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| 1 | Simulation of the Interaction between Driver and Seat显示文摘Test is one of methods to acquire human-seat pressure distribution in driving,with the deficiency of being uneasy to obtain the stress information of soft tissue inside human body and the sheer force of interface between human and seat,which can be obtained by simulation.But current simulation method focuses mainly on calculation itself other than combining it with posture prediction and cab packaging parameters,which cause it difficult to acquire accurate pressure calculation results without accurate posture of human body,and make it almost meaningless to design optimization.Therefore,a human body geometric model with posture change capability is built and linked up with Cascade Prediction Model(CPM),which takes cab packaging parameters as inputs.A detailed finite element model of driver human body is constructed and used to conduct the driver-seat interaction simulation between human body and seat.Good accordance of pressure distribution is observed between simulation and test,which validates the simulation.In addition to the distribution pattern,curves on key sections are used to analyze the pressure and shear stress on the seat surface,as well as soft tissue stress inside human body.The simulation shows that the maximum stress of buttocks locates under the ischial tuberosity,and the maximum stress of trunk occurs near the scapula posterior and the lower waist.These are the places where fatigue usually occurs.The maximum pressure of seat appears at the driver-seat contact area corresponding to the driver’s maximum skin tissue stress.In order to guide the seat design and cab packaging and study the influence of posture to pressure distribution,finite element models for different levels of cab packaging parameters are created by using CPM.The pressure distributions are calculated and their tendencies varying with cab packaging parameters are obtained.The method presented provides a new way to accurately simulate the interaction between driver human body and seat,and to guide the seat design and cab packaging so as to improve seating comfort. | DU Xiaoming REN Jindong SANG Chunlei LI Lemeng | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2013，26，6： | 14 |
| 2 | Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the loss of retinal ganglion cells in diabetic retinopathy显示文摘Endoplasmic reticulum stress is closely involved in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy.In the present study,a streptozotocin-induced diabetic animal model was given an intraperitoneal injection of tauroursodeoxycholic acid.Results from immunofluorescent co-localization experiments showed that both caspase-12 protein and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 phosphorylation levels significantly increased,which was associated with retinal ganglion cell death in diabetic retinas.The C/ERB homologous protein pathway directly contributed to glial reactivity,and was subsequently responsible for neuronal loss and vascular abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy.Our experimental findings indicate that endoplasmic reticulum stress plays an important role in diabetes-induced retinal neuronal loss and vascular abnormalities,and that inhibiting the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway provides effective protection against diabetic retinopathy. | Liping Yang Lemeng Wu Dongmei Wang Ying Li Hongliang Dou Mark O.M.Tso Zhizhong Ma | 2013 | Neural Regeneration Research2013，8，33： | 7 |
| 3 | Laboratory Observations Regarding Different Instars of Cyclosainsulana(Costa, 1834)(Araneidae ) During Developmental Stages显示文摘The current experiment was conducted to find out the optimal conditions for mass rearing and developmental changes of Cyclosainsulana. The lab. conditions were maintained at(27±2)℃ and(65±5)% RH. The clear perplex cages and natural diet consisting of the aphids, larvae of the house fly and larvae of drosophila were used for rearing. C. insulana took(123.12±7.26) days to develop from eggs to adults passing through eight instars under prevailing vivo conditions. The eggs were greenish white in color with average size of 0.57 mm ±0.034. The eggs spent(7.52±1.64) days in emergence. Maximum number of spiderlings survived at the 5th instar(84%) and minimum at the 1st instar(34%). The measurements of different body parts including the total body length, cephalothorax and pedipalps of the both male and female C. insulana were done with the help of micrometer and presented as mean±SD. The measurements varied in the each developing instar. It was concluded that spiders were difficult to rear in the lab. conditions and each developing stage which was regarded as instars showed variations in size colors and body characteristics. | Muhammad Saleem Khan Muhammad Saleem Asghar Iram Maqsood Mohsin Bukhari Lemeng Han Tang Li-jie Li Yi-jing Shahla A Khalil U R | 2015 | Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition)2015，22，2： | 0 |
| 4 | Retinal ganglion cell death in a DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma Microglial activation and intraocular pressure显示文摘BACKGROUND:Retinal microglia has been shown to reactivate in a murine model of pigmentary glaucoma.However,the relationship between microglial activation and intraocular pressure(IOP) elevation and retinal ganglion cell(RGC) death is still unclear.OBJECTIVE:To verify that microglial activation and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) expression is involved in RGC death with elevated IOP and prolonged time of glaucomatous optic nerve lesion in a DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:This randomized,controlled,animal experiment was performed at the Peking University Third Hospital,Peking University Eye Center,China between December 2006 and May 2008.MATERIALS:DBA/2J mice and C57BL/6J mice(Jackson Laboratory,USA),rat anti-mouse CD11b monoclonal antibody(Serotec,UK),and goat anti-TNF-α polyclonal antibody(Sigma,USA) were used in this study.METHODS:A total of 100 female,DBA/2J mice at 3,6,9,12,and 14 months of age(20 mice per age group) were used for the glaucoma model,and 18 C57BL/6J mice at 3,9,14 months of age(6 mice per age group) were used as normal controls.The anterior segment of the eye was ob-served using a slit-lamp biomicroscope.IOP was measured using a microneedle system.Morphology and number of retinal microglia were observed using immunohistochemistry.RGCs were quantified using Nissl staining.Co-localization of TNF-α and microglia was observed using double-labeling immunofluorescence.Excavation of the optic nerve head was observed utilizing he-matoxylin-eosin staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The following parameters were measured:IOP levels,numbers of RGCs and activated microglia,and TNF-α expression.RESULTS:In 6-month-old DBA/2J mice,dispersed pigment was observed,and some mice devel-oped increased IOP.At 9 months of age,IOP levels reached a peak.In 3-month-old DBA/2J mice,microglia were activated.In 6-month-old DBA/2J mice,the number of activated microglia was significantly increased and migrated to the outer retinal layer.In 9-month-old mice,TNF-α expression was co-localized with microglia.Significant RGC loss occurred in mice aged 9 to 14 months,with the presence of optic nerve fiber loss and optical nerve head excavation.IOP returned to normal levels at 12 months of age,but microglia remained activated,which was consistent with RGC loss.CONCLUSION:Retinal microglial activation was partially attributed to increased IOP.Activated microglia might be mainly responsible for RGC loss.TNF-α expression was evident in the inner retinal layer.However,the relationship between TNF-α and RGC loss remains poorly understood. | Liping Yang Xiujuan Guo Lingling Wu Ying Li Lemeng Wu Dongmei Wang Mark O.M.TsoO | 2010 | Neural Regeneration Research2010，5，4： | 0 |
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