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| 1 | Antigen presentation by dendritic cells and their instruction of CD4+ T helper cell responses显示文摘Dendritic cells are powerful antigen-presenting cells that are essential for the priming of T cell responses.In addition to providing T-cell-receptor ligands and co-stimulatory molecules for naive T cell activation and expansion,dendritic cells are thought to also provide signals for the differentiation of CD4+T cells into effector T cell populations.The mechanisms by which dendritic cells are able to adapt and respond to the great variety of infectious stimuli they are confronted with,and prime an appropriate CD4+T cell response,are only partly understood.It is known that in the steady-state dendritic cells are highly heterogenous both in phenotype and transcriptional profile,and that this variability is dependent on developmental lineage,maturation stage,and the tissue environment in which dendritic cells are located.Exposure to infectious agents interfaces with this pre-existing heterogeneity by providing ligands for pattern-recognition and toll-like receptors that are variably expressed on different dendritic cell subsets,and elicit production of cytokines and chemokines to support innate cell activation and drive T cell differentiation.Here we review current information on dendritic cell biology,their heterogeneity,and the properties of different dendritic cell subsets.We then consider the signals required for the development of different types of Th immune responses,and the cellular and molecular evidence implicating different subsets of dendritic cells in providing such signals.We outline how dendritic cell subsets tailor their response according to the infectious agent,and how such transcriptional plasticity enables them to drive different types of immune responses. | Kerry L.Hilligan Franca Ronchese | 2020 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2020，17，6： | 19 |
| 2 | Molecular mechanism of glucocorticoid resistance in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Natural and synthetic glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely employed in a number of inflammatory, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases, and, despite the introduction of novel therapies, remain the first-line treatment for inducing remission in moderate to severe active Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Despite their extensive therapeutic use and the proven effectiveness, considerable clinical evidence of wide inter-individual differences in GC efficacy among patients has been reported, in particular when these agents are used in inflammatory diseases. In recent years, a detailed knowledge of the GC mechanism of action and of the genetic variants affecting GC activity at the molecular level has arisen from several studies. GCs interact with their cytoplasmic receptor, and are able to repress inflammatory gene expression through several distinct mechanisms. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is therefore crucial for the effects of these agents: mutations in the GR gene (NR3C1, nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1) are the primary cause of a rare, inherited form of GC resistance; in addition, several polymorphisms of this gene have been described and associated with GC response and toxicity.However, the GR is not self-standing in the cell and the receptor-mediated functions are the result of a complex interplay of GR and many other cellular partners. The latter comprise several chaperonins of the large cooperative hetero-oligomeric complex that binds the hormonefree GR in the cytosol, and several factors involved in the transcriptional machinery and chromatin remodeling, that are critical for the hormonal control of target genes transcription in the nucleus. Furthermore, variants in the principal effectors of GCs (e.g. cytokines and their regulators) have also to be taken into account for a comprehensive evaluation of the variability in GC response. Polymorphisms in genes involved in the transport and/or metabolism of these hormones have also been suggested as other possible candidates of interest that could play a role in the observed inter-individual differences in efficacy and toxicity. The best-characterized example is the drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein, a membrane transporter that extrudes GCs from cells, thereby lowering their intracellular concentration. This protein is encoded by the ABCB1/ MDR1 gene; this gene presents different known polymorphic sites that can influence its expression and function. This editorial reviews the current knowledge on this topic and underlines the role of genetics in predicting GC clinical response. The ambitious goal of pharmacogenomic studies is to adapt therapies to a patient’s specific genetic background, thus improving on efficacy and safety rates. | Sara De Iudicibus Raffaella Franca Stefano Martelossi Alessandro Ventura Giuliana Decorti | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，9： | 14 |
| 3 | Precision medicine in gastric cancer显示文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is a complex disease linked to a series of environmental factors and unhealthy lifestyle habits,and especially to genetic alterations.GC represents the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Its onset is subtle,and the majority of patients are diagnosed once the cancer is already advanced.In recent years,there have been innovations in the management of advanced GC including the introduction of new classifications based on its molecular characteristics.Thanks to new technologies such as next-generation sequencing and microarray,the Cancer Genome Atlas and Asian Cancer Research Group classifications have also paved the way for precision medicine in GC,making it possible to integrate diagnostic and therapeutic methods.Among the objectives of the subdivision of GC into subtypes is to select patients in whom molecular targeted drugs can achieve the best results;many lines of research have been initiated to this end.After phase III clinical trials,trastuzumab,anti-Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2(commonly known as ERBB2)and ramucirumab,anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(commonly known as VEGFR2)monoclonal antibodies,were approved and introduced into first-and second-line therapies for patients with advanced/metastatic GC.However,the heterogeneity of this neoplasia makes the practical application of such approaches difficult.Unfortunately,scientific progress has not been matched by progress in clinical practice in terms of significant improvements in prognosis.Survival continues to be low in contrast to the reduction in deaths from many common cancers such as colorectal,lung,breast,and prostate cancers.Although several target molecules have been identified on which targeted drugs can act and novel products have been introduced into experimental therapeutic protocols,the overall approach to treating advanced stage GC has not substantially changed.Currently,surgical resection with adjuvant or neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the most effective treatments for this disease.Future research should not underestimate the heterogeneity of GC when developing diagnostic and therapeutic strategies aimed toward improving patient survival. | Patrizia Bonelli Antonella Borrelli Franca Maria Tuccillo Lucrezia Silvestro Raffaele Palaia Franco Maria Buonaguro | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2019，11，10： | 8 |
| 4 | Characterization of the Topography and Wettability of English Weed Leaves and Biomimetic Replicas显示文摘 | Pedro Miguel Matos Pereira Ana Sofia Moita Gabriel Amaro Monteiro Duarte Miguel Franca Prazeres | 2014 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2014，11，3： | 5 |
| 5 | Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells as feasible and effective adoptive immunotherapy for the treatment of solid tumors显示文摘 | Giulia Mesiano Maja Todorovic Loretta Gammaitoni Valeria Leuci Lidia Giraudo Diego Fabrizio Carnevale-Schianca Franca Fagioli Wanda Piacibello Massimo Aglietta Dario Sangiolo | 2012 | Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy2012，，6： | 5 |
| 6 | Gene alterations in the PI3K/PTEN/AKT pathway as a mechanism of drug-resistance(Review)显示文摘 | Sameh Hafsi Franca Pezzino Saverio Candido Giovanni Ligresti Demetrios Spandidos Zohra Soua James McCubrey Salvatore Travali Massimo Libra | 2012 | International Journal of Oncology2012，，3： | 4 |
| 7 | Evidence of endometrial amino acid metabolism and transport modulation by peri-ovulatory endocrine profiles driving uterine receptivity显示文摘Background: In beef cattle, changes in the periovulatory endocrine milieu are associated with fertility and conceptus growth. A large preovulatory follicle(POF) and the resulting elevated concentrations of progesterone(P4) during diestrus positively affect pregnancy rates. Amino acids(AA) are important components of maternally derived secretions that are crucial for embryonic survival before implantation. The hypothesis is that the size of the POF and the concentration of P4 in early diestrus modulate the endometrial abundance of SLC transcripts related to AA transport and metabolism and subsequently impact luminal concentrations of AA. The follicle growth of Nelore cows was manipulated to produce two experimental groups: large POF and CL(LF-LCL group) and small POF and CL(SF-SCL group). On Day 4(D4; Experiment 1) and Day 7(D7; Experiment 2) after Gn RH-induced ovulation(Gn RH treatment = D0), the animals were slaughtered and uterine tissues and uterine washings were collected. q RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of AA transporters in D4 and D7 endometrial tissues.The concentrations of AA were quantified in D4 and D7 uterine washings by HPLC.Results: Transcript results show that, on D4, SLC6 A6, SLC7 A4, SLC17 A5, SLC38 A1, SLC38 A7 and SCLY and on D7 SLC1 A4, SLC6 A1, SLC6 A14, SLC7 A4, SLC7 A7, SLC7 A8, SLC17 A5, SLC38 A1, SLC38 A7, SLC43 A2 and DDO were more abundant in the endometria of cows from the LF-LCL group(P < 0.05). In addition, concentrations of AA in the uterine lumen were influenced by the endocrine profiles of the mother. In this context, D4 uterine washings revealed that greater concentrations of taurine, alanine and α-aminobutyric acid were present in SF-SCL(P < 0.05).In contrast, lower concentrations of valine and cystathionine were quantified on D7 uterine washings from SF-SCL cows(P < 0.05).Conclusion: The present study revealed an association between the abundance of transcripts related to AA transport and metabolism in the endometrium and specific periovulatory endocrine profiles related to the receptive status of the mother. Such insights suggest that AAs are involved in uterine function to support embryo development. | Moana Rodrigues Franca Maressa Izabel Santos da Silva Guilherme Pugliesi Veerle Van Hoeck Mario Binelli | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，4： | 4 |
| 8 | Design and criteria of electrospun fibrous scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injury显示文摘The complex pathophysiology of spinal cord injury may explain the current lack of an effective therapeutic approach for the regeneration of damaged neuronal cells and the recovery of motor functions. Many efforts have been performed to design and develop suitable scaffolds for spinal cord regeneration, keeping in mind that the reconstruction of a pro-regenerative environment is the key challenge for an effective neurogenesis. The aim of this review is to outline the main features of an ideal scaffold, based on biomaterials, produced by the electrospinning technique and intended for the spinal cord regeneration. An overview of the polymers more investigated in the production of neural fibrous scaffolds is also provided. | Barbara Vigani Silvia Rossi Giuseppina Sandri Maria Cristina Bonferoni Franca Ferrari | 2017 | Neural Regeneration Research2017，12，11： | 4 |
| 9 | Immunotherapy – new perspective in lung cancer显示文摘Lung carcinoma is associated with a high mortality worldwide,being the leading cause of cancer death.It is mainly classified into squamous non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),non-squamous NSCLC,and small cell lung cancer.However,such malignancy has been increasingly subdivided into histological and molecular subtypes to guide treatment.Therapies can be used in adjuvant and palliative settings.Regarding immunotherapy,it has been widely tested in both first or subsequent palliative lines.In this sense,drugs such as pembrolizumab,nivolumab,atezolizumab,ipilimumab,avelumab,and durvalumab have been assessed in large studies.Some of these trials have also studied these medicines in adjuvant and in maintenance therapy.In recent years,advances in immunotherapy have raised the hope that the unfavorable prognosis observed in several affected individuals can be changed.Immunotherapy has increased the overall survival in squamous NSCLC,non-squamous NSCLC,and small cell lung cancer.However,it has added to the oncology practice some side effects that are unusual in standard chemotherapy and require special clinical support.In order to show how immunotherapy is being applied in the treatment of lung carcinoma,we reviewed the main studies in adjuvant and palliative scenarios.What is the better scheme?What is the better combination?What is the better dose?When should we use immunotherapy?Does programmed cell death ligand 1 expression significantly interfere in immunotherapy efficiency?Some of these questions have already been answered,while others require more investigations. | Fillipe Dantas Pinheiro Adriano Fernandes Teixeira Breno Bittencourt de Brito Filipe Antonio Franca da Silva Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Fabrício Freire de Melo | 2020 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2020，11，5： | 3 |
| 10 | A Demand Response System for Wind Power Integration: Greenhouse Gas Mitigation and Reduction of Generator Cycling显示文摘A smart grid power system for a small region consisting of 1,000 residential homes with electric heating appliances from the demand side,and a generic generation mix of nuclear,hydro,coal,gas and oil-based generators representing the supply side,is investigated using agent-based simulations.The simulation includes a transactive load control in a real-time pricing electricity market.The study investigates the impacts of adding wind power and demand response(DR)on both greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and generator cycling requirements.The results demonstrate and quantify the effectiveness of DR in mitigating the variability of renewable generation.The extent to which greenhouse gas emissions can be mitigated is found to be highly dependent on the mix of generators and their operational capacity factors.It is expected that the effects of demand response on electricity use can reduce dependency on fossil fuel-based electricity generation.However,the anticipated mitigation of GHG emissions is found to dependent on the number and efficiency of fossil fuel generators,and especially on the capacity factor at which they operate.Therefore,if a generator(the marginal seller)is forced to use less efficient fossil fuel power generation schemes,it will result in higher GHG emissions.The simulations show that DR can yield a small reduction in GHG emissions,but also lead to a smaller increase in emissions in circumstances when,for example,a generator(the marginal seller)is forced to use less efficient fossil fuel power generation schemes.Nonetheless,DR is shown to enhance overall system operation,particularly by facilitating increased penetration of variable renewable electricity generation without jeopardizing grid operation reliability.DR reduces the amount of generator cycling by an increased order of magnitude,thereby reducing wear and tear,improving generator efficiency,and avoiding the need for additional operating reserves.The effectiveness of DR for these uses depends on the participation of responsive loads,and this study highlights the need to maintain a certain degree of diversity of loads to ensure they can provide adequate responsiveness to the changing grid conditions. | Torsten Broeer Francis K.Tuffner Anaissia Franca Nedjib Djilali | 2018 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2018，4，2： | 3 |
| 11 | Predictive value of elevated neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio on cardiac mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease显示文摘 | Angela Papa Michele Emdin Claudio Passino Claudio Michelassi Debora Battaglia Franca Cocci | 2008 | Clinica Chimica Acta2008，，1： | 3 |
| 12 | Headache, anxiety and depressive disorders: the HADAS study显示文摘 | Ettore Beghi Gennaro Bussone Domenico D’Amico Pietro Cortelli Sabina Cevoli Gian Camillo Manzoni Paola Torelli Maria Clara Tonini Giovanni Allais Roberto Simone Florindo D’Onofrio Sergio Genco Franca Moschiano Massimiliano Beghi Sara Salvi | 2010 | The Journal of Headache and Pain2010，，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Roles of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway in cell growth, malignant transformation and drug resistance显示文摘 | James A. McCubrey Linda S. Steelman William H. Chappell Stephen L. Abrams Ellis W.T. Wong Fumin Chang Brian Lehmann David M. Terrian Michele Milella Agostino Tafuri Franca Stivala Massimo Libra Jorg Basecke Camilla Evangelisti Alberto M. Martelli Richard | 2006 | BBA - Molecular Cell Research2006，，8： | 3 |
| 14 | Helicobacter pylori-negative Russell body gastritis:Case report显示文摘Russell body gastritis is an unusual form of chronic gastritis characterized by the permeation of lamina propria by numerous plasma cells with eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions.Very few cases have been reported in the literature;the majority of which have shown Helicobacter Pylori(H.pylori)infection,thus suggesting a correlation between plasma cell presence and antigenic stimulation by H.pylori.We present a case of Russell body gastritis in a 78-year-old woman who was undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy for epigastric pain.Gastric biopsy of the gastroesophageal junction showed the presence of cells with periodic acid-Schiff-positive hyaline pink bodies.Giemsa staining for H.pylori infection was nega-tive,as well as immunohistochemical detection.The cells with eosinophilic inclusions stained positive for CD138,CD79a,andκand lambda light chains,which confirmed plasma cell origin.In particular,κand lambda light chains showed a polyclonal origin and the patient was negative for immunological dyscrasia.The histological observations were confirmed by ultrastructural examination.The cases reported in the literature associated with H.pylori infection have shown regression of plasma cells after eradication of H.pylori.Nothing is known about the progression of H.pylori-negative cases.The unusual morphological appearance of this type of chronic gastritis should not be misinterpreted during routine examination,and it should be distinguished from other common forms of chronic gastritis.It is mandatory to exclude neoplastic diseases such as gastric carcinoma, lymphoma and plasmocytoma by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy,which can help with differential diagnosis.The long-term effects of plasma cells hyperactivation are still unknown,because cases of gastric tumor that originated in patients affected by Russell body gastritis have not been described in the literature.We are of the opinion that these patients should be scheduled for endoscopic surveillance. | Alessandro Del Gobbo Luca Elli Paola Braidotti Franca Di Nuovo Silvano Bosari Solange Romagnoli | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，9： | 3 |
| 15 | Low-dose computed tomography with 4th-generation iterative reconstruction algorithm in assessment of oncologic patients显示文摘AIM To compare radiation dose and image quality of lowdose computed tomography(CT) protocol combined with hybrid-iterative reconstruction algorithm with standarddose CT examinations for follow-up of oncologic patients. METHODS Fifty-one patients with known malignant diseases which underwent, during clinical follow-up, both standarddose and low-dose whole-body CT scans were enrolled. Low-dose CT was performed on 256-row scanner, with 120 kV and automated m A modulation, and iterative reconstruction algorithm. Standard-dose CT was performed on 16-rows scanner, with 120 kV, 200-400 m As(depending on patient weight). We evaluated density values and signal-to-noise ratio, along with image noise(SD), sharpness and diagnostic quality with 4-point scale.RESULTS Density values in liver, spleen and aorta were higher in lowdose images(liver 112.55 HU vs 103.90 HU, P < 0.001), as SD values in liver and spleen(liver 16.81 vs 14.41). Volumetric-Computed-Tomographic-Dose-Index(CTDIvol) and Dose-Length-Product(DLP) were significantly lower in low-dose CT as compared to standard-dose(DLP 1025.6 m Gy*cm vs 1429.2 m Gy*cm, P < 0.001) with overall dose reduction of 28.9%. Qualitative analysis did not reveal significant differences in image noise and diagnostic quality.CONCLUSION Automatic tube-current modulation combined with hybriditerative algorithm allows radiation dose reduction of 28.9% without loss of diagnostic quality, being useful in reducing dose exposure in oncologic patients. | Davide Ippolito Alessandra Silvia Casiraghi Cammillo Talei Franzesi Davide Fior Franca Meloni Sandro Sironi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2017，9，10： | 2 |
| 16 | Pharmacogenetics of azathioprine in inflammatory bowel disease: A role for glutathione-S-transferase?显示文摘Azathioprine is a purine antimetabolite drug commonly used to treat inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).In vivo it is active after reaction with reduced glutathione(GSH)and conversion to mercaptopurine.Although this reaction may occur spontaneously,the presence of isoforms M and A of the enzyme glutathione-S-transferase(GST)may increase its speed.Indeed,in pediatric patients with IBD,deletion of GST-M1,which determines reduced enzymatic activity,was recently associated with reduced sensitivity to azathioprine and reduced production of azathioprine active metabolites.In addition to increase the activation of azathioprine to mercaptopurine,GSTs may contribute to azathioprine effects even by modulating GSH consumption,oxidative stress and apoptosis.Therefore,genetic polymorphisms in genes for GSTs may be useful to predict response to azathioprine even if more in vitro and clinical validation studies are needed.reserved. | Gabriele Stocco Marco Pelin Raffaella Franca Sara De Iudicibus Eva Cuzzoni Diego Favretto Stefano Martelossi Alessandro Ventura Giuliana Decorti | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，13： | 2 |
| 17 | Relationship between seminal plasma zinc concentration and spermatozoa-zona pellucida binding and the ZP-induced acrosome reaction in subfertile men显示文摘 | De-Yi Liu Boon-Shih Sie Ming-Li Liu Franca Agresta HW Gordon Baker | 2009 | Asian Journal of Andrology2009，11，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Evaluation of biodegradable electric conductive tube-guides and mesenchymal stem cells显示文摘AIM: To study the therapeutic effect of three tubeguides with electrical conductivity associated to mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) on neuro-muscular regeneration after neurotmesis.METHODS: Rats with 10-mm gap nerve injury were tested using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA), PVA-carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and MSCs, and PVA-polypyrrole(PPy). The regenerated nerves and tibialis anterior muscles were processed for stereological studies after 20 wk. The functional recovery was assessed serially for gait biomechanical analysis, by extensor postural thrust, sciatic functional index and static sciatic functionalindex(SSI), and by withdrawal reflex latency(WRL). In vitro studies included cytocompatibility, flow cytometry, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and karyotype analysis of the MSCs. Histopathology of lung, liver, kidneys, and regional lymph nodes ensured the biomaterials biocompatibility. RESULTS: SSI remained negative throughout and independently from treatment. Differences between treted groups in the severity of changes in WRL existed, showing a faster regeneration for PVA-CNTs-MSCs(P < 0.05). At toe-off, less acute ankle joint angles were seen for PVA-CNTs-MSCs group(P = 0.051) suggesting improved ankle muscles function during the push off phase of the gait cycle. In PVA-PPy and PVA-CNTs groups, there was a 25% and 42% increase of average fiber area and a 13% and 21% increase of the 'minimal Feret's diameter' respectively. Stereological analysis disclosed a significantly(P < 0.05) increased myelin thickness(M), ratio myelin thickness/axon diameter(M/d) and ratio axon diameter/fiber diameter(d/D; g-ratio) in PVA-CNT-MSCs group(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Results revealed that treatment with MSCs and PVA-CNTs tube-guides induced better nerve fiber regeneration. Functional and kinematics analysis revealed positive synergistic effects brought by MSCs and PVA-CNTs. The PVA-CNTs and PVA-PPy are promising scaffolds with electric conductive properties, bio- and cytocompatible that might prevent the secondary neurogenic muscular atrophy by improving the reestablishment of the neuro-muscular junction. | Jorge Ribeiro Tiago Pereira Ana Rita Caseiro Paulo Armada-da-Silva Isabel Pires Justina Prada Irina Amorim Sandra Amado Miguel Franca Carolina Goncalves Maria Ascensao Lopes Jose Domingos Santos Dina Morais Silva Stefano Geuna Ana Lúcia Luís Ana Colette Maurício | 2015 | World Journal of Stem Cells2015，7，6： | 2 |
| 19 | Dynamics of Droplets of Biological Fluids on Smooth Superhydrophobic Surfaces under Electrostatic Actuation显示文摘 | Ana Sofia Moita Catarina Laurencia Joana Anastacio Ramos Duarte Miguel Franca Prazeres Antonio Luis Nobre Moreira | 2016 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2016，13，2： | 2 |
| 20 | 国际癌症研究机构工作组乳腺癌筛查简报显示文摘乳腺癌是导致全球女性死亡最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,而且超过一半发生在低至中等收入的国家。近年来在我国,特别是大中城市及沿海经济发展较快地区,乳腺癌已排在女性恶性肿瘤的第一位,是危害妇女健康的主要疾病。如何在早期筛查乳腺癌,以提高防癌效果,对社区及临床有重要意义。本期世界全科医学工作嘹望对2015—06-03在线发表于《新英格兰杂志》的《国际癌症研究机构(IARC)工作组乳腺癌筛查简报》进行了部分翻译,IARC对经乳腺钼靶X线摄影检查筛查乳腺癌的利弊进行了细致评估后,推荐50~69岁女性接受筛查利大于弊。同时,简报还对一般人群及乳腺癌高危人群采取不同方法进行乳腺癌筛查的利弊相关证据评价进行了总结,对全科医生和临床医师筛查工作提供了借鉴。 | Béatrice Lauby-Secretan Chiara Scoccianti Dana Loomis Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa Véronique Bouvard Franca Bianchini Kurt Straif | 2015 | 中国全科医学2015，18，27： | 2 |
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