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| 1 | Overexpression of potato miR482e enhanced plant sensitivity to Verticillium dahliae infection显示文摘Verticillium wilt of potato is caused by the fungus pathogen Verticillium dahliae. Present s RNA sequencing data revealed that miR482 was in response to V. dahliae infection but the function in potato is elusive. Here, we characterized potato miR482 family and its putative role resistance to Verticillium wilt. Members of the potato mi R482 superfamily are variable in sequence, but all variants target a class of disease-resistance proteins with nucleotide binding site(NBS)and leucine-rich repeat(LRR) motifs. When potato plantlets were infected with V. dahliae, the expression level of miR482e was downregulated, and that of several NBS-LRR targets of miR482e were upregulated. Transgenic potato plantlets overexpressing miR482e showed hypersensitivity to V. dahliae infection. Using s RNA and degradome datasets, we validated that miR482e targets m RNAs of NBS-LRR disease-resistance proteins and triggers the production of trans-acting(ta)si RNAs, most of which target m RNAs of defense-related proteins. Thus, the hypersensitivity of transgenic potato could be explained by enhanced miR482e and miR482e-derived tasi RNA-mediated silencing on NBS-LRR-disease-resistance proteins. It is speculated that a miR482-mediated silencing cascade mechanism is involved in regulating potato resistance against V. dahliae infection and could be a counter defense action of plant in response to pathogen infection. | Liu Yang Xiaoying Mu Chao Liu Jinghui Cai Ke Shi Wenjiao Zhu Qing Yang | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2015，57，12： | 14 |
| 2 | Birefringent transmissive metalens with an ultradeep depth of focus and high resolution显示文摘Depth of focus(DOF) and transverse resolution define the longitudinal range and definition of the focusing lens.Although metasurface axilenses and light-sword metalenses with radial and angular modulations can elongate the DOF, these approaches have inherent limitations in being reliable only for small numerical aperture(NA) cases,which in turn compromises the transverse resolution for the given aperture dimension. To conquer this limitation, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a birefringent metalens, achieving an ultradeep DOF of 41λ in terms of the total scattered field, corresponding to a record-breaking wide NA range from 0.14 to 0.7. Meanwhile,the diffraction limited focal spot size in this NA range can guarantee acquisition of images with high resolution. A hybrid methodology is proposed that utilizes both the accuracy of holography in electromagnetic field reconstruction and the polarization multiplexing to double the DOF. A stratified transmissive meta-atom is utilized to encode a pair of independent phase profiles in two orthogonal polarization channels. Furthermore, we combine the generalized scattering matrix with the multipole expansion theory for the first time to elucidate the mechanism of maintaining high transmittance and widening the transmission phase coverage by using the multilayered structure. The proposed metalens provides a competitive platform for devising high-resolution deep DOF systems for imaging and detection applications. | Jiaran Qi Yongheng Mu Shaozhi Wang Zhiying Yin Jinghui Qiu | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，3： | 0 |
| 3 | Quantitative Evaluation of Leaf Inclination Angle Distribution on Leaf Area Index Retrieval of Coniferous Canopies显示文摘Both leaf inclination angle distribution(LAD)and leaf area index(LAI)dominate optical remote sensing signals.The G-function,which is a function of LAD and remote sensing geometry,is often set to 0.5 in the LAI retrieval of coniferous canopies even though this assumption is only valid for spherical LAD.Large uncertainties are thus introduced.However,because numerous tiny leaves grow on conifers,it is nearly impossible to quantitatively evaluate such uncertainties in LAI retrieval.In this study,we proposed a method to characterize the possible change of G-function of coniferous canopies as well as its effect on LAI retrieval.Specifically,a Multi-Directional Imager(MDI)was developed to capture stereo images of the branches,and the needles were reconstructed.The accuracy of the inclination angles calculated from the reconstructed needles was high.Moreover,we analyzed whether a spherical distribution is a valid assumption for coniferous canopies by calculating the possible range of the G-function from the measured LADs of branches of Larch and Spruce and the true G-functions of other species from some existing inventory data and threedimensional(3D)tree models.Results show that the constant G assumption introduces large errors in LAI retrieval,which could be as large as 53%in the zenithal viewing direction used by spaceborne LiDAR.As a result,accurate LAD estimation is recommended.In the absence of such data,our results show that a viewing zenith angle between 45 and 65 degrees is a good choice,at which the errors of LAI retrieval caused by the spherical assumption will be less than 10%for coniferous canopies. | Guangjian Yan Hailan Jiang Jinghui Luo Xihan Mu Fan Li Jianbo Qi Ronghai Hu Donghui Xie Guoqing Zhou | 2021 | Journal of Remote Sensing2021，，1： | 0 |
| 4 | Clinical Epidemiology,Illness Profiles,and the Implication of COVID-19 Before and After the Nationwide Omicron Outbreak During the Winter of 2022显示文摘China.In this study,we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in the Beijing region.Methods:In this retrospective study,we enrolled inpatients admitted for COVID-19 in the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing between November 10,2022,and January 30,2023.Demographic and clinical features and treatment outcomeswere comprehensively analyzed.We used logistic regression and linear regression analyses to explore the risk factors associated with disease severity and time of nucleic acid conversion,respectively.Results:A total of 1010 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were enrolled.The median age was 43.0 years(interquartile range,28.0–63.0),and patients aged<60 years and≥60 years comprised 71.2%and 28.8%of total included patients,respectively.The clinical classification of mild(74.6%,753/1010),moderate(21.0%,212/1010),severe(2.7%,27/1010),and unidentified(1.8%,18/1010)was separately recorded;1005 patients were discharged,and 5 patients died in the hospital.The outbreak of the emerging epidemic witnessed an evident increase in the proportion of moderate(42.9%vs.16.4%)and severe(10.3%vs.1.1%)cases after December 7,2022.Patients with a moderate/severe classification had higher levels of procalcitonin,IL-6,serum ferritin,C-reactive protein,lactic dehydrogenase,serum urea nitrogen,and D-dimer and lower counts of CD4+T,CD8+T,and B cells(all P<0.001).Multivariable regression analysis revealed that increased odds of disease severity were associated with the following factors:age≥60 years,IL-6>7 pg/mL,lactic dehydrogenase level>245 U/L,cough,and fever at admission.Age≥80 years and chronic lung diseasewere independent risk factors in the nonmild group in elderly patients.In addition,the duration for nucleic acid to turn negativewas approximately 5.0 d(interquartile range,3.0–7.0).Prolonged time of nucleic acid conversion was associated with age≥60 years,serum urea nitrogen level>8.2 mmol/L,neutrophil count>7×10^(9)/L,and the presence of a chronic lung disease or carcinoma.Finally,unvaccinated patients accounted for 37.3%of enrolled patients;children and the elder people accounted for approximately half of that.The univariable analysis found that booster doses reduced disease severity and shortened the time of nucleic acid conversion in elderly patients.Conclusions:The outbreak ofOmicron rapidly increased the number of patientswith COVID-19 in Beijing.In elderly patients,booster doses may reduce disease severity and shorten the time of nucleic acid conversion.Healthcare systems should be optimized before an emerging epidemic outbreak. | Yuming Guo Zhe Xu Wen-Xin Wang Cheng Zhen Jinhua Hu Jinsong Mu Chengcheng Ji Xin Yuan Ruonan Xu Lei Huang Lei Shi Fanping Meng Junliang Fu Shuangnan Zhou Siyu Wang Fengyi Li Bo Tu Dawei Zhang Huihuang Huang Yufeng Mao Wen Xu Chao Zhang Xiuying Mu Jun Zhao Bo Jin Haibin Su Yinying Lu Yongqian Cheng Dong Ji Shaoli You Jinghui Dong Changchun Liu Mengmeng Zhang Yuanyuan Li Tianjun Jiang Yonggang Li Fu-Sheng Wang | 2023 | Infectious Diseases & Immunity2023，3，4： | 0 |
| 5 | Changes and Significance of Cytokines in Serum of Rabbits with Acute Pulmonary Embolism显示文摘Objective:To observe the changes of cytokines in serum of rabbits with acute pulmonary embolism,and to provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment of the disease.Methods:The animal models of pulmonary embolism were established in 26 healthy rabbits by autologous thrombus reinfusion and normal saline injection,and the serum levels of cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1β,HGF)in the two groups were monitored by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:The expression levels of serum inflammatory cytokines(TNF-α,IL-1β)increased in both groups of rabbits within 1-3 hours of the acute stage of embolism,but the expression levels of serum inflammatory cytokines in experimental group of rabbits with pulmonary embolism caused by thrombosis increased more obviously.There was no significant change in serum HGF of rabbits before and after embolization in group B.The serum HGF content of experimental rabbits at 1 h,3 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after embolization was significantly higher than that before embolization.And in the acute stage of embolism(1-12 hours),it showed a gradual upward trend.Conclusions:The expression level of serum growth factor is different in different acute stages of pulmonary embolism.Detecting serum cytokines in rabbits with acute pulmonary embolism is of great reference significance for improving clinical diagnosis. | Yulong Liang Jianjing Liang Wenjing Feng Jinghui Mu | 2022 | Journal of Integrative Medicine(双语)2022，11，1： | 0 |
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