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| 1 | Inhibitory activities of extracts of Rumex dentatus, Commelina benghalensis, Ajuga bracteosa, Ziziphus mauritiana as well as their compounds of gallic acid and emodin against dengue virus显示文摘Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects against dengue virus serotype 2(DENV-2) by five different fractions(extracted by methanol, ethanol, benzene, chloroform and n-hexane) of Rumex dentatus, Commelina benghalensis, Ajuga bracteosa and Ziziphus mauritiana, as well as their constituents(gallic acid, emodin, and isovanillic acid). Methods: All the samples were tested for cytotoxicity on baby hamster kidney cells by MTT assay and for anti-DENV-2 activity by plaque reduction neutralization assay using two DENV-2 doses(45 and 90 plaqueforming units or PFU). Results: All the samples except isovanillic acid exhibited significant prophylactic effects against DENV-2 infectivity(without cytotoxicity) when administered to cells before infection, but were not effective when given 6 h post-infection. The methanol extract of Rumex dentatus demonstrated the highest antiviral efficacy by inhibiting DENV-2 replication, with IC_(50) of 0.154 μg/mL and 0.234 μg/mL, when added before infection with 45 and 90 PFU of virus, respectively. Gallic acid also exhibited significant antiviral effects by prophylactic treatment prior to virus adsorption on cells, with IC_(50) of 0.191 μg/mL and 0.522 μg/mL at 45 and 90 PFU of DENV-2 infection, respectively. Conclusions: The highly potent activities of the extracts and constituent compounds of these plants against DENV-2 infectivity highlight their potential as targets for further research to identify novel antiviral agents against dengue. | Riffat Batool Ejaz Aziz Tariq Mahmood Benny KH Tan Vincent TK Chow | 2018 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2018，11，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Rumex dentatus could be a potent alternative to treatment of microbial infections and of breast cancer显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant,antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential of Rumex dentatus(R.dentatus)leaf extracts.METHODS:The total phenolics and flavonoids content of R.dentatus extracts were evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods respectively.Antioxidant potential of studied plant extracts was assessed through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity,total reducing power and total antioxidant methods.Moreover,antibacterial and antifungal capacity was also evaluated by disc diffusion method against six clinically isolated multi-drug resistant bacterial strains as well as six fungal isolates.Further,cell cytotoxicity was also evaluated through3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.RESULTS:Ethanol extract showed highest total phenolic[(38.9±1.5)μg gallic acid equivalent/mg]and total flavonoids[(17.2±1.9)μg quercetin equivalent/mg]contents.Antioxidant assays indicated that ethanol and methanol extracts possess potent antioxidant potential.Moreover,it was observed that ethanol and hexane extracts have the potential to inhibit most of the tested multi-drug resistant bacterial strains while methanol,chloroform and hexane extracts could inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungal strains successfully.Among all the studied extracts,ethanolic extract showed highest cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cell line then Hep-2 and DU-145 cell lines by MTT assay with lowest IC50 of 47.3μg/m L.CONCLUSION:These results suggest that R.dentatus could be a potent alternative candidate for treatment of microbial infections and for breast cancer treatment. | Riffat Batool Ejaz Aziz Hina Salahuddin Javed Iqbal Saira Tabassum Tariq Mahmood | 2019 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2019，39，6： | 1 |
| 3 | Cultivating Online Social Resources to Enhance Entrepreneurial Learning:Providing New Insights Into Trust Repairing显示文摘The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of online social capital on knowledge acquisition,and thereby,improve the process of entrepreneurial learning for youngsters.The researchers offer hypotheses to shed light on the interrelationships among critical components of social capital theory and knowledge acquisition towards the enhancement of entrepreneurial learning.The study also highlights the role of trust as a moderator which links the other aspects of social capital with knowledge acquisition.The hypotheses were tested using data collected from online groups based on the motive of entrepreneurial culture and student learning.The study findings identified a significant positive relationships between social interaction and knowledge acquisition,between shared vision and knowledge acquisition,and also between knowledge acquisition and entrepreneurial learning,confirming our hypothesis that social capital affects knowledge acquisition and its practice al application to student learning.Furthermore,trust as a moderator diminished the positive relationships between social interaction and knowledge acquisition and also between shared vision and knowledge acquisition.With the emerging use of Web-based technologies,this research can be valuable to explain how different facets of online social capital can foster learning effectiveness for young entrepreneurs in multiple social settings.The findings also provide significant implications for organizations and social networks to better understand the aspects of trust repair which could be helpful to enhance collective learning. | Binesh Sarwar Arslan Sarwar Salman Zulfiqar Saira Aziz Khurram Ejaz Chandia | 2018 | US-China Education Review(B)2018，8，3： | 0 |
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