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| 1 | Compartmentalized Metabolic Engineering for Artemisinin Biosynthesis and Effective Malaria Treatment by Oral Delivery of Plant Cells显示文摘Artemisinin 对药抵抗的疟疾的寄生虫是高度有效的,它将近影响全球人口和杀死的一半 > 500 000 个人每年。artemisinin 的主要费用是过去常从 Artemisia annua 提取并且净化这药的昂贵的过程。这显然不必要的步的消除将在地方性的区域使这有势力抗疟药药买得起到全球人口生活。这里,我们报导了非蛋白质药 artemisinin biosynthesized 的口头的交货(0.8 mg/g 干燥重量) 在在由设计二的烟草的临床上有意义的层次,新陈代谢的小径指向了到三不同细胞的分隔空间(叶绿体,原子核,和线粒体) 。二倍地转基因的线显示出 isopentenyl 焦磷酸盐的三方面的改进,并且指向 AACPR, DBR2,和 CYP71AV1 到叶绿体导致了更高的表示和 dihydroartemisinic 酸的有效相片氧化到 artemisinin。从转基因的烟草植物的叶子的部分净化的摘录在变形体感染 falciparum 的红血房间的 vitro 生长前进禁止了。artemisinin 减少了的整个未经触动的植物房间 bioencapsulating 的口头的喂在与商业药比较的质问老鼠的 parasitemia 层次。如此的新奇 synergistic 途径应该通过可食的植物的新陈代谢的工程便于 artemisinin 和另外的药的便宜生产和交货。 | Karan Malhotra Mayavan Subramaniyan Khushboo Rawat Md. Kalamuddin M. Irfan Qureshi Pawan Malhotra Asif Mohmmed Katrina Cornish Henry Daniell Shashi Kumar1 | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，11： | 14 |
| 2 | Outcomes of the national programme on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus in China,2016-2017显示文摘Background:In addition to providing free hepatitis B vaccine(HBvacc)series to all infants in China since 2005,the national programme on prevention of mother-to-child transmission(PMTCT)of hepatitis B virus(HBV)started providing free hepatitis B immunoglobulin for all new-borns born to hepatitis B surface-antigen(HBsAg)positive mothers in 2010.However,few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of the PMTCT programme.Therefore,we aimed to investigate the outcomes of the programme and identify associated factors.Method:Using a cross-sectional study design,we collected data on 4112 pairs of HBsAg-positive mothers and their children aged 7-22 months in four representative provinces through interviews and medical record review.We tested HBsAg and hepatitis B surface antibody(anti-HBs)of children by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at designated maternal and child hospital laboratories.We used logistic regression to analyse factors associated with child HBsAg and anti-HBs positivity.Results:Thirty-five children were HBsAg positive,indicating the mother-to-child transmission(MTCT)rate was 0.9%(0.6-1.1%).The anti-HBs positive rate was 96.8%(96.3-97.4%).Children receiving HBvacc between 12 and 24h of birth were 2.9 times more likely to be infected than those vaccinated in less than 12 h(adjusted odds ratio[aOR]=2.9,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.4-63,P=0.01).Maternal hepatitis B e-antigen(HBeAg)positivity was associated with higher MTCT rate(aOR=79.1,95%Cl:10.8-580.2,P<0.001)and lower anti-HBs positive rate(aOR=0.4,95%CI:03-0.6,P<0.001).Children with low birth weight(LBW)were 60%less likely to be anti-HBs positive than those with normal birth weight(aOR=0A,95%CI:02-0.8,P=0.01).Conclusions:The MTCT rate was lower than the 2030 WHO elimination goal,which implies the programme is on track to achieve this target.As earlier HBvacc birth dose(HBvcc-BD)was associated with lower MTCT rate,we suggest that the PMTCT programme work with the Expanded Programme on Immunization(EPI)to modify the current recommendation for early HBvcc-BD to a requirement Our finding that LBW was associated with lower anti-HBs positivity points to the need for further studies to understand factors associated with these risks and opportunities for program strengthening.The programme needs to ensure providing essential test to identify HBeAg-positive mothers and their infants and provide them with appropriate medical care and follow-up. | Ya-Ping Qiao Min Su Yao Song Xiao-Yan Wang Zhen Li Yan-Lin Li Li-Xia Dou Qian Wang Katrina Hann Guo-Min Zhang Xiao-Na Huang Yu-Ning Yang Xi Jin Ai-Ling Wang | 2019 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2019，8，4： | 10 |
| 3 | Alcoholic pancreatitis:New insights into the pathogenesisand treatment显示文摘Acute pancreatitis is a necro-inflammatory disease of the exocrine pancreas that is characterized by inappropriate activation of zymogens, infiltration of the pancreas by inflammatory cells, and destruction of the pancreatic exocrine cells. Acute pancreatitis can progress to a severe life-threatening disease. Currently there is no pharmacotherapy to prevent or treat acute pancreatitis. One of the more common factors associated with acute pancreatitis is alcohol abuse. Although commonly associated with pancreatitis alcohol alone is unable to cause pancreatitis. Instead, it appears that alcohol and its metabolic by-products predispose the pancreas to damage from agents that normally do not cause pancreatitis, or to more severe disease from agents that normally cause mild pancreatic damage. Over the last 10 to 20 years, a tremendous amount of work has defined a number of alcohol-mediated biochemical changes in pancreatic cells. Among these changes are: Sustained levels of intracellular calcium, activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, endoplasmic reticulum stress, impairment in autophagy, alteration in the activity of transcriptional activators, and colocalization of lysosomal and pancreatic digestive enzymes. Elucidation of these changes has led to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which ethanol predisposes acinar cells to damage. This greater understanding has revealed a number of promising targets for therapeutic intervention. It is hoped that further investigation of these targets will lead to the development of pharmacotherapy that is effective in treating and preventing the progression of acute pancreatitis. | Dahn L Clemens Katrina J Schneider Christopher K Arkfeld Jaclyn R Grode Mark A Wells Shailender Singh | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2016，7，1： | 10 |
| 4 | Importance of bifurcation angle in bifurcation stenting显示文摘Bifurcation coronary lesions are relatively frequent in today's interventional cardiology practice,averaging between 10%-15% of all percutaneous coronary interventions(PCIs).1 Several problems inherent in the treatment of bifurcation lesions are periprocedural side branch(SB)compromise(composite of SB closure or appearance of significant ostial stenosis after main vessel(MV)stenting causing ischemia)frequently related to periprocedural myonecrosis,relatively higher restenosis rates especially in two-stent techniques,and higher rates of stent thrombosis in different time frames.1-4 The lead author and other investigators demonstrated that both periprocedural result and long-term results could be influenced by bifurcation angulations.The purpose of this study is to show why and how bifurcation angulations are important for bifurcation stenting. | Dobrin Vassilev Alexander Alexandrov Dan Le Katrina Nguyen James Nguyen Hung Phan Robert J. Gil | 2012 | Chinese Medical Journal2012，，22： | 7 |
| 5 | Receptor-like kinases and receptor-like proteins: keys to pathogen recognition and defense signaling in plant innate immunity显示文摘植物在环境对各种各样的病原体发展了防卫的多重层。自从他们在血浆膜是在场的并且从也察觉签名分子,像受体的 kinases/proteins (RLKs/RLPs ) 在在植物和病原体之间的战争的前面线上入侵的病原体或损坏植物织物。与一些著名例外,大多数 RLKs/RLPs 是积极管理者种天生的免疫。在这评论,我们总结涉及对 pathogens.We 的各种各样的班的回答也描述什么当前对经由蛋白质蛋白质相互作用和 phosphorylation 发信号的调停 RLK 的开始的机制被知道的植物防卫的最近发现的 RLKs/RLPs。 | Xin YANG Fengyang DENG Katrina M. RAMONELL | 2012 | Frontiers in Biology2012，7，2： | 7 |
| 6 | Discovering the roles of subsurface microorganisms: Progress and future of deep biosphere investigation显示文摘The discovery of the marine 'deep biosphere'-microorganisms living deep below the seafloor-is one of the most significant and exciting discoveries since the ocean drilling program began more than 40 years ago. Study of the deep biosphere has become a research frontier and a hot spot both for geological and biological sciences. Here, we introduce the history of the discovery of the deep biosphere, and then we describe the types of environments for life below the seafloor, the energy sources for the living creatures, the diversity of organisms within the deep biosphere, and the new tools and technologies used in this research field. We will highlight several recently completed Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expeditions, which targeted the subseafloor deep biosphere within the crust and sediments. Finally, future research directions and challenges of deep biosphere investigation towards uncovering the roles of subsurface microorganisms will be briefly addressed. | WANG FengPing LU ShuLin ORCUTT Beth N XIE Wei CHEN Ying XIAO Xiang EDWARDS Katrina J | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，4： | 6 |
| 7 | DOCK8 regulates signal transduction events to control immunity显示文摘在编码 DOCK8 的基因的基因变化引起亢奋的免疫球蛋白 E 症候群(AR 催促) 的一种正染色体的后退的形式,是指了 DOCK8 缺乏。在人的 DOCK8 缺乏导致联合免疫不全疾病(首领) 的发作,临床上与多样的微生物引起的病原体,和倾向与长期的感染联系了到恶意。DOCK8 调整多样的有免疫力的房间子类型的功能,现在正在变得清楚,特别地淋巴细胞,驾驶天生、适应的有免疫力的回答。早研究证明 DOCK8 为淋巴细胞幸存,移植和有免疫力的触处形成被要求,它当 DOCK8 不在时翻译到差的病原体控制。然而,更最近的进展在调整控制 transcriptional 活动, cytokine 生产和有免疫力的房间的功能的极化的信号 transduction 事件为 DOCK8 指向了一个关键角色。这里,我们在我们 DOCK8 功能的理解总结最近的进展,对象把有免疫力的回答提升到多样的外部刺激的发信号的中介的一个新兴的角色给予特别注意。 | Conor J Kearney Katrina L Randall Jane Oliaro | 2017 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2017，14，5： | 5 |
| 8 | Insights into the role of jasmonic acid-mediated defenses against necrotrophic and biotrophic fungal pathogens显示文摘Jasmonic 酸(JA ) 是涉及开发,对伤害的回答和病原体攻击的一个自然荷尔蒙管理者。在病原体的感觉之上, JA 被综合并且调停开始各种各样的防卫回答的发信号的串联。传统地, necrotrophic 真菌被显示了是通过 JA 受体的 JAdependent 防卫的主要使活跃之物, COI1。相反地,感染 biotrophic 真菌的植物古典主义地与压制调停 JA 的回答被联系了。然而,最近的证据显示出那某些 biotrophic 真菌的种类也触发调停 JA 的回答的激活,在 JA 发信号缺乏的异种在危险性显示出增加到某些 biotrophic 真菌的病原体。这些调查结果对真菌的 biotrophs 在防卫为 JA 建议一个新角色。这评论将集中于推进我们对 biotrophic 和 necrotrophic 真菌涉及防卫的 JA 家属回答的知识的最近的研究。 | Christopher J. ANTICO Chad COLON Taylor BANKS Katrina M. RAMONELL | 2012 | Frontiers in Biology2012，7，1： | 5 |
| 9 | Alcoholic pancreatitis:Lessons from the liver显示文摘The association between alcohol consumption and pancreatitis has been recognized for over 100 years. Despite the fact that this association is well recognized, the mechanisms by which alcohol abuse leads to pancreatic tissue damage are not entirely clear. Alcohol abuse is the major factor associated with pancreatitis in the Western world. Interestingly, although most cases of chronic pancreatitis and many cases of acute pancreatitis are associated with alcohol abuse, only a small percentage of individuals who abuse alcohol develop this disease. This situation is reminiscent of the association between alcohol abuse and the incidence of alcoholic liver disease. The liver and the pancreas are developmentally very closely related. Even though these two organs are quite different, they exhibit a number of general structural and functional similarities. Furthermore, the diseases mediated by alcohol abuse in these organs exhibit some striking similarities. The diseases in both organs are characterized by parenchymal cell damage, activation of stellate cells, aberrant wound healing, and fibrosis. Because of the similarities between the liver and the pancreas, and the alcohol-associated diseases of these organs, we may be able to apply much of the knowledge that we have gained regarding the effects of alcohol on the liver to the pancreas. | Dahn L Clemens Katrina J Mahan | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，11： | 5 |
| 10 | Evaluation of a point of care ultrasound curriculum for Indonesian physicians taught by fi rst-year medical students显示文摘BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the short-term efficacy of a 4-week ultrasound curriculum taught by American first-year medical students to general practitioners working in public health care clinics, or puskesmas, in Bandung, Indonesia.METHODS: We performed a prospective, observational study of Indonesian health care practitioners from public clinics in Bandung, Indonesia. These practitioners were enrolled in a 4-week ultrasound training course taught by first-year American medical students. A total of six sessions were held comprising of 38 ultrasound milestones. A pre-course and post-course written exam and practical exam was taken by each participant.RESULTS: We enrolled 41 clinicians in the course. The average pre-course exam score was 35.2% with a 2.4% pass rate, whereas the average post-course exam score was 82.0% with a 92.7% pass rate. The average practical score at the completion of the course was 83.2%(SD=0.145) with 82.9% of the class passing(score above 75.0%).CONCLUSION: Our data suggests that first-year medical students can effectively teach ultrasound to physicians in Indonesia using a 4-week intensive ultrasound training course. Future studies are needed to determine the amount of training required for proficiency and to evaluate the physicians' perceptions of the student-instructors' depth of knowledge and skill in point of care ultrasound. | Jonathan B.Lee Christina Tse Thomas Keown Michael Louthan Christopher Gabriel Alexander Anshus Bima Hasjim Katrina Lee Esther Kim Luke Yu Allen Yu Shadi Lahham Steven Bunch Maili Alvarado Abdulatif Gari John C.Fox | 2017 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2017，8，4： | 4 |
| 11 | Does low volume high-intensity interval training elicit superior benefits to continuous low to moderate-intensity training in cancer survivors?显示文摘AIM To determine the impact ofm low volume high-intensity interval training(LVHIIT) and continuous low to moderate-intensity exercise training(CLMIT) on cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk and health outcomes in cancer survivors.METHODS Sedentary cancer survivors(n=75,aged 51±12year)within 24 months of diagnosis,were randomised into three groups for 12 wk of LVHIIT(n=25),CLMIT(n=25)or control group(n=25).The exercise intervention involved 36 sessions(three sessions per week).The LVHIIT group performed 7 x 30 s intervals(≥85%predicted maximal heart rate)with a 60 s rest between intervals,and the CLMIT group performed continuous aerobic training for 20 min(≤55%predicted maximal heart rate)on a stationary bike.Outcome variables were measured at baseline and at12 weeks and analysed using a 3 x 2(group x time)repeated measures ANCOVA to evaluate main and interaction effects.RESULTS Significant improvements(time)were observed for seven of the 22 variables(ES 0.35-0.97,P≤0.05).There was an interaction effect(P<0.01)after 12 in the LVHIIT group for six-minute walk test(P<0.01;d=0.97;95%CI:0.36,1.56;large),sit to stand test(P<0.01;d=-0.83;95%CI:-1.40,-0.22;large)and waist circumference reduction(P=0.01;d=-0.48;95%CI:-1.10,0.10;medium).An interaction effect(P<0.01)was also observed for quality of life in both the LVHIIT(d=1.11;95CI:0.50,1.72;large)and CLMIT(d=0.57;95%CI:-0.00,1.20;moderate)compared with the control group(d=-0.15;95%CI:-0.95,0.65;trivial).CONCLUSION Low-volume high-intensity training shows promise as an effective exercise prescription within the cancer population,showing greater improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness,lower body strength and waist circumference compared with traditional CLMIT and control groups.Both LVHIIT and CLMIT improved quality of life.A proposed benefit of LVHIIT is the short duration(3 min)of exercise required,which may entice more cancer survivors to participate in exercise,improving health outcomes and lowing the risk of CVD. | Kellie Toohey Kate Pumpa Andrew McKune Julie Cooke Katrina D DuBose Desmond Yip Paul Craft Stuart Semple | 2018 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2018，9，1： | 3 |
| 12 | Descriptive analysis of estrogen receptor (ER)‐negative, progesterone receptor (PR)‐negative, and HER2‐negative invasive breast cancer, the so‐called triple‐negative phenotype显示文摘 | Katrina R.Bauer MonicaBrown Rosemary D.Cress Carol A.Parise VincentCaggiano | 2007 | Cancer2007，，9： | 3 |
| 13 | Diel and seasonal patterns of variation in the singing behaviour of Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis)显示文摘Background:The vocalizations of birds are dynamic traits that often vary in output with time of day and time of year.By quantifying patterns of diel and seasonal variation in vocal output,we can gain insight into the ecology and evolution of birds and the function of their vocalizations.In this investigation,we quantified diel and seasonal variation in song output by studying a breeding population of Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis).Methods:We used autonomous recorders to collect extensive recordings across the breeding season in a long-term, colour-marked study population of Savannah Sparrows in eastern Canada.We described diel and seasonal variation across five different breeding stages based on recordings of more than 50,000 songs from 34 males.Results:During the pre-breeding stage, prior to female arrival, males sang a pronounced dawn chorus with a peak in song output during the early morning.During the breeding stage,in contrast,the dawn chorus was diminished and males instead exhibited a pronounced dusk chorus with a peak in song output during the evening.Across the breeding season,the highest levels of song output occurred in late April and early May,soon after males arrived on the breeding grounds,and the lowest levels occurred in August,prior to the departure of birds for the wintering grounds.Conclusions:These patterns suggest that Savannah Sparrows' early-season dawn choruses are directed at males and serve a territorial defense function.Later-season dusk choruses,in contrast, appear to play a role in attracting mates and possibly acoustic mate guarding. | Ines G.Moran Katrina C.Lukianchuk Stephanie.M.Doucet Amy E.M.Newman Heather Williams D.Ryan Norris Daniel J.Mennill | 2019 | Avian Research2019，10，3： | 3 |
| 14 | The evolution of phenotypic plasticity in fish swimming显示文摘 | Christopher E. OUFIERO Katrina R. WHITLOW | 2016 | Current Zoology2016，62，5： | 2 |
| 15 | Quantitative research on the capacity of urban underground space – The case of Shanghai, China显示文摘 | Lei He Yan Song Shenzhi Dai Katrina Durbak | 2012 | Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology incorporating Trenchless Technology Research2012，，： | 2 |
| 16 | An inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase protects neonatal cardiac myocytes from ischemia显示文摘 | Katrina M Daria M R | 1999 | J Biol Chem1999，274，10： | 2 |
| 17 | Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery显示文摘 | Lingmin He Katrina Sheehy William Culbertson | 2011 | Current Opinion in Ophthalmology2011，，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Impact of urbanization on plant diversity: A case study in built-up areas of Beijing显示文摘Urbanization is developing rapidly in the world, which seriously changes the habitat of organisms and has clearly a nega-tive effect on biodiversity. Preservation of biodiversity is crucial in urban planning and management, which is also an important symbol for the level of greening. Problems such as scarcity of urban green space and plant species have become obstacles to the es-tablishment of ecological friendly cities. However, coexistence of nature and modernization, as well the coordination of economic development and biodiversity, are goals that people are seeking. We have taken the built-up areas of Beijing as a study case and dis-cussed the impacts of urbanization on plant diversity, with the support of fieldwork and SPOT remote sensing data. The results are as follows: 1) in the process of urbanization, exotic plants have been widely introduced, which has affected species composition and the proportion of native plants; it is clear that artificial green spaces always will have a lower level of plant diversity than natural green spaces; 2) functional differences of green space types partially decide their species abundance, so that plant diversity in greenbelts and streets is generally lower than in parks; 3) the spatial variety of plant diversity contributes much to the imbalance of district de-velopment and the planning of different functional zones; this variation is embodied in different ring-belts and directions; 4) habitat fragmentation also affects plant diversity to a great extent; there is a significant positive correlation between high fragmentation and low plant diversity. According our results, some suggestions are proposed, which would be suitable for the preservation of plant di-versity and ecological improvement during urbanization. | LIANG Yao-qin LI Jing-wen LI Jing Sanna Katrina VALIMAKI | 2008 | Forestry Studies in China2008，10，3： | 2 |
| 19 | 高生物多样性森林生态系统中的农业生产力和自然保护显示文摘农业发展是生境破坏的主导因素,而生境破坏则日益威胁着全球的生物多样性。为了更好地了解在具有重要自然保护意义的地区内农业扩张的可能性及影响,本文分析了生物多样性热点区有林部分和热带荒野地区的农业适宜性,尤其是拥有高密度特有种的区域。本研究运用地理信息系统技术,研究了世界范围内挑选出来的保护区域内6种作物类型的适宜性:这些区域具有高生物多样性,区域内有保护区(如国家公园),保护区周围有10km以林带为主的缓冲区。分析表明,不论是在商业还是在基本生存方案中,大多数作物类型的适宜性都很低,但也有一些例外。在大多数情况下,适当的规划可使农业与生物多样性共存而不相互损害。 | L.J.Gorenflo Katrina Brandon 王胜 | 2005 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2005，34，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Comparison of ultrasound-measured properties of the common carotid artery to tobacco smoke exposure in a cohort of Indonesian patients显示文摘BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to use point-of-care ultrasound(POCUS) to investigate the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and the characteristics of the common carotid artery(CCA). The effect of both primary and secondary smoking on CCA properties was evaluated.METHODS: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study across 20 primary care clinics in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia in July 2016. Point of care ultrasound was performed on a convenience sample of Indonesian patients presenting to clinic. The CCA wall stiffness and carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT) were measured during diastole and systole. These measurements were correlated with smoke exposure and cardiovascular disease.RESULTS: We enrolled 663 patients in the study, with 426 patients enrolled in the smoking category and 237 patients enrolled in the second-hand smoke category. There was an overall positive correlation with the measured lifestyle factors and the ultrasound-measured variables in the group of individuals who smoked. For all variables, age seemed to contribute the most out of all of the lifestyle factors for the positive changes in CIMT and CCA wall stiffness.CONCLUSION: Our data yielded correlations between CCA properties and cardiovascular risk, as well as between CIMT and arterial stiffness. We were also able to demonstrate an increase in thickness of the CIMT in patients who have been exposed by tobacco through the use of ultrasound. Further large scale studies comparing patients with multiple cardiac risk factors need to be performed to confi rm the utility of ultrasound fi ndings of cardiovascular disease and stroke. | Allen R.Yu Bima Hasjim Luke E.Yu Christopher Gabriel Alexander Anshus Jonathan B.Lee Michael J. Louthan Esther C.Kim Katrina Lee Christina Tse Thomas Keown Shadi Lahham Maili Alvarado Steven Bunch Abdulatif Gari J.Christian Fox | 2017 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2017，8，3： | 2 |
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