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| 1 | A High Performance Cobalt-Doped ZnO Visible Light Photocatalyst and Its Photogenerated Charge Transfer Properties显示文摘高度 photocatalytically 活跃的做钴的 ZnO (ZnO : 公司) nanorods 被一个灵巧的热水的过程准备了。X 光检查衍射, X 光检查光电子光谱学,拉曼散布和紫外力的弥漫的反射光谱学证实掺杂物离子代替一些格子锌离子,并且而且,那 Co2+ 和 Co3+ 离子共存。同样准备的 ZnO : 公司样品让扩大轻吸收与纯 ZnO 和显示出的高度有效的 photocatalytic 活动相比变化,仅仅要求 60 min 在可见轻照耀下面分解 93% 茜素红染料(> 420 nm ) 。可见 photocatalytic 活动的 photophysical 机制在表面 photovoltage 光谱学的帮助下被调查。显示的结果在公司和 ZnO 之间的一个强壮的电子相互作用是在场的,并且公司的加入支持了费用分离并且提高了费用转移能力并且同时,有效地在 ZnO 禁止了 photogenerated 费用搬运人的再结合,导致高可见的轻 photocatalytic 活动。 | Yongchun Lu Yanhong Lin Dejun Wang Lingling Wang Tengfeng Xie Tengfoi Jiang | 2011 | Nano Research2011，4，11： | 16 |
| 2 | Gene expression signatures for phlegm-dampness constitution of Chinese Medicine显示文摘Dear Editor,The term'individualized medicine'was first used in Biochemistry Individuality in 1956 by Williams(Williams et al.,1956).With the emergence of the post-genome era in the21st century,individualized precision medicine has attracted increasing attention.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),there is also concept of individualized medicine,which is known as the Chinese constitutional theory,proposed in the1970s(Wang,2012).According to this theory,the | Lingru Li Juan Feng Haiqiang Yao Lan Xie Yu Chen Lingling Yang Shujuan Hou Shipeng Zhao Ranran Sun Yanling Wu Tongtong Bai Yingshuai Li Ruoxi Yu Ji Wang Qi Wang | 2017 | Science China(Life Sciences)2017，60，1： | 13 |
| 3 | IGF-I induced phosphorylation of PTH receptor enhances osteoblast to osteocyte transition显示文摘Parathyroid hormone(PTH) regulates bone remodeling by activating PTH type 1 receptor(PTH1R) in osteoblasts/osteocytes. Insulinlike growth factor type 1(IGF-1) stimulates mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to osteoblasts. However, little is known about the signaling mechanisms that regulates the osteoblast-to-osteocyte transition. Here we report that PTH and IGF-I synergistically enhance osteoblast-to-osteocyte differentiation. We identified that a specific tyrosine residue, Y494, on the cytoplasmic domain of PTH1R can be phosphorylated by insulin-like growth factor type I receptor(IGF1R) in vitro. Phosphorylated PTH1R localized to the barbed ends of actin filaments and increased actin polymerization during morphological change of osteoblasts into osteocytes.Disruption of the phosphorylation site reduced actin polymerization and dendrite length. Mouse models with conditional ablation of PTH1R in osteoblasts demonstrated a reduction in the number of osteoctyes and dendrites per osteocyte, with complete overlap of PTH1R with phosphorylated-PTH1R positioning in osteocyte dendrites in wild-type mice. Thus, our findings reveal a novel signaling mechanism that enhances osteoblast-to-osteocyte transition by direct phosphorylation of PTH1R by IGF1R. | Tao Qiu Janet L.Crane Liang Xie Lingling Xian Hui Xie Xu Cao | 2018 | Bone Research2018，6，1： | 9 |
| 4 | Sequential fate-switches in stem-like cells drive the tumorigenic trajectory from human neural stem cells to malignant glioma显示文摘Glioblastoma(GBM)is an incurable and highly heterogeneous brain tumor,originating from human neural stem/progenitor cells(hNSCs/hNPCs)years ahead of diagnosis.Despite extensive efforts to characterize hNSCs and end-stage GBM at bulk and single-cell levels,the de novo gliomagenic path from hNSCs is largely unknown due to technical difficulties in early-stage sampling and preclinical modeling.Here,we established two highly penetrant hNSC-derived malignant glioma models,which resemble the histopathology and transcriptional heterogeneity of human GBM.Integrating time-series analyses of whole-exome sequencing,bulk and single-cell RNA-seq,we reconstructed gliomagenic trajectories,and identified a persistent NSC-like population at all stages of tumorigenesis.Through trajectory analyses and lineage tracing,we showed that tumor progression is primarily driven by multi-step transcriptional reprogramming and fate-switches in the NSC-like cells,which sequentially generate malignant heterogeneity and induce tumor phenotype transitions.We further uncovered stage-specific oncogenic cascades,and among the candidate genes we functionally validated C1QL1 as a new glioma-promoting factor.Importantly,the neurogenic-to-gliogenic switch in NSC-like cells marks an early stage characterized by a burst of oncogenic alterations,during which transient AP-1 inhibition is sufficient to inhibit gliomagenesis.Together,our results reveal previously undercharacterized molecular dynamics and fate choices driving de novo gliomagenesis from hNSCs,and provide a blueprint for potential early-stage treatment/diagnosis for GBM. | Xiaofei Wang Ran Zhou Yanzhen Xiong Lingling Zhou Xiang Yan Manli Wang Fan Li Chuanxing Xie Yiming Zhang Zongyao Huang Chaoqiong Ding Kaidou Shi Weida Li Yu Liu Zhongwei Cao Zhen-Ning Zhang Shengtao Zhou Chong Chen Yan Zhang Lu Chen Yuan Wang | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，6： | 8 |
| 5 | The role of transcriptional factor D-site-binding protein in circadian CCL2 gene expression in anti-Thy1 nephritis显示文摘Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(MsPGN)is an inflammatory disease,but both the nature of disease progression and its regulation remain unclear.In the present study,we monitored the course of anti-Thy1 nephritis from days 1 to 5 and established gene expression profiles at each time point using microarrays to explore the development of inflammation.According to the gene expression profiles,macrophage infiltration(triggered by CCL2 activation)was evident on day 1 and enhanced inflammation over the next few days.We screened for genes with expression levels similar to CCL2 and found that the upregulation of the circadian gene albumin D-site-binding protein(DBP)was involved in CCL2 activation in mesangial cells.More importantly,CCL2 expression showed oscillatory changes similar to DBP,and DBP induced peak CCL2 expression at 16:00 a clock on day 1 in the anti-Thy1 nephritis model.We knocked down DBP through transfection with a small interfering RNA(siRNA)and used RNA sequencing to identify the DBP-regulated TNF-α-CCL2 pathway.We performed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing(ChIP-Seq)and the dual luciferase assay to show that DBP bound to the TRIM55 promoter,regulating gene expression and in turn controlling the TNF-α-CCL2 pathway.In conclusion,DBP-regulated circadian CCL2 expression by the TRIM55-TNF pathway in injured mesangial cells at an early stage,which promoted macrophage recruitment and in turn triggered infiltration and inflammation in a model of anti-Thy1 nephritis. | Yang Lu Yan Mei Lei Chen Lingling Wu Xu Wang Yingjie Zhang Bo Fu Xizhao Chen Yuansheng Xie Guangyan Cai Xueyuan Bai Qinggang Li Xiangmei Chen | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，9： | 7 |
| 6 | Progress in research of submesoscale processes in the South China Sea显示文摘This paper overviews research progress in observation, theoretical analysis and numerical modeling of submesoscale dynamic processes in the South China Sea(SCS) particularly during recent five years. The submesoscale processes are defined according to both spatial and dynamic scales, and divided into four subcategories as submesoscale waves, submesoscale vortexes, submesoscale shelf processes, and submesoscale turbulence. The major new findings are as follows.(1) Systematic mooring observations provide new insights into the solitary waves(ISWs) and the typhoon-forced near-inertial waves(NIWs), of which a new type of ISWs with period of 23 h was observed in the northern SCS(NSCS), and the influences of background vorticity, summer monsoon onset, and deep meridional overturning circulation on the NIWs, as well as nonlinear wave-wave interaction between the NIWs and internal tides, are better understood. On the other hand, satellite altimeter sea surface height data are used to reveal the internal tide radiation patterns and provide solid evidence for that the ISWs in the northeastern SCS originate from the Luzon Strait.(2) Submesoscale offshore jets and associated vortex trains off the Vietnam coast in the western boundary of the SCS were observed from satellite chlorophyll concentration images. Spiral trains with the horizontal scale of 15–30 km and the spacing of 50–80 km were identified.(3) 3-D vertical circulation in the upwelling region east of Hainan Island was theoretically analyzed. The results show that distribution patterns of all the dynamic terms are featured by wave-like structures with horizontal wavelength scale of 20–40 km.(4) Numerical models have been used for the research of submesoscale turbulence. Submesoscale vertical pump of an anticyclonic eddy and the spatiotemporal features of submesoscale processes in the northeastern SCS are well modeled. | Quanan Zheng Lingling Xie Xuejun Xiong Xiaomin Hu Liang Chen | 2020 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2020，39，1： | 7 |
| 7 | New insight into the South China Sea:Rossby normal modes显示文摘The South China Sea(SCS),the largest marginal sea of the Northwest Pacific Ocean,is characterized by frequent occurrence of energetic mesoscale eddies.The eddy diameters range from 100 to 300 km.The eddy lifespan varies from several days to several months with the longest time of seven months(Zheng et al.,2017).The eddy disturbance reaches down to the ocean bottom layer. | XIE Lingling ZHENG Quanan | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，7： | 6 |
| 8 | A case study of a Kuroshio main path cut-off event and impacts on the South China Sea in fall-winter 2013–2014显示文摘This study examines a Kuroshio main path(KMP) cut-off event east of Taiwan Island occurred in fall-winter2013–2014 and its impacts on the South China Sea(SCS) by analyzing satellite altimetry and mooring observations. Satellite altimeter sea level anomaly(SLA) images reveal a complete process that a huge cyclonic eddy(CE) from the Pacific collided with the Kuroshio and the western boundary from 15 October 2013 to 15 January 2014. Mooring observations evidenced that the Kuroshio upper ocean volume transport was cut off more than 82% from 17×106 m^3/s in September to 3×106 m^3/s in November 2013. The KMP cut-off event caused the Kuroshio branching and intruding into the SCS and strengthened the eddy kinetic energy in the northern SCS west of the Luzon Strait. Using the total momentum as a dynamic criterion to determine the role of eddy collision with the Kuroshio reasonably explains the KMP cut-off event. | Quanan Zheng Chung-Ru Ho Lingling Xie Mingming Li | 2019 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2019，38，4： | 6 |
| 9 | Identification of Functional Genetic Variations Underlying Drought Tolerance in Maize Using SNP Markers显示文摘Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a common form of genetic variation and popularly exists in maize genome. An Illumina GoldenGate assay with 1 536 SNP markers was used to genotype maize inbred lines and identified the functional genetic variations underlying drought tolerance by association analysis. Across 80 lines, 1 006 polymorphic SNPs (65.5% of the total) in the assay with good call quality were used to estimate the pattern of genetic diversity, population structure, and familial relatedness. The analysis showed the best number of fixed subgroups was six, which was consistent with their original sources and results using only simple sequence repeat markers. Pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) and association mapping with phenotypic traits investigated under water-stressed and well-watered regimes showed rapid LD decline within 100-500 kb along the physical distance of each chromosome, and that 29 SNPs were associated with at least two phenotypic traits in one or more environments, which were related to drought-tolerant or drought-responsive genes. These drought-tolerant SNPs could be converted into functional markers and then used for maize improvement by marker-assisted selection. | Zhuanfang Hao Xinhai Li Chuanxiao Xie Jianfeng Weng Mingshun Li Degui Zhang Xiaoling Liang Lingling Liu Sisi Liu Shihuang Zhang | 2011 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2011，53，8： | 5 |
| 10 | Effects of different tillage and straw retention practices on soil aggregates and carbon and nitrogen sequestration in soils of the northwestern China显示文摘Soil tillage and straw retention in dryland areas may affect the soil aggregates and the distribution of total organic carbon. The aims of this study were to establish how different tillage and straw retention practices affect the soil aggregates and soil organic carbon(SOC) and total nitrogen(TN) contents in the aggregate fractions based on a long-term(approximately 15 years) field experiment in the semi-arid western Loess Plateau, northwestern China. The experiment included four soil treatments, i.e., conventional tillage with straw removed(T), conventional tillage with straw incorporated(TS), no tillage with straw removed(NT) and no tillage with straw retention(NTS), which were arranged in a complete randomized block design. The wet-sieving method was used to separate four size fractions of aggregates, namely, large macroaggregates(LA, >2000 μm), small macroaggregates(SA, 250–2000 μm), microaggregates(MA, 53–250 μm), and silt and clay(SC, <53 μm). Compared to the conventional tillage practices(including T and TS treatments), the percentages of the macroaggregate fractions(LA and SA) under the conservation tillage practices(including NT and NTS treatments) were increased by 41.2%–56.6%, with the NTS treatment having the greatest effect. For soil layers of 0–5, 5–10 and 10–30 cm, values of the mean weight diameter(MWD) under the TS and NTS treatments were 10.68%, 13.83% and 17.65%, respectively. They were 18.45%, 19.15% and 14.12% higher than those under the T treatment, respectively. The maximum contents of the aggregate-associated SOC and TN were detected in the SA fraction, with the greatest effect being observed for the NTS treatment. The SOC and TN contents were significantly higher under the NTS and TS treatments than under the T treatment. Also, the increases in SOC and TN levels were much higher in the straw-retention plots than in the straw-removed plots. The macroaggregates(including LA and SA fractions) were the major pools for SOC and TN, regardless of tillage practices, storing 3.25–6.81 g C/kg soil and 0.34–0.62 g N/kg soil. Based on the above results, we recommend the NTS treatment as the best option to boost soil aggregates and to reinforce carbon and nitrogen sequestration in soils in the semi-arid western Loess Plateau of northwestern China. | WU Jun Yeboah STEPHEN CAI Liqun ZHANG Renzhi QI Peng LUO Zhuzhu LI Lingling XIE Junhong DONG Bo | 2019 | Journal of Arid Land2019，11，4： | 5 |
| 11 | The heterogeneity of islet autoantibodies and the progression of islet failure in type 1 diabetic patients显示文摘Type 1 diabetes mellitus is heterogeneous in many facets. The patients suffered from type 1 diabetes present several levels of islet function as well as variable number and type of islet-specific autoantibodies. This study was to investigate prevalence and heterogeneity of the islet autoantibodies and clinical phenotypes of type 1 diabetes mellitus; and also discussed the process of islet failure and its risk factors in Chinese type 1 diabetic patients. A total of 1,291 type 1 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Demographic information was collected. Laboratory tests including mixed-meal tolerance test, human leukocyte antigen alleles, hemoglobin A1 c, lipids, thyroid function and islet autoantibodies were conducted. The frequency of islet-specific autoantibody in newly diagnosed T1 DM patients(duration shorter than half year) was 73% in East China. According to binary logistic regressions, autoantibody positivity, longer duration and lower Body Mass Index were the risk factors of islet failure. As the disease developed, autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase declined as well as the other two autoantibodies against zinc transporter 8 and islet antigen 2. The decrease of autoantibodies was positively correlated with aggressive beta cell destruction. Autoantibodies can facilitate the identification of classic T1 DM from other subtypes and predict the progression of islet failure. As there were obvious heterogeneity in autoantibodies and clinical manifestation in different phenotypes of the disease, we should take more factors into consideration when identifying type 1 diabetes mellitus. | Jin Liu Lingling Bian Li Ji Yang Chen Heng Chen Yong Gu Bingqin Ma Wei Gu Xinyu Xu Yun Shi Jian Wang Dalong Zhu Zilin Sun Jianhua Ma Hui Jin Xing Shi Heng Miao Bing Xin Yan Zhu Zhenwen Zhang Ruifang Bu Lan Xu Guangde Shi Wei Tang Wei Li Dongmei Zhou Jun Liang Xingbo Cheng Bimin Shi Jixiang Dong Ji Hu Chen Fang Shao Zhong Weinan Yu Weiping Lu Chenguang Wu Li Qian Jiancheng Yu Jialin Gao Xiaoqiang Fei Qingqing Zhang Xueqin Wang Shiwei Cui Jinluo Cheng Ning Xu Guofeng Wang Guoqing Han Chunrong Xu Yun Xie Minmin An Wei Zhang Zhixiao Wang Yun Cai Qi Fu Yu Fu Shuai Zheng Fan Yang Qingfang Hu Hao Dai Yu Jin Zheng Zhang Kuanfeng Xu Yifan Li Jie Shen Hongwen Zhou Wei He Xuqin Zheng Xiao Han Liping Yu Jinxiong She Mei Zhang Tao Yang | 2016 | Science China(Life Sciences)2016，59，9： | 5 |
| 12 | Tropical storm-forced near-inertial energy dissipation in the southeast continental shelf region of Hainan Island显示文摘Near-inertial motion is an important dynamic process in the upper ocean and plays a significant role in mass, heat, and energy transport across the thermocline. In this study, the dissipation of wind-induced near-inertial energy in the thermocline is investigated by using observation data collected in July and August 2005 during the tropical storm Washi by a moored system at(19°35′N, 112°E) in the continental shelf region off Hainan Island. In the observation period, the near-inertial part dominated the observed ocean kinetic energy and about 80% of the near-inertial energy dissipated in the upper layer. Extremely strong turbulent mixing induced by near-inertial wave was observed in the thermocline, where the turbulent energy dissipation rate increased by two orders of magnitude above the background level. It is found that the energy loss of near-inertial waves in the thermocline is mainly in the large-scales. This is different from the previous hypothesis based on 'Kolmogorov cascade' turbulence theory that the kinetic energy is dissipated mainly by small-scale motions. | ZHANG ShuWen XIE LingLing ZHAO Hui HOU YiJun | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，8： | 5 |
| 13 | Identification of an endogenous glutamatergic transmitter system controlling excitability and conductivity of atrial cardiomyocytes显示文摘As an excitatory transmitter system,the glutamatergic transmitter system controls excitability and conductivity of neurons.Since both cardiomyocytes and neurons are excitable cells,we hypothesized that cardiomyocytes may also be regulated by a similar system. | Duanyang Xie Ke Xiong Xuling Su Guanghua Wang Qiang Ji Qicheng Zou Lingling Wang Yi Liu Dandan Liang Jinfeng Xue Luxin Wang Xueting Gao Xingdong Gu Hongyu Liu r Xiaoyu He Li Li Jian Yang Youming Lu Luying Peng Yi-Han Chen | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，9： | 5 |
| 14 | Transferring deep neural networks for the differentiation of mammographic breast lesions显示文摘Machine learning can help differentiating benign and malignant lesions seen on mammographic images. Conventional models require handcrafting features for lesion representation. Due to insufficient medical instances, the performance of convolutional neural networks(CNNs) can be further increased. This study makes use of transfer learning for mammographic breast lesion diagnosis and deep neural network(DNN) models pre-trained with large-scale natural images are employed. The diagnosis performance is evaluated with the prediction accuracy(ACC) and the area under the curve(AUC) on average. A histologically verified database is analyzed which contains 406 lesions(230 benign and 176 malignant). Involved models include transferred DNNs(GoogLeNet and AlexNet), shallow CNNs(CNN2 and CNN3) that are fully trained with medical instances and boosted by support vector machine(SVM), and two conventional methods which combine handcrafted features and SVM for lesion diagnosis. Experimental results indicate that GoogLeNet achieves the best performance(ACC=0.81, AUC=0.88), followed by AlexNet(ACC=0.79, AUC=0.83) and CNN3(ACC=0.73, AUC=0.82). Knowledge transfer can improve the mammographic breast cancer diagnosis, while its wide application still requires further verification in medical imaging domain. | YU ShaoDe LIU LingLing WANG ZhaoYang DAI GuangZhe XIE YaoQin | 2019 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2019，62，3： | 5 |
| 15 | Highly luminescent and stable lead-free cesium copper halide perovskite powders for UV-pumped phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes显示文摘Lead halide perovskites have drawn extensive attention over recent decades owing to their outstanding photo-electric performances.However,their toxicity and instability are big issues that need to be solved for further commercialization.Herein,we adopt a facile dry ball milling method to synthesize lead-free Cs3Cu2X5(X=I,CI)perovskites with photoluminescence(PL)quantum yield up to 60%.The optical features including broad emission spectrum,large Stokes shift,and long PL lifetime can be attributed to self-trapped exciton recombination.The as-synthesized blue emissive Cs3Cu2I5 and green emissive Cs3Cu2Cl5 lead-free perovskite powders have good thermal stability and photostability.Furthermore,UV-pumped phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes were obtained by using Cs3Cu2I5 and Cs3Cu2Cl5 as phosphors. | LINGLING XIE BINGKUN CHEN FA ZHANG ZHENG ZHAO XINXIN WANG LIJIE SHI YUE LIU LINGLING HUANG RUIBIN LIU BINGSUO ZOU YONGTIAN WANG | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，6： | 5 |
| 16 | China-France Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT) simultaneously observes the typhoon-induced wind and wave fields显示文摘The China-France oceanography satellite(CFOSAT)developed by the China National Space Administration(CNSA)and Centre National D’Etudes Spatiales(CNES)was successfully launched into its orbit on October 29,2018.The Chinese wind scatterometer(SCAT)with swath width of about 1000 km and French wave spectrometer(Surface Wave Investigation and Monitoring,SWIM)with swath width of about 180 km onboard the CFOSAT are in line with all requirements and performing operationally.Thus,it is the first time that CFOSAT provides simultaneous and co-located observations of wind and wave fields with high spatial resolutions of 12.5 km×12.5 km for the winds and 70 km×90 km for the wave directional spectrum.The real-time and large-scale monitoring of wind and wave fields are of great significance for navigation and human activities on the sea(Xu et al.,2010;Tan et al.,2018;Sun et al.,2019),especially during severe typhoon processes when violent winds and hazardous waves occur(Walsh et al.,2002;Zhou et al.,2008). | Ying Xu Jianqiang Liu Lingling Xie Congrong Sun Jinpu Liu Junyi Li Di Xian | 2019 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2019，38，11： | 5 |
| 17 | Cyclometalated platinum(Ⅱ) complexes with sterically bulky camphor-derived groups as β-diketonate ancillary ligand:a new route to efficiently reducing π-π interactions and Pt-Pt interactions显示文摘A new series of mono-cyclometalated square planar platinum(Ⅱ) complexes have been synthesized and the single-crystal X-ray structures of complex 1 and 2 have been determined.The complexes have the general formula ppyPt(O^O),where ppy is 2-phenylpyridyl,and O^O is β-diketonate ancillary ligands with the acyl substituent group in position 3 of(D)-(+)-camphor.Although,like the many Pt(Ⅱ) complexes with square-planar geometry,these complexes have plane stacking modes in crystal structure,the sterically bulky camphor-derived groups compel extensive slipping of the molecular stacking planes,resulting in the negligible overlapping of the aromatic ring fragments between molecules and the considerable Pt-Pt distance.The resolved spectra and a little shifted emission in solid state of complexes show that there is significant reduction of π-π interactions and Pt-Pt interactions,and suggest these complexes may be good candidates for doped phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes(PhOLEDs) and even for nondoped PhOLEDs. | LUO KaiJun,XIE Yu,XU LingLing,WANG JiangWei,ZHANG LiFang & ZHAO KeQing College of Chemistry and Materials Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610068,China | 2010 | Science China Chemistry2010，53，1： | 5 |
| 18 | Estimation of eddy viscosity on the South China Sea shelf with adjoint assimilation method显示文摘The eddy viscosity of the ocean is an important parameter indicating the small-scale mixing process in the oceanic interior water column. Ekman wind-driven current model and adjoint assimilation technique are used to calculate the vertical profiles of eddy viscosity by fitting model results to the observation data. The data used in the paper include observed wind data and ADCP data obtained at Wenchang Oil Rig on the SCS (the South China Sea) shelf in August 2002. Different simulations under different wind conditions are analyzed to explore how the eddy viscosity develops with varying wind field. The results show that the eddy viscosity endured gradual variations in the range of 10-3 -10-2 m 2 /s during the periods of wind changes. The mean eddy viscosity undergoing strong wind could rise by about 25% as compared to the value under weak wind. | ZHANG Yanwei TIAN Jiwei XIE Lingling | 2009 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2009，28，5： | 4 |
| 19 | Impact of eddies on ocean diapycnal mixing in Gulf Stream region显示文摘Based on high-resolution,Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography(Argo)profiles and Sea Level Anomaly(SLA)data,this study statistically analyzes and compares turbulent diapycnal mixing profiles inside and outside mesoscale eddies in the Gulf Stream region.The result indicates that average diapycnal diffusivity at 300–540 m depths in anticyclonic eddies reaches4.0×10-5 m2 s-1.This is significantly higher than the 1.6×10-5 m2 s-1 outside eddies and 0.8×10-5 m2 s-1 in cyclonic eddies.Probabilities of diapycnal diffusivity greater than 10-4 m2 s-1 within anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies and outside eddies are29%,5%and 12%,respectively.However,magnitudes of average diapycnal diffusivity at 540–900 m depths in these three cases are of the same order,10-5 m2 s-1.Twenty-four of a total 38 anticyclonic eddies had enhanced mixing in the ocean interior,and 22 were observed during or shortly after strong winds.The coincidence between enhanced mixing and strong wind stress indicates that more wind-induced,near-inertial wave energy propagates downward in anticyclonic eddies.The deeper part of 12 profiles(below 540 m)in anticyclonic eddies had vertical overturns with Thorpe scale exceeding 5 m,among which three profiles had overturns reaching 20 m.Enhanced mixing may have occurred in deep layers of some profiles,although it was not evident in average conditions. | LI Min XIE LingLing YANG QingXuan TIAN JiWei | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，6： | 4 |
| 20 | Ectopic expression of VRT-A2 underlies the origin of Triticum polonicum and Triticum petropavlovskyi with long outer glumes and grains显示文摘Polish wheat (Triticum polonicum) is a unique tetraploid wheat species characterized by an elongated outer glume. The genetic control of the long-glume trait by a single semi-dominant locus, P1 (from Polish wheat), was established more than 100 years ago, but the underlying causal gene and molecular nature remain elusive. Here, we report the isolation of VRT-A2, encoding an SVP-clade MADS-box transcription factor, as the P1 candidate gene. Genetic evidence suggests that in T. polonicum, a naturally occurring sequence rearrangement in the intron-1 region of VRT-A2 leads to ectopic expression of VRT-A2 in floral organs where the long-glume phenotype appears. Interestingly, we found that the intron-1 region is a key ON/OFF molecular switch for VRT-A2 expression, not only because it recruits transcriptional repressors, but also because it confers intron-mediated transcriptional enhancement. Genotypic analyses using wheat accessions indicated that the P1 locus is likely derived from a single natural mutation in tetraploid wheat, which was subsequently inherited by hexaploid T. petropavlovskyi. Taken together, our findings highlight the promoter-proximal intron variation as a molecular basis for phenotypic differentiation, and thus species formation in Triticum plants. | Jing Liu Zhaoyan Chen Zhihui Wang Zhaoheng Zhang Xiaoming Xie Zihao Wang Lingling Chai Long Song Xuejiao Cheng Man Feng Xiaobo Wang Yanhong Liu Zhaorong Hu Jiewen Xing Zhenqi Su Huiru Peng Mingming Xin Yingyin Yao Weilong Guo Qixin Sun Jie Liu Zhongfu Ni | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，9： | 4 |
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