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| 1 | Biochar-based bioenergy and its environmental impact in Northwestern Ontario Canada: A review显示文摘Biochar is normally produced as a by-product of bioenergy. However, if biochar is produced as a co-product with bioenergy from sustainably managed forests and used for soil amendment, it could provide a carbon neutral or even carbon negative solution for current environmental degradation problems. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of biochar production as a co-product of bioenergy and its implications. We focus on biochar production with reference to biomass availability and sustainability and on biochar utilization for its soil amendment and greenhouse gas emissions reduction properties. Past studies confirm that northwestern Ontario has a sustainable and sufficient supply of biomass feedstock that can be used to produce bioenergy, with biochar as a co-product that can replace fossil fuel consumption, increase soil productivity and sequester carbon in the long run. For the next step, we recommend that comprehensive life cycle assessment of biochar-based bioenergy production, from raw material collection to biochar application, with an extensive economic assessment is necessary for making this technology commercially viable in northwestern Ontario. | Krish Homagain Chander Shahi Nancy Luckai Mahadev Sharma | 2014 | Journal of Forestry Research2014，25，4： | 5 |
| 2 | Life cycle environmental impact assessment of biochar-based bioenergy production and utilization in Northwestern Ontario,Canada显示文摘Biochar-based bioenergy production and subsequent land application of biochar can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by fixing atmospheric carbon into the soil for a long period of time. A thorough life cycle assessment of biochar-based bioenergy production and biochar land application in Northwestern Ontario is conducted using Sima Pro Ver. 8.1. The results of energy consumption and potential environmental impact of biochar-based bioenergy production system are compared with those of conventional coal-based system. Results show that biochar land application consumes 4847.61 MJ per tonne dry feedstock more energy than conventional system, but reduces the GHG emissions by 68.19 kg CO2e per tonne of dry feedstock in its life cycle. Biochar land application improves ecosystem quality by 18 %, reduces climate change by15 %, and resource use by 13 % but may adversely impact on human health by increasing disability adjusted life years by 1.7 % if biomass availability is low to medium.Replacing fossil fuel with woody biomass has a positive impact on the environment, as one tonne of dry biomass feedstock when converted to biochar reduces up to 38 kg CO2e with biochar land application despite using more energy. These results will help understand a comprehensive picture of the new interventions in forestry businesses,which are promoting biochar-based bioenergy production. | Krish Homagain Chander Shahi Nancy Luckai Mahadev Sharma | 2015 | Journal of Forestry Research2015，26，4： | 2 |
| 3 | A practical approach for assessing the sensitivity of the Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian forest sector ( CBM - CFS3 ) 显示文摘 | Thomas White Nancy Luckai Guy R Larocque | 2008 | Ecological Modelling2008，219，34： | 1 |
| 4 | An effective AIDS vaccine based on live attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus recombinants 显示文摘 | Rose N F Marx P A Luckay A | 2001 | Cell2001，106，： | 1 |
| 5 | Extraction and transport of gold ( Ⅲ ) using some acyl (aroyl) thiourea ligands and a crystal structure of one of the complexes 显示文摘 | LUCKAY R C MEBRAHTU F ESTERHUYSN C | 2010 | Inorganic Chemistry Communications2010，13，： | 1 |
| 6 | SIV(mac) pathogenesis in rhesus macaques of Chinese and Indian origin compared with primary HIV infections in humans显示文摘 | Ling B Veazey RS Luckay A | 2002 | AIDS2002，2616，11： | 1 |
| 7 | An effective AIDS vaccine based on live attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus recombinants显示文摘 | Rose N F Marx P A Luckay A | 2001 | Cell2001，106，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Effect of plasmid DNA vaccine design and in vivo electroporation on the resulting vaccinespecific immune responses in rhesus macaques显示文摘 | Luckay A Sidhu M Kjeken R | 2007 | J Virol2007，81，10： | 1 |
| 9 | SIV(mac) pathogenesis in rhesus macaques of Chinese and Indian origin compared with primary HIV infections in humans显示文摘 | Ling B Veazey RS Luckay A | 2002 | AIDS2002，16，11： | 1 |
| 10 | Life cycle cost and economic assessment of biochar-based bioenergy production and biochar land application in Northwestern Ontario, Canada显示文摘Background:Replacement of fossil fuel based energy with biochar-based bioenergy production can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions while mitigating the adverse impacts of climate change and global warming.However,the production of biochar-based bioenergy depends on a sustainable supply of biomass.Although,Northwestern Ontario has a rich and sustainable supply of woody biomass,a comprehensive life cycle cost and economic assessment of biochar-based bioenergy production technology has not been done so far in the region.Methods:In this paper,we conducted a thorough life cycle cost assessment(LCCA) of biochar-based bioenergy production and its land application under four different scenarios:1) biochar production with low feedstock availability;2) biochar production with high feedstock availability;3) biochar production with low feedstock availability and its land application;and 4) biochar production with high feedstock availability and its land application-using SimaPro~,EIOLCA~ software and spreadsheet modeling.Based on the LCCA results,we further conducted an economic assessment for the break-even and viability of this technology over the project period.Results:It was found that the economic viability of biochar-based bioenergy production system within the life cycle analysis system boundary based on study assumptions is directly dependent on costs of pyrolysis,feedstock processing(drying,grinding and pelletization) and collection on site and the value of total carbon offset provided by the system.Sensitivity analysis of transportation distance and different values of C offset showed that the system is profitable in case of high biomass availability within 200 km and when the cost of carbon sequestration exceeds CAD $60 per tonne of equivalent carbon(CO_2e).Conclusions:Biochar-based bioenergy system is economically viable when life cycle costs and environmental assumptions are accounted for.This study provides a medium scale slow-pyrolysis plant scenario and we recommend similar experiments with large-scale plants in order to implement the technology at industrial scale. | Krish Homagain Chander Shahi Nancy Luckai Mahadev Sharma | 2017 | Forest Ecosystems2017，4，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Competitive bulk liquid membrane transport and solvent extraction of some transition and post-transition metal ions using acylthiourea ligands as ionophores显示文摘 | HABTU M M BOURNE S A KOCH K R LUCKAY R C | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Effect of plasmid dna vaccine design and in vivo electroporation on the resuhing vaccine-specific immune responses in rhesus macaques显示文摘 | Luckay A Sidhu MK Kjeken R | 2007 | J Virol2007，81，10： | 1 |
| 13 | SIV(mac) pathogenesis in rhesus macaques of Chinese and Indian origin compared with primary HIV infections in humans 显示文摘 | Ling B Veazey RS Luckay A | 2002 | AIDS2002，16，11： | 1 |
| 14 | SIV (mac) pathogenesis in rhesus macaques of Chinese and Indian origin compared with primary HIV infections in humans显示文摘 | Ling B Veazey RS Luckay A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | An effective AIDS vaccine based on live attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus显示文摘 | Rose NF Marx PA Luckay A | 2001 | Cell2001，106，： | 1 |
| 16 | Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) seroprevalence and characterization of a distinct HIV-2 genetic subtype from the natural range of simian immunodeficiency virus infected sooty mangabeys 显示文摘 | Chen Z Luckay A Sodora D L | 1997 | J Virol1997，71，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of plas- mid DNA vaccine design and in vivo eleetroporation on the resulting vaccine-specific immune responses in rhesus macaques显示文摘 | LUCKAY A SIDHU M K KJEKEN R et ol | 2007 | Virology2007，81，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Extraction and transport of gold (III ) using some acyl ( aroyl ) thiourea ligands and a crystal structure of one of the complexes 显示文摘 | Luckay R C Mebrahtu F Esterhuysen C | 2010 | Inorganic Chemistry Communications2010，13，： | 1 |
| 19 | Extraction and transport of gold (Ⅲ) using some acyl (aroyl) thiourea ligands and a crystal structure of one of the complexes显示文摘 | Luckay R C Mebrahtu F Esterhuysen C | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Effect of plasmid DNA vaccine design and in vivo electroporation on the resulting vaccine- specific immune responses in rhesus macaques显示文摘 | Luckay A Sidhu MK Kjeken R | 2007 | J Virol2007，81，10： | 1 |
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