| 1 | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Indonesia:epidemiology,incidence,signs,and symptoms at presentation显示文摘Among all head and neck (H&N) cancers,nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) represents a distinct entity regarding epidemiology,clinical presentation,biological markers,carcinogenic risk factors,and prognostic factors.NPC is endemic in certain regions of the world,especially in Southeast Asia,and has a poor prognosis.In Indonesia,the recorded mean prevalence is 6.2/100 000,with 13 000 yearly new NPC cases,but otherwise little is documented on NPC in Indonesia.Here,we report on a group of 1121 NPC patients diagnosed and treated at Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital,Jakarta,Indonesia between 1996 and 2005.We studied NPC incidence among all H&N cancer cases (n=6000) observed in that period,focusing on age and gender distribution,the ethnic background of patients,and the disease etiology.We also analyzed most prevalent signs and symptoms and staging of NPC patients at first presentation.In this study population,NPC was the most frequent H&N cancer (28.4%),with a male-to-female ratio of 2.4,and was endemic in the Javanese population.Interestingly,NPC appeared to affect patients at a relatively young age (20% juvenile cases) without a bimodal age distribution.Mostly,NPC initiated in the fossa of Rosenmuller and spreaded intracranially or locally as a mass in the head.Occasionally,NPC developed at the submucosal level spreading outside the anatomic limits of the nasopharynx.At presentation,NPC associated with hearing problems,serous otitis media,tinnitus,nasal obstruction,anosmia,bleeding,difficulty in swallowing and dysphonia,and even eye symptoms with diplopia and pain.The initial diagnosis is difficult to make because early signs and symptoms of NPC are not specific to the disease.Early-age Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection combined with frequent exposure to environmental carcinogenic co-factors is suggested to cause NPC development.Undifferentiated NPC is the most frequent histological type and is closely associated with EBV.Expression of the EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1(LMP1) oncogene in biopsy material was compared between NPC patients of <30 years old and those of ≥30 years old,matched for sex and tumor stage.Higher LMP1 expression in patients of <30 years old was observed,which was related to more locoregional progressivity.Increased medical awareness of prevailing early stage signs and symptoms coupled to use of EBV-related diagnostic tumor markers may lead to down-staging and timely treatment to improve survival of patients with this aggressive disease. | Marlinda Adham Antonius N.Kurniawan Arina Ika Muhtadi Averdi Roezin Bambang Hermani Soehartati Gondhowiardjo I Bing Tan Jaap M.Middeldorp | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2012，31，4： | 22 |
| 7 | Predictive value and applicability of ocular trauma scores and pediatric ocular trauma scores in pediatric globe injuries显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the predictive value and applicability of Ocular Trauma Score(OTS) and Pediatric Ocular Trauma Score(POTS) for closed and open globe injuries in the pediatric group.METHODS: A retrospective study of closed and open globe injuries in children age of 0-18-year-old between 2012-2019 was conducted.Medical records were collected,and injuries were classified using Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology System(BETTS).The predictive value and applicability of both OTS and POTS to final visual acuity(VA) were analyzed.RESULTS: Of 84 patients,59(70.2%) presented with closed globe injuries(CGI) and 25(29.8%) with open globe injuries(OGI).The mean of initial VA was 0.832±0.904 log MAR.OTS and POTS was calculated.Initial VA(P<0.001) and traumatic cataract(P<0.001) were significantly associated with visual outcome,followed by organic/unclean wound (P=0.001),delay of surger y(P=0.001),iris prolapse(P=0.003),and globe rupture(P=0.008).A strong correlation between OTS and POTS and final VA(r=-0.798,P<0.001;r=-0.612,P<0.001) was found.OTS was more applicable in all age group of pediatric and in contrast to POTS,it was designed for 0-15 years old.POTS requires eleven parameters and OTS six parameters.Even though initial VA was not available,we could still calculate into POTS equation.CONCLUSION: OTS and POTS are highly predictive prognostic tools for final VA in CGI and OGI's in children. | Yunia Irawati Lily Silva Ardiani Tjahjono Darminto Gondhowiardjo Annette K.Hoskin | 2022 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2022，15，8： | 0 |
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