in the kidney was significantly reduced with both dapagliflozin and empagliflozin therapy in Akita mice and was significantly reduced in Akimba mice treated with empagliflozin.In non-diabetic C57 BL/6 J and Kimba mice, serum leptin levels were significantly reduced after dapagliflozin therapy.CONCLUSION The inhibition of SGLT2 reduces the intermediate metabolite succinate, increases SCFA butyric acid levels and reduces norepinephrine content in mouse models of T1 D. Collectively, these improvements may represent an important mechanism underlying the potential benefits of SGLT2 inhibition in T1 D and its complications. | Lakshini Y Herat Natalie C Ward Aaron L Magno Elizabeth P Rakoczy Marcio G Kiuchi Markus P Schlaich Vance B Matthews | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，23： | 3 |
| 2 | Lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction and the origin of cretaceous tholelltic magmatism in northeastern Brazil- Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic evidence显示文摘 | MARIA H B M H MARCIO M P DIOGENES C O | 2006 | Lithos2006，86，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Combined zero-valent iron and fenton processes for the treatment of Brazilian TNT industry wastewater显示文摘 | MARCIO B R FLáVIO T S TERESA C B P | 2009 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2009，165，： | 1 |
| 4 | Near infrared spectroscopic prediction of physical properties of aromaticsrich hydrocarbon mixtures显示文摘 | MARCIO V de REBOUCAS-BENICIO B N | 2001 | Near Infrared Spectrosc2001，，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Longterm follow-up of patients with giant cell tumer of the sacrum treated with selective arterial embolizaion显示文摘 | Lin Patrick P Guzel Volkan B Moura Marcio F | 2002 | Cancer2002，95，： | 1 |
| 6 | Inflammatory and bone-re- lated genes are modulated by aging in human periodontal liga- ment cells 显示文摘 | Bruno B Karina G Marcio Z | 2009 | Cytokine2009，46，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Formulating and optimizing a combustion pathways for oil shale and its semi-coke 显示文摘 | Marco A B Z Henrique M Marcio F M | 2012 | Combustion and Flame2012，159，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Single stage self-oscillating HPF electronic ballast 显示文摘 | Marcio B Mdrcio A C Domingos S L S | 2005 | IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications2005，41，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Physiological features of periodontal regeneration and approaches for periodontal tissue engineering utilizing periodontal ligament cells显示文摘 | Bruno B B Karina G S Marcio Z C | 2007 | J Biosci Bioeng2007，103，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Enhanced anaerobic biodegradation of benzene-toluene-ethylbenzene-xylene-ethanol mixtures in bioaugmented aquifer columns显示文摘 | Marcio L B Da S Pedro J J A | 2004 | Applied & Environmental Microbiology2004，70，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Expression of the cell adhesion molecule CD44 in gastric adenno-carcinomas显示文摘 | Washington K Marcio R Gottfried B | 1994 | Hum pathol1994，25，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Applying stable isotopes to examine food-web structure: an overview of analytical tools 显示文摘 | Craig A L Marcio S A Ross B | 2012 | Biological Reviews2012，87，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Plot size in sugarcane family selection experiments显示文摘 | Marcio H P B Luiz A P Luis C I S | 2001 | Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology2001，1，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Ceramic injection moulding: influence of specimen dimensions and temperature on solvent debinding kinetics 显示文摘 | Ricardo V B O Valdir S Marcio C | 2005 | Journal of Materials Processing Technology2005，160，： | 1 |
| 15 | Determination of isoniazid in human urine using screen-printed carbon electrode modified with poly-L-histidine 显示文摘 | Marcio F Bergamini Daniela P Santos Maria Valnice B Zanoni | 2010 | Sioetectrochemistry2010，77，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Serum 1,3-beta-D-glucan as a noninvasive test to predict histologic activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘BACKGROUND 1,3-beta-D-glucan(BG)is a ubiquitous cell wall component of gut microorganisms.We hypothesized that the serum levels of BG could reflect active intestinal inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.AIM To determine whether the serum BG concentrations correlate with intestinal inflammation.METHODS A prospective observational study was performed in a tertiary referral center,from 2016 to 2019,in which serum BG was determined in 115 patients with Crohn’s disease(CD),51 with ulcerative colitis(UC),and 82 controls using a photometric detection kit.Inflammatory activity was determined by ileocolonoscopy,histopathology,magnetic resonance enterography,and biomarkers,including fecal calprotectin(FC),C-reactive protein,and a panel of cytokines.The ability of BG to detect active vs inactive disease was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.In subgroup analysis,serial BG was used to assess the response to therapeutic interventions.RESULTS The serum BG levels were higher in CD patients than in controls(P=0.0001).The BG levels paralleled the endoscopic activity in CD patients and histologic activity and combined endoscopic and histologic activity in both CD and UC patients.The area under the curve(AUC)in receiver operating characteristic analysis to predict endoscopic activity was 0.694[95%confidence interval(CI):0.60-0.79;P=0.001]in CD,and 0.662(95%CI:0.51-0.81;P=0.066)in UC patients.The AUC in receiver operating characteristic analysis to predict histologic activity was 0.860(95%CI:0.77-0.95;P<0.001)in CD,and 0.786(95%CI:0.57-0.99;P=0.015)in UC patients.The cut-off values of BG for both endoscopic and histologic activity were 60μg/mL in CD,and 40μg/mL in UC patients.Performance analysis showed that the results based on BG of 40 and 60μg/mL were more specific for predicting endoscopic activity(71.8%and 87.2%for CD;and 87.5%and 87.5%for UC,respectively)than FC(53.3%and 66.7%for CD;and 20%and 80%for UC,respectively);and also histologic activity(60.5%and 76.3%for CD;and 90.0%and 95.0%for UC,respectively)than FC(41.7%and 50.0%for CD;and 25%and 50%for UC,respectively).Regarding the clinical,endoscopic,and histologic activities,the BG levels were reduced following therapeutic intervention in patients with CD(P<0.0001)and UC(P=0.003).Compared with endoscopic(AUC:0.693;P=0.002)and histologic(AUC:0.868;P<0.001)activity,no significant correlation was found between serum BG and transmural healing based on magnetic resonance enterography(AUC:0.576;P=0.192).Positive correlations were detected between BG and IL-17 in the CD(r:0.737;P=0.001)and the UC group(r:0.574;P=0.005),and between BG and interferon-gamma in the CD group(r:0.597;P=0.015).CONCLUSION Serum BG may represent an important novel noninvasive approach for detecting mucosal inflammation and therapeutically monitoring inflammatory bowel diseases,particularly in CD. | Katia Farias e Silva Hayandra F Nanini Cynthia Machado Cascabulho Siane L B Rosas Patricia T Santana Antonio Joséde V Carneiro Elias Anaissie Marcio Nucci Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，9： | 1 |
| 17 | Cutting temperature:Prediction and measurement methods显示文摘 | MARCIO B S WALLBANK J | 1999 | Journal of Materials Processing Technology1999，88，： | 1 |
| 18 | Mesophyll thickness and sclerophylly among Calotropis procera morphotypes reveal water-saved adaptation to environments显示文摘Calotropis procera(Aiton)Dryand(Apocynaceae)is a native species in tropical and subtropical Africa and Asia.However,due to its fast growing and drought-tolerant,it has become an invasive species when it was introduced into Central and South America,as well as the Caribbean Islands.Currently,C.procera displays a wide distribution in the world.Invasiveness is important,in particular,because many invasive species exert a high reproductive pressure on the invaded communities or are highly productive in their new distributed areas.It has been suggested that a very deep root system and a high capacity to reduce stomatal conductance during water shortage could allow this species to maintain the water status required for a normal function.However,the true mechanism behind the successful distribution of C.procera across wet and dry environments is still unknown.C.procera leaves were collected from 12 natural populations in Brazil,Colombia and Mexico,ranging from wet to dry environments during 2014–2015.Many traits of morphology and anatomy from these distinct morphotypes were evaluated.We found that C.procera leaves had a considerable capacity to adjust their morphological,anatomical and physiological traits to different environments.The magnitude of acclimation responses,i.e.,plasticity,had been hypothesized to reflect the specialized adaptation of plant species to a particular environment.However,allometric models for leaf area(LA)estimation cannot be grouped as a single model.Leaves are narrower and thicker with low amounts of air spaces inside the leaf parenchyma in wet environments,while they are broader and thinner with a small number of palisade cell layers in dry environments.Based on these,we argue that broader and thinner leaves of C.procera dissipate incident energy at the expense of a higher rate of transpiration to survive in environments in which water is the most limiting factor and to compete in favorable wet environments. | Marcelo F POMPELLI Keila R MENDES Marcio V RAMOS Jose N B SANTOS Diaa T A YOUSSEF Jaqueline D PEREIRA Laurício ENDRES Alfredo JARMA-OROZCO Rodolfo SOLANO-GOMES Betty JARMA-ARROYO Andre L J SILVA Marcos A SANTOS Werner C ANTUNES | 2019 | Journal of Arid Land2019，11，6： | 0 |
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