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| 1 | Objective assessment of bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease using evolutionary algorithms:clinical validation显示文摘Background:There is an urgent need for developing objective,effective and convenient measurements to help clinicians accurately identify bradykinesia.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of an objective approach assessing bradykinesia in finger tapping(FT)that uses evolutionary algorithms(EAs)and explore whether it can be used to identify early stage Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:One hundred and seven PD,41 essential tremor(ET)patients and 49 normal controls(NC)were recruited.Participants performed a standard FT task with two electromagnetic tracking sensors attached to the thumb and index finger.Readings from the sensors were transmitted to a tablet computer and subsequently analyzed by using EAs.The output from the device(referred to as'PD-Monitor')scaled from−1 to+1(where higher scores indicate greater severity of bradykinesia).Meanwhile,the bradykinesia was rated clinically using the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale(MDS-UPDRS)FT item.Results:With an increasing MDS-UPDRS FT score,the PD-Monitor score from the same hand side increased correspondingly.PD-Monitor score correlated well with MDS-UPDRS FT score(right side:r=0.819,P=0.000;left side:r=0.783,P=0.000).Moreover,PD-Monitor scores in 97 PD patients with MDS-UPDRS FT bradykinesia and each PD subgroup(FT bradykinesia scored from 1 to 3)were all higher than that in NC.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves revealed that PD-Monitor FT scores could detect different severity of bradykinesia with high accuracy(≥89.7%)in the right dominant hand.Furthermore,PD-Monitor scores could discriminate early stage PD from NC,with area under the ROC curve greater than or equal to 0.899.Additionally,ET without bradykinesia could be differentiated from PD by PD-Monitor scores.A positive correlation of PD-Monitor scores with modified Hoehn and Yahr stage was found in the left hand sides.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that a simple to use device employing classifiers derived from EAs could not only be used to accurately measure different severity of bradykinesia in PD,but also had the potential to differentiate early stage PD from normality. | Chao Gao Stephen Smith Michael Lones Stuart Jamieson Jane Alty Jeremy Cosgrove Pingchen Zhang Jin Liu Yimeng Chen Juanjuan Du Shishuang Cui Haiyan Zhou Shengdi Chen | 2018 | Translational Neurodegeneration2018，7，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle injection for oncological therapy显示文摘The minimal invasiveness and precision of endoscopicultrasound(EUS) has lead to both its widespread use as a diagnostic and staging modality for gastrointestinal and pancreaticobiliary malignancies, and to its expand-ing role as a therapeutic modality. EUS-guided celiac plexus neurolysis is now a well-accepted modality for palliation of pain in patients with pancreatic cancer. EUS-guided ablation, brachytherapy, fiducial marker placement, and antitumor agent injection have been described as methods of performing minimally invasive oncological therapy. EUS-fine needle injection may be performed as adjunctive, alternative, or palliative treatment. This review summarizes the studies to date that have described these methods. A literature search using the Pub Med/MEDLINE databases was performed. While most published studies to date are limited with disappointing outcomes, the concept of a role of EUS in oncological therapy seems promising. | Jeremy Kaplan Amaara Khalid Natalie Cosgrove Ayesha Soomro Syed Mohsin Mazhar Ali A Siddiqui | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2015，7，12： | 2 |
| 3 | Abdominal tuberculosis: diagnosis and demographics, a 10-year retrospective review from a single centre显示文摘AIM: To review all cases of abdominal tuberculosis(ATB) for demographic details, diagnostic work up and evidence of vitamin D deficiency.METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of all patients diagnosed with ATB from June 2003 to August 2013 at St George's Hospital, London. Demographic data was available from the local tuberculosis database. Further clinical information was collected from electronic patient records, including radiology, endoscopy, microbiology, histology, biochemistry and serology. Patients were classified as either confirmed ATB [if mycobacteria tuberculosis(MTB) was cultured from abdominal site] or presumed ATB(if suggestive findings or high clinical suspicion). Subtypes of ATB were classified as tuberculosis(TB) peritonitis, luminal TB, solid organ TB or from a combination of sites.RESULTS: There were a total of 65 cases identified in this time period, with a mean of 6.5 cases per year(range 4-9). Mean age 42 years, 49.2% females. Fifty-two point three percent were South Asian, 38.5% African. Forty-nine point two percent had gastrointestinal endoscopy, 30.8% paracentesis and 24.6% surgery in order to obtain samples. Forty-seven point seven percent were defined as confirmed ATB with positive culture of MTB from abdominal sites, the rest were treated as presumed ATB. Twenty-four point six percent had co-existing sputum culture positive for MTB, and 30.8% had an abnormal chest X-ray. Subtypes of ATB: 35.4% had TB peritonitis; 27.7% luminal TB; 3.1% solid organ TB; and 33.8% TB at a combination of abdominal sites. Thirteen point nine percent were human immunodeficiency virus positive, all with CD4 count less than 300 cells/μL. Seventy point five percent had severe vitamin D deficiency, and 25% were vitamin D deficient.CONCLUSION: ATB mainly affects young South Asian and African patients, with difficulties in confirming diagnosis despite a range of non-invasive and invasive diagnostic tests. | Jeremy S Nayagam Claire Mullender Catherine Cosgrove Andrew Poullis | 2016 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2016，4，8： | 1 |
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