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| 1 | Accuracy of urea breath test in Helicobacter pylori infection: Meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To quantitatively summarize and appraise the available evidence of urea breath test(UBT) use to diagnose Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection in patients with dyspepsia and provide pooled diagnostic accuracy measures.METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library and other databases for studies addressing the value of UBT in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection. We included cross-sectional studies that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of UBT in adult patients with dyspeptic symptoms. Risk of bias was assessed using QUADAS(Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies)-2 tool. Diagnostic accuracy measures were pooled using the random-effects model. Subgroup analysis was conducted by UBT type(13C vs 14C) and by measurement technique(Infrared spectrometry vs Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry).RESULTS: Out of 1380 studies identified, only 23 met the eligibility criteria. Fourteen studies(61%) evaluated 13 C UBT and 9 studies(39%) evaluated 14 C UBT. There was significant variation in the type of reference standard tests used across studies.Pooled sensitivity was 0.96(95%CI: 0.95-0.97) andpooled specificity was 0.93(95%CI: 0.91-0.94). Likelihood ratio for a positive test was 12 and for a negative test was 0.05 with an area under thecurve of 0.985. Meta-analyses were associated with a significant statistical heterogeneity that remained unexplained after subgroup analysis. The included studies had a moderate risk of bias.CONCLUSION: UBT has high diagnostic accuracy for detecting H. pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia. The reliability of diagnostic meta-analytic estimates however is limited by significant heterogeneity. | Mazen Ferwana Imad Abdulmajeed Ali Alhajiahmed Wedad Madani Belal Firwana Rim Hasan Osama Altayar Paul J Limburg Mohammad Hassan Murad Bandar Knawy | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，4： | 45 |
| 2 | Technical efficiency of hybrid maize growers: A stochastic frontier model approach显示文摘This study investigated the effect of credit constraints and credit unconstraints on the technical efficiency of hybrid maize growers in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province(KPK) of Pakistan. The primary data were collected by a direct elicitation method from 510 maize growers of KPK Province. Stochastic frontier model techniques were used for technical efficiency analyses. The results revealed that the mean technical efficiency difference between the two groups was 10.2%. The results of technical inefficiency effect modeling demonstrated that education of the household head, family size, number of married family members, off-farm income, farming experience, tractor drill, water irrigation through a lined course, certified seed, extension services, household saving variables, and a credit size variable had positive effects on technical efficiency for both credit constrained farmers(CCFs) and credit unconstrained farmers(UCCFs). In addition, age of household head and fragmented land values had negative effects on technical efficiency for both groups. However, the interest rate had positive and negative impacts on the technical efficiency of CCFs and UCCFs, respectively. Our results have significant implications for policies related to land use, interest rate, and banking sector expansion in the rural areas of Pakistan. | Imad Ali HUO Xue-xi Imran Khan Hashmat Ali Khan Baz Sufyan Ullah Khan | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，10： | 3 |
| 3 | Prevalence of hypothyroidism and effect of thyroid hormone replacement therapy in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:A population-based study显示文摘BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is currently considered as the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide.Risk factors for NAFLD have been well-described,including obesity,type 2 diabetes mellites(T2DM),dyslipidemia(DLP)and metabolic syndrome.Hypothyroidism has been identified as an independent risk factor for the development of NAFLD,although the literature is inconsistent AIM To evaluate the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with NAFLD,assess if it is an independent risk factor and explore the effect of thyroxine replacement therapy.METHODS Our cohort’s data was obtained using a validated,large,multicenter database(Explorys Inc,Cleveland,OH,United States)aggregated from pooled outpatient and inpatient records of 26 different healthcare systems,consisting of a total of 360 hospitals in the United States,and utilizing Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms for coding.We evaluated a cohort of patients with hypothyroidism and NAFLD.Multivariate analysis was performed to adjust for confounding risk factors including hypertension(HTN),T2DM,DLP,obesity and metabolic syndrome.SPSS version 25,IBM Corp was used for statistical analysis,and for all analyses,a 2-sided P value of<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Exclusion criteria were limited to age<18 years.RESULTS Among the 37648180 included individuals in this database who are above the age of 18 years,there were a total of 2320 patients with NAFLD(6.16 per 100000)in the last five years(2015-2020),amongst which 520 patients(22.4%)had hypothyroidism.Baseline characteristics of patients in this database are described in Table 1.Patients with NAFLD were also more likely to have obesity,T2DM,DLP,HTN,and metabolic syndrome(Table 2).While males and females were equally affected,patients in the age group 18-65 years as well as Caucasians seem to be at a higher risk.There was an increased risk of NAFLD among patients with hypothyroidism(OR=1.587).Furthermore,thyroid hormone replacement was not associated with a decreased risk for developing NAFLD(OR=1.106,C=0.952-1.285,P=0.303).CONCLUSION Hypothyroidism seems to be an independent risk factor for the development of NAFLD.Thyroid hormone replacement did not provide a statistically significant risk reduction.Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of thyroid hormone replacement and assess if being euthyroid while on thyroid replacement therapy affects development and/or progression of NAFLD. | Ashraf Almomani Asif Ali Hitawala Prabhat Kumar Sura Alqaisi Dana Alshaikh Motasem Alkhayyat Imad Asaad | 2022 | World Journal of Hepatology2022，14，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Structural and optoelectronic properties of CsLnZnTe_(3)(Ln=La,Pr,Nd and Sm)显示文摘Zinc telluride is a versatile wide band gap semiconductor used in many applications.But it has certain limitations like large dimensions and large band gaps.Introducing alkali metal to its bulk lattice(3D)can reduce its dimensions and lanthanide can produce a red shift in the energy gap by converting it into quaternary compounds.The alkali and lanthanide incorporated quaternary zinc tellurides CsLnZnTe_(3)(Ln=La,Pr,Nd and Sm)form layered crystal structure in which_(∞)^(2)[LnZnTe_(3)]-layers are separated by Cs+layer.The famous lanthanide contraction is experimental both from lattice constants and bond lengths.The calculated band gaps are 2.26,2.28,2.12,2.05 eV for CsLaZnTe_(3),CsPrZnTe_(3),CsNdZnTe_(3) and CsSmZnTe_(3),respectively.These compounds show direct band gap nature.The energy band gaps of these compounds have not been evaluated yet both experimentally and theoretically.Energy loss functions,refractive index and dielectric functions were also calculated to explore the potential applications of CsLnZnTe_(3) in optoelectronic devices. | Imad Khan Ihsan Ullah Izaz Ul Haq Akbar Ali A.Dahshan Zahid Ali Iftikhar Ahmad | 2023 | Journal of Rare Earths2023，41，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Hydatid Cyst of the Kidney: Diagnosis and Treatment显示文摘 | Saadeddine Zmerli M.D. Mohsen Ayed M.D. Ali Horchani M.D. Imad Chami M.D. Mounir El Ouakdi M.D. Mohamed Riadh Ben Slama M.D | 2001 | World Journal of Surgery2001，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Regional gradient observability for semilinear hyperbolic systems: HUM approach显示文摘纸试图扩大坡度的地区性的 observability 的观点到 semilinear 夸张大小写,以便重建在领域进化的一个分区的起始的条件的坡度。我们以一个 asymptotically 线性的系统开始,途径基于 Hilbert 唯一方法(嗡嗡声) 和 Schauders 的延期固定的点定理。分析导致数字地成功地与例子和模拟被实现并且说明的一个算法。 | Adil KHAZARI Ali BOUTOULOUT Imad EL HARRAKI | 2018 | Control Theory and Technology2018，16，1： | 0 |
| 7 | Robust Half-Metallicity and Magnetic Properties of Cubic Perovskite CaFeO_(3)显示文摘Theoretical studies of the cubic perovskite CaFeO3 are performed using the full potential linearized augmented plane-wave method with GGA+U.The calculated structural parameters are consistent with the experimental results.The tolerance factor reveals the cubic phase of the compound.The spin polarized electronic band structures and densities of states as well as the integer value of the magnetic moment of the unit cell(4μB)demonstrate that CaFeO_(3)is half metal.Ferromagnetism in CaFeO_(3)is due to Fe^(+4)–O^(2)–Fe^(+4)superexchange interaction.The robust properties of the compound show that with their compression up to a certain critical lattice constant,known as the robust transition lattice constant,an abrupt change in the electronic and magnetic properties occurs;the compounds lose their integer magnetic moment and become metallic. | Zahid Ali Iftikhar Ahmad Banaras Khan Imad Khan | 2013 | Chinese Physics Letters2013，30，4： | 0 |
| 8 | A Machine Learning-Based Attack Detection and Prevention System in Vehicular Named Data Networking显示文摘Named Data Networking(NDN)is gaining a significant attention in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks(VANET)due to its in-network content caching,name-based routing,and mobility-supporting characteristics.Nevertheless,existing NDN faces three significant challenges,including security,privacy,and routing.In particular,security attacks,such as Content Poisoning Attacks(CPA),can jeopardize legitimate vehicles with malicious content.For instance,attacker host vehicles can serve consumers with invalid information,which has dire consequences,including road accidents.In such a situation,trust in the content-providing vehicles brings a new challenge.On the other hand,ensuring privacy and preventing unauthorized access in vehicular(VNDN)is another challenge.Moreover,NDN’s pull-based content retrieval mechanism is inefficient for delivering emergency messages in VNDN.In this connection,our contribution is threefold.Unlike existing rule-based reputation evaluation,we propose a Machine Learning(ML)-based reputation evaluation mechanism that identifies CPA attackers and legitimate nodes.Based on ML evaluation results,vehicles accept or discard served content.Secondly,we exploit a decentralized blockchain system to ensure vehicles’privacy by maintaining their information in a secure digital ledger.Finally,we improve the default routing mechanism of VNDN from pull to a push-based content dissemination using Publish-Subscribe(Pub-Sub)approach.We implemented and evaluated our ML-based classification model on a publicly accessible BurST-Asutralian dataset for Misbehavior Detection(BurST-ADMA).We used five(05)hybrid ML classifiers,including Logistic Regression,Decision Tree,K-Nearest Neighbors,Random Forest,and Gaussian Naive Bayes.The qualitative results indicate that Random Forest has achieved the highest average accuracy rate of 100%.Our proposed research offers the most accurate solution to detect CPA in VNDN for safe,secure,and reliable vehicle communication. | Arif Hussain Magsi Ali Ghulam Saifullah Memon Khalid Javeed Musaed Alhussein Imad Rida | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，77，11： | 0 |
| 9 | Optoelectronic and elastic properties of metal halides double perovskites Cs_(2)InBiX_(6)(X = F, Cl, Br, I)显示文摘Structural geometry, electronic band gaps, density of states, optical and mechanical properties of double perovskite halides Cs2InBiX6(X = F, Cl, Br, I) are investigated using the density functional theory. These compounds possess genuine perovskite stoichiometry, evaluated using various geometry-based indices like tolerance factor, octahedral factor, and formation energy. The fundamental electronic band gaps are direct and valued in the range 0.80–2.79 e V. These compounds have narrow band gaps(except Cs2InBiX6) due to strong orbital coupling of the cations. The valence band maximum and conduction band minimum are confirmed to be essentially of In 5 s and Bi 6 p characters, respectively. The splitting of Bi 6 p bands due to strong spin-orbit coupling causes reduction in the band gaps. These compounds have large dispersion in their bands and very low carrier effective masses. The substitution of halogen atoms has great influence on the optical properties. The mechanical properties reveal that Cs2InBiX6(X = F, Cl, Br, I) satisfy the stability criteria in cubic structures. | Muhammad Saeed Izaz Ul Haq Shafiq Ur Rehman Akbar Ali Wajid Ali Shah Zahid Ali Qasim Khan Imad Khan | 2021 | Chinese Optics Letters2021，19，3： | 0 |
| 10 | Molecular Characterization of Olive Cultivars in Iraq Using SSR Markers and Compare with Phenotypic Characterization显示文摘 | Iqbal Harbi Salwa Jaber A1-Awadi Ali Imad Mohammad Moner | 2012 | Journal of Life Sciences2012，6，12： | 0 |
| 11 | Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with nephrotic syndrome:A population-based study显示文摘BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is a global health concern with a prevalence of about 25% amongst United States adults. Its increased prevalence is attributed to increase in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome, partly due to similar mechanisms of injury. Nephrotic syndrome(NS) is a clinical entity resulting from extensive proteinuria leading to hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, edema, and other complications. Given its association with hyperlipidemia, there is concern that patients with NS may be at increased risk of NAFLD.AIM To perform a cross-sectional population-based study to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD in patients with NS.METHODS A large multicenter database(Explorys Inc., Cleveland, OH, United States) was utilized for this retrospective cohort study. A cohort of 49700 patients with a diagnosis of “Non-Alcoholic fatty liver disease” using the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms(SNOMED-CT) between 1999-2022 was identified. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years, presence of NAFLD, presence of NS. There were no specific exclusion criteria. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to adjust for multiple risk factors including age, gender, Caucasian race, NS, type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. Statistical analysis was conducted using R, and for all analyses, a 2-sided P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS Among the 78734750 individuals screened in this database, there were a total of 49700 subjects with NAFLD. In univariate analysis, the odds of having NAFLD in patients with NS, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, dyslipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease were 14.84 [95% confidence interval(95%CI) 13.67-16.10], 17.05(95%CI 16.78-17.32), 6.99(95%CI 6.87-7.11), 13.61(95%CI 13.38-13.84), 19.19(95%CI 18.89-19.50), 29.09(95%CI 28.26--29.95), and 9.05(95%CI 8.88-9.22), respectively. In multivariate analysis, the odds of having NAFLD amongst patients with NS were increased to 1.85(95%Cl 1.70-2.02), while the odds were also remained high in patients that have type 2 diabetes mellitus [odds ratio(OR) 3.84], hypothyroidism(OR 1.57), obesity(OR 5.10), hyperlipidemia(OR 3.09), metabolic syndrome(OR 3.42) and chronic kidney disease(OR 1.33).CONCLUSION Patients with NS are frequently found to have NAFLD, even when adjusting for common risk factors. Hence, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion regarding presence of NAFLD in patients with NS. | Somtochukwu Stephen Onwuzo Asif Ali Hitawala Antoine Boustany Prabhat Kumar Ashraf Almomani Chidera Onwuzo Jessy Mascarenhas Monteiro Imad Asaad | 2023 | World Journal of Hepatology2023，15，2： | 0 |
| 12 | AdaptiveMutate:a technique for privacy preservation显示文摘Mobile apps are known to be rich sources for gathering privacy-sensitive information about smartphone users.Despite the presence of encryption,passive network adversaries who have access to the network infrastructure can eavesdrop on the traffic and therefore fingerprint a user’s app by means of packet-level traffic analysis.Since it is difficult to prevent the adversaries from accessing the network,providing secrecy in hostile environments becomes a serious concern.In this study,we propose AdaptiveMutate,a privacy-leak thwarting technique to defend against the statistical traffic analysis of apps.First,we present a method for the identification of mobile apps using traffic analysis.Further,we propose a confusion system in which we obfuscate packet lengths,and/or inter-arrival time information leaked by the mobile traffic to make it hard for intruders to differentiate between the altered app traffic and the actual one using statistical analysis.Our aim is to shape one class of app traffic to obscure its features with the minimum overhead.Our system strives to dynamically maximize its efficiency by matching each app with the corresponding most dissimilar app.Also,AdaptiveMutate has an adaptive capability that allows it to choose the most suitable feature to mutate,depending on the type of apps analyzed and the classifier used,if known.We evaluate the efficiency of our model by conducting a comprehensive simulation analysis that mutates different apps to each other using AdaptiveMutate.We conclude that our algorithm is most efficient when we mutate a feature of one app to its most dissimilar one in another app.When applying the identification technique,we achieve a classification accuracy of 91.1%.Then,using our obfuscation technique,we are able to reduce this accuracy to 7%.Also,we test our algorithm against a recently published approach for mobile apps classification and we are able to reduce its accuracy from 94.8%to 17.9%.Additionally,we analyze the tradeoff between the shaping cost and traffic privacy protection,specifically,the associated overhead and the feasibility for real-time implementation. | Louma Chaddad Ali Chehab Imad H.Elhajj Ayman Kayssi | 2019 | Digital Communications and Networks2019，5，4： | 0 |
| 13 | Role of urine studies in asymptomatic febrile neutropenic patients presenting to the emergency department显示文摘BACKGROUND: The role of urine studies in the detection of urinary tract infection(UTI) in febrile neutropenic patients with urinary symptoms(having a urinary catheter or having a positive urine analysis) is inarguable. However, the evidence is scarce regarding the indication for urine studies in asymptomatic(i.e., without urinary symptoms) patients with febrile neutropenia(FN) presenting to the emergency department(ED). The aim of this study is to evaluate the need for obtaining urine studies in asymptomatic febrile neutropenic patients.METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted on adult cancer patients who presented to the ED with FN and had no urinary symptoms. We included all ED presentations of eligible patients between January 2013 and September 2018. Student's t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used for continuous data, while Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for categorical data. Participants were divided into two groups based on their urine culture(UC) results: negative and positive UCs. Two cut-offs were used for positive UC results: ≥10~5 cfu/m L and ≥10~4 cfu/m L.RESULTS: We included 284 patients in our study. The age of our patient population was 48.5±18.5 years. More than two-thirds(68.7%) of patients had severe neutropenia, while only 3.9% and 9.9% of the patients had positive UCs at ≥10~5 cfu/m L and ≥10~4 cfu/m L, respectively. UCs were expectedly positive in most patients with urinalysis(UA) abnormalities. However, 27.3% and 32.1% of patients with positive UCs at ≥10~5 cfu/m L and ≥10~4 cfu/m L respectively had a normal UA. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, the incidence of UTI in adult febrile neutropenic cancer patients who present to the ED without urinary symptoms is low. Consequently, routine urine testing may not be warranted in this population, as it adds unnecessary financial burdens on the patients and delays timely management. | Hady Zgheib Aline El Zakhem Cynthia Wakil Mohamad Ali Cheaito Rola Cheaito Antoine Finianos Ralphe Bou Chebl Rima Kaddoura Nader Al Souky Imad El Majzoub | 2021 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2021，12，2： | 0 |
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