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| 1 | Examples of unusual ionospheric observations by the CSES prior to earthquakes显示文摘The CSES(China seismic electromagnetic satellite) was launched on February 2, 2018 in a circular polar orbit at an altitude of~507 km. One of the main objectives of CSES is to search for and characterize ionospheric perturbations that can be associated with seismic activities, to better understand the generation mechanism of such perturbations. Its scientific payload can measure a broad frequency range of electromagnetic waves and some important plasma parameters. This paper is a first-hand study of unusual observations recorded by the CSES over seismic regions prior to four earthquakes with M >7.0 since the satellite's launch. CSES detectors measured irregularities near the epicenter of these four earthquakes. It is already clear that data from instruments onboard the CSES will be of significant help in studies of characteristics of ionospheric perturbations related to earthquakes and their generation mechanisms. | Rui Yan XuHui Shen JianPing Huang Qiao Wang Wei Chu DaPeng Liu YanYan Yang HengXin Lu Song Xu | 2018 | Earth and Planetary Physics2018，2，6： | 7 |
| 2 | Application system and data description of the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite显示文摘The China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite, launched into orbit from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre on February 2 nd, 2018, is China's first space satellite dedicated to geophysical exporation. The satellite carries eight scientific payloads including high-precision magnetometers to detect electromagnetic changes in space, in particular changes associated with global earthquake disasters. In order to encourage and facilitate use by geophysical scientists of data from the satellite's payloads, this paper introduces the application systems developed for the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite by the Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration;these include platform construction, data classification, data storage, data format, and data access and acquisition. | JianPing Huang XuHui Shen XueMin Zhang HengXin Lu Qiao Tan Qiao Wang Rui Yan Wei Chu YanYan Yang DaPeng Liu Song Xu | 2018 | Earth and Planetary Physics2018，2，6： | 5 |
| 3 | 电磁监测试验卫星及其初步成果显示文摘As the first satellite of the China national geophysical field observation series of stllite missions,the China Seismo--Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES)was designed upon an optimized CAST2000 platform for a sun synchronous orbit.Onboard CSES,there are total eight types of scientific payloads including the Search-coil Magnetometer,Electric Field Detector,High Precision Magnetometer,GNSS Occupation Receiver,Plasma Analyzer,Langmuir Probe,Energetic Particle Detector Package,and a Three-band Transmitter to individually acquire the global eletromagnetic field,elec-tromagnetic waves,ionospheric plasma parameters as well as energetic particles.Up to now,CSES has been operating normally in orbit for 2 years.By using the various sensor data acquired by CSES,we have achieved scientfic research in the areas of the global geomagnetic field modeling,space weather,earthquake event analysis,the Lithosphere-Atmo-sphere-lonosphere coupling mechanism and so on.. | SHEN Xuhui ZEREN Zhima YUAN Shigeng DAI Jianping HUANG Jianping ZHU Xinghong YANG Yanyan YAN Rui ZHAO Shufan LIU Dapeng ZHANG Zhenxia WANG Qiao CHU Wei LU Hengxin XU Song GUO Feng TAN Qiao LI Wenjing ZHOU Na | 2020 | Aerospace China2020，21，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Zhuifeng tougu capsules (追风透骨胶囊) improve rheumatoid arthritis symptoms in rats by regulating the toll-like receptor 2/4-nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of Zhuifeng tougu capsules(追风透骨胶囊, ZFTG) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) in rats and study its mechanism, focusing on the toll-like receptor 2/4-nuclear factor kappa-B(TLR2/4-NF-κB) signaling pathway.METHODS: TypeⅡ collagen and an artificial climate box were used to construct the rat model of collagen-induced arthritis with wind-cold-dampness arthralgia syndrome. The rats were divided randomly into a control group, wind-cold-dampness syndrome model group, and high-, medium-,and low-dose ZFTG groups. The methotrexate(MTX) control group was treated with the corresponding drug intervention for 28 d. The joint temperature, pain threshold, joint swelling degree, and arthritis index(AI) score were measured. The production of C-reactive protein(CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), and rheumatoid factors(RFs) in the blood was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein expression of TLR2, TLR4, and NF-κB in synovial tissues was detected by Western blotting, and the m RNA expression of TLR2, TLR4, and NF-κB was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: Compared with the model group, the joint temperature in each treatment group, the MTX control group, and MTX group recovered, the degree of foot swelling, pain threshold, AI score decreased, serum CRP, ESR, RF level and the levels of TLR2, TLR4, and NF-κB in synovial tissue were decreased(P < 0.05). Among them, the curative effect in the medium-dose and MTX groups was more evident(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: ZFTG has a significant effect on RA in rats, and its mechanism may involve regulating CRP levels, the ESR, and RFs via the TLR2/4-NF-κB signaling pathway. | GONG Hui KUANG Gaoyan WU Yongrong LU Fangguo DENG Yihui HE Yanlin WANG Hengxin | 2021 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2021，41，3： | 2 |
| 5 | Stability validation on the VLF waveform data of the China-Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite显示文摘The China-Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES),which was launched in February 2018,carries the search coil magnetometer(SCM)and the electric field detector(EFD)to realize the high-resolution electromagnetic field and wave detection in the upper ionosphere.Due to the complexity and variability of the ionospheric environment,the stability of such a high sampling rate and high-precision electromagnetic field detection systems is always an essential link in data processing and the scientific application of CSES.This work evaluates the stability of the very-low-frequency(VLF)band detection by validating the systemic sampling-time differences between SCM and EFD in the VLF burst-mode observations.The optimal waveform data preprocessing method is put forward according to the noise levels of the VLF burst-mode observation and the inherent design characteristics of EFD.The VLF waveform data of EFD is rebuilt by filling the data gaps among the sampling sub-periods,making it with a similar sample length to SCM.Then by precisely intercepting the maximum and minimum values of the burst-mode waveforms,the variation of the sampling-time difference between EFD and SCM is statistically evaluated.Results show that during the three years'operation,the sampling-time difference between EFD and SCM predominately keeps below 0.5 s,indicating good stability of EFD and SCM on orbit.Then we developed an automatic synchronization tool based on the similarity function and STA/LTA(short time average over long time average)characteristic function.This tool can effectively realize the precise synchronization between SCM and EFD in the VLF burst-mode observation.This work is helpful to upgrade the data quality of CSES and provides technical support for electromagnetic wave propagation studies. | YANG DeHe ZHIMA ZeRen WANG Qiao HUANG JianPing WANG XiuYing ZHANG ZhenXia ZHAO ShuFan GUO Feng CHENG WanLi LU HengXin SHEN XuHui | 2022 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2022，65，12： | 1 |
| 6 | Current Status and Main Scientific Results of In-flight CSES Mission显示文摘The CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite)is the electromagnetism satellite of China’s Zhangheng mission which is planned to launch a series of microsatellites within next 10 years in order to monitor the electromagnetic environment,gravitational field.The CSES 01 probe(also called ZH-1)was launched successfully on 2 February 2018,from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre(China)and is expected to operate for 5 years in orbit.The second probe CSES 02 is going to be launched in 2022.The scientific objectives of CSES are to detect the electromagnetic field and waves,plasma and particles,for studying the seismic-associated disturbances.To meet the requirements of scientific objective,the satellite is designed to be in a sun-synchronous orbit with a high inclination of 97.4°at an altitude around 507 km.CSES carries nine scientific payloads including Search-coil magnetometer,Electric Field Detector,High precision Magnetometer,GNSS occultation Receiver,Plasma Analyzer,Langmuir Probe,two Energetic Particle Detectors(including an Italian one),and Tri-Band Transmitter.Up to now,CSES has been operating in orbit for 2 years with stable and reliable performance.By using all kinds of data acquired by CSES,we have undertaken a series of scientific researches in the field of global geomagnetic field re-building,the ionospheric variation environment,waves,and particle precipitations under disturbed space weather and earthquake activities,the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere coupling mechanism research and so on. | SHEN Xuhui ZEREN Zhima HUANG Jianping YANG Yanyan ZHAO Shufan YAN Rui ZHANG Zhenxia LIU Dapeng WANG Qiao CHU Wei LU Hengxin XU Song GUO Feng TAN Qiao LI Wenjing ZHOU Na SONG Fuxi | 2020 | 空间科学学报2020，40，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Disturbance identification of electric field data observed by the CSES-01 satellite before earthquakes显示文摘Numerous studies have confirmed that electromagnetic disturbances before earthquakes can be observed by satellites.In this study,we use the C-value method that includes the acoustic whistle signature;pre-seismic ionospheric electromagnetic disturbance signals were acquired based on the CSES-01 satellite electric field data,and the maximum value of C in the earthquake preparation zones increased continuously from 2.0 three days before the earthquake and reached a maximum weight of 3.0 on the day of the earthquake,after the earthquake,it gradually decreased and recovered to about 2.0;its the C values fluctuated between-2 and 3,it is different from the C values range-2–12 of the previous seismic case study using the DEMETER satellite,which may be related to the orbital altitude and revisit period of the satellite.Then,the C values were normalized,and the time series analysis of the obtained θ values were done,and the results showed that:In the pregnant zone,the background variation of the disturbance amplitude θ is within 2σ,and the maximum disturbance amplitude of θ starts to increase gradually from the seventh period(one period of 5 days,i.e.,35–39 days before the earthquake),it reached 2σ by the fourth preseismic cycle(20–24 days before the earthquake),and then dropped sharply to about 1.5σ in the third pre-seismic cycle(15–19days before the earthquake),after two cycles of increase,the θ over the epicenter reached a maximum of 2.1σ at the time of the earthquake(combining the time of the earthquake and the satellite flight characteristics,the epicenter period is defined as January25-January 29,2020,and this defines the study time period line),and the θ decreases to within 2 times the standard range after the earthquake;The negative value of the disturbance amplitude θ in the central region of the pregnant seismic zone during the earthquake shows the transient energy release process.Through comparison,the θ values obtained by normalization based on the C-value method takes into account the variation of the background field,and the result can better reflect the energy change of the ionospheric field before the earthquakes. | Jianping HUANG Fuzhi ZHANG Zhong LI Xuhui SHEN Baiyi YANG Wenjing LI Zhima ZEREN Hengxin LU Qiao TAN | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，8： | 0 |
| 8 | Current Status and Main Scientific Outcomes of the CSES Mission显示文摘This report briefly introduces the current status of the CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite)mission which includes the first satellite CSES 01 in-orbit(launched in February 2018),and the second satellite CSES 02(will be launched in 2023)under development.The CSES 01 has been steadily operating in orbit for over four years,providing abundant global geophysical field data,including the background geomagnetic field,the electromagnetic field and wave,the plasma(in-situ and profile data),and the energetic particles in the ionosphere.The CSES 01 platform and the scientific instruments generally perform well.The data validation and calibration are vital for CSES 01,for it aims to monitor earthquakes by extracting the very weak seismic precursors from a relatively disturbing space electromagnetic environment.For this purpose,we are paying specific efforts to validate data quality comprehensively.From the CSES 01 observations,we have obtained many scientific results on the ionosphere electromagnetic environment,the seismo-ionospheric disturbance phenomena,the space weather process,and the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere coupling mechanism. | ZEREN Zhima HUANG Jianping LIU Dapeng YANG Yanyan YAN Rui ZHAO Shufan ZHANG Zhenxia LIN Jian CUI Jing CHU Wei WANG Qiao LU Hengxin XU Song GUO Feng YANG Dehe ZHOU Na LIU Qinqin HUANG He WANG Jie TAN Qiao LI Wenjing LÜFangxian ZHU Keying SHEN Xuhui | 2022 | 空间科学学报2022，42，4： | 0 |
| 9 | Detecting seismic electromagnetic ELF anomalies associated with the 2010 Yushu earthquake in China by DEMETER observations and ELF Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere coupling propagating model显示文摘Over the last century,abnormal electromagnetic(EM)emissions associated with earthquake(EQ)activities have been widely reported and recorded by ground-based and satellite observations.However,the frequency at which abnormal EM emissions have been detected varies.In addition,whether low Earth orbit(LEO)satellites can detect EM anomalies from EQs remains controversial.In this paper,we take the Yushu earthquake as an example to address these concerns by DEMETER satellite observations and a newly constructed lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere model of extremely low frequency(ELF)wave propagation.The results illustrate that the frequency of ELF EM anomalies of the Yushu earthquake is mainly at 200–400 Hz.The observations and simulations illustrate that the power-frequency curve of the ELF EM wave from an underground source has a peak power frequency at 200–400 Hz,which is significantly different from the ELF EM wave radiated from the ground source. | LIAO Li ZHAO ShuFan SHEN XuHui ZEREN ZhiMa PENG HuaiYun LU HengXin | 2023 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2023，66，4： | 0 |
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