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| 1 | Effects of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure on Fuji apple quality,yield and soil fertility in apple orchard on the Loess Plateau of China显示文摘To evaluate the effects of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure on apple yield,quality and soil fertility,an experiment was conducted in an apple orchard on the Loess Plateau of China.Six treatments,i.e.,1)no nitrogen(N)with chemical phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)(PK),2)no P with chemical N and K(NK),3)no K with chemical N and P(NP),4)N,P and K chemical fertilizers only(NPK),5)swine manure(M)only(M),and 6)half chemical fertilizers combined with half swine manure(NPKM)were included with three replications for each.The NPKM treatment achieved 36.9 t/ha average annual yield,which was 42.5%greater than the yield of PK treatment.The average annual yields followed the sequence of NPKM>NPK>M>NK>NP>PK.In NPKM treatment 71.3%of the collected apples had an apple diameter greater than 80 mm compared with 58.2%,41.5%and 37.2%in NK,PK and NP treatments,respectively.The sugar to acid(S:A)ratio was the greatest in NPKM treatment.The results of Vitamin C,soluble solid and firmness showed that NPKM treatment had the highest values.The concentration of soil organic carbon(SOC)in the 0 to 20 cm depth of soil was significantly affected by addition of M.Compared to the antecedent soil properties,the SOCS in the NPKM and M treatments were increased by 28.8%,29.4%,and TN contents were 56.5,49.8%more for soil at 0-20 cm depths,respectively.The major soil nutrients of N,P and K were also significantly increased by M and NPKM treatments in surface soil for five years.The data support the conclusion that,for a production of 35-40 t/ha in an apple orchard on the Loess Plateau of China,the 25-30 t/ha organic manure,160-200 kg/ha N,100-150 kg/ha P2O5 and 120-160 kg/ha K2O were the most suitable fertilizer application.The finding will be helpful for harmonious development of apple production technology,economic income increase for farmers,and improvement of the apple orchard ecosystem. | Zhao Zuoping Yan Sha Liu Fen Ji Puhui Wang Xiaoying Tong Yan’an | 2014 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2014，7，2： | 17 |
| 2 | Effects of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Treatment on Pentachlorophenol Removal of Granular Activated Carbon显示文摘The pentachlorophenol(PCP)adsorbed granular activated carbon(GAC)was treated by dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)plasma.The effects of DBD plasma on the structure of GAC and PCP decomposition were analyzed by N_2 adsorption,thermogravimetric,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and gas chromatographymass spectrometry(GC-MS).The experimental data of adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of PCP on GAC were fitted with different kinetics and isotherm models,respectively.The results indicate that the types of N_2 adsorption isotherm of GAC are not changed by DBD plasma,while the specific surface area and pore volume increase after DBD plasma treatment.It is found that the weight loss of the saturated GAC is the highest,on the contrary,the weight loss of DBD treated GAC is the least because of reduced PCP residue on the GAC.The XPS spectra and SEM image suggest that some PCP on the GAC is removed by DBD plasma,and the surface of GAC treated by DBD plasma presents irregular and heterogeneous morphology.The GC-MS identification of by-products shows that two main dechlorination intermediate products,tetrachlorophenol and trichlorophenol,are distinguished.The fitting results of experimental data of adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics indicate that the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second order models can be used for the prediction of the kinetics of virgin GAC and DBD treated GAC for PCP adsorption,and the Langmuir isotherm model fits better with the data of adsorption isotherm than the Freundlich isotherm in the adsorption of PCP on virgin GAC and DBD treated GAC. | JI Puhui QU Guangzhou LI Jie | 2013 | Plasma Science and Technology2013，15，10： | 1 |
| 3 | Stabilization of Cd and Pb in the contaminated soils by applying modified fly ash显示文摘This study investigated the stabilization of heavy metals by adding modified fly ash(FA)to contaminated soils,and two similar materials,NaOH-zeolite(ZE)and natural zeolite(ZO)were introduced into the soils for comparison.Column leaching tests were conducted to analyze the difference of stabilization effects between the three materials.Leaching columns were run for 6 months,and a considerable stabilization of heavy metals in the soils was observed.The concentration of cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)in the amended soil substantially decreased(p<0.05).The results indicated that after 11 weeks of column leaching,Cd and Pb concentrations in the soil leachate decreased to below the detection limit due to amendment stabilization.Among the three amendments,the ZE amendment showed the optimum capacity for heavy metal immobilisation in the soils.In addition,after 6 months of leaching,Pb and Cd concentrations in the soils with the three different amendments decreased to various degrees.The amendments of modified FA and ZE were better than those of natural ZO.Coal FA,after modification,is a useful amendment for the remediation of heavy metals in the contaminated soil. | Fuhao Liu Xunrong Huang Hanghang Zhao Xiongfei Hu Lu Wang Xin Zhao Pengcheng Gao Puhui Ji | 2021 | Soil Ecology Letters2021，3，3： | 0 |
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