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4篇 您的检索式:作者名="Jen Hawkins"
    题名 作者 年代 出处 被引量
1ABDOMINAL VASCULAR CATASTROPHES显示文摘Jens Eldrup-Jorgensen Robert E. Hawkins Carl E. Bredenberg 1997Surgical Clinics of North America1997,,6:1
2A Framework for Verifying SLA Compliance in Coposed Services 显示文摘Hua Xiao Brian Chan Ying Zou Jay W Benayon Bill O'Farrell Elena Litani Jen Hawkins 2008IEEE Com- puter Society2008,,:1
3Marine biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities for tropical reefs显示文摘Roberts CM McClean C J Veron JEN Hawkins JP Allen GR McAllister DE Mittermeier CG Schueler FW Spalding M Wells F Vynne C Wemer TB 0,,5558:1
4Refining scientific procedures involving animals to reduce suffering and improve scientific validity显示文摘Refinement of procedures and models that use living animals makes a real difference to scientific validity,data quality and animal welfare. Refinements can be small and iterative and are frequently introduced without a premeditated plan,as part of general procedure development. Whilst this is encouraging, integrating refinement into experimental design is critical to reduction of suffering. A well put together welfare assessment protocol,established through a detailed analysis of each step of the model or procedure,is a very important tool for implementing refinements. This paper will give practical steps for identification of suffering in animals used for scientific purposes and provide examples of refinements to reduce suffering and improve welfare.Elliot Lilley Penny Hawkins Maggy Jennings Paul Littlefair Nikki Osborne Barney Reed 2013中国比较医学杂志2013,23,1:0
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