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| 1 | Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with direct-acting antivirals: The role of resistance显示文摘The use of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs) to treat chronic hepatitis C has resulted in a significant increase in rates of sustained viral response(around 90%-95%) as compared with the standard treatment of peginterferon/ribavirin. Despite this, however, the rates of therapeutic failure in daily clinical practice range from 10%-15%. Most of these cases are due to the presence of resistant viral variants, resulting from mutations produced by substitutions of amino acids in the viral target protein that reduce viral sensitivity to DAAs, thus limiting the efficacy of these drugs. The high genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus has resulted in the existence of resistance-associated variants(RAVs), sometimes even before starting treatment with DAAs, though generally at low levels. These preexisting RAVs do not appear to impact on the sustained viral response, whereas those that appear after DAA therapy could well be determinant in virological failure with future treatments. As well as the presence of RAVs, virological failure to treatment with DAAs is generally associated with other factors related with a poor response, such as the degree of fibrosis, the response to previous therapy, the viral load or the viral genotype. Nonetheless, viral breakthrough and relapse can still occur in the absence of detectable RAVs and after the use of highly effective DAAs, so that the true clinical impact of the presence of RAVs in therapeutic failure remains to be determined. | Miguel Jiménez-Pérez Rocío González-Grande Pilar Espana Contreras Isabel Pinazo Martínez Jesús de la Cruz Lombardo Raúl Olmedo Martín | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，29： | 3 |
| 2 | Bcl-xL promotes metastasis of breast cancer of cytokines resistance 显示文摘 | FERNANDEZ Y ESPANA S MANAS S | 2000 | Cell Death Differ2000，7，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Two distinct urokinase-serpin interactions regulate the initiation of cell surface-associated plasminogen activation 显示文摘 | Schwartz B S Espana F | 1999 | J Biol Chem1999，274，15： | 1 |
| 4 | Prolactin-relea- sing Pep-tide (PrRP) PromotesAwakening and Sup- pressesAbsence Sei-zures 显示文摘 | Lin S H Arai A C Espana R A | 2002 | Neuroscience2002，114，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Graft versus host dis- ease- clinical evaluation, diagnosis and management 显示文摘 | Espana EM Shah S Santhiago MR | 2013 | Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol2013，251，5： | 1 |
| 6 | The oxidation of ferrous iron in acidic mine effluents from the Iberian Pyrite Belt (Odiel Basin,Huelva,Spain):Field and laboratory rates显示文摘 | Javier Sánchez Espana Enrique López Pamo | 2007 | Journal of Geochemical Exploration2007，92，23： | 1 |
| 7 | Exvivo expansion of limbal epithelialstem cells:amniotic membrane serving as a stem cell niche显示文摘 | Grueterich M Espana EM Tseng S | 2003 | Surv Ophthalmol2003，48，6： | 1 |
| 8 | The removal of dissolved metals by hydroxysulphate precipitates during oxidation and neutralization of acid mine waters, Iberian Pyrite Belt显示文摘 | Espana J S Pamo E L Pastor E S | 2006 | Aquatic Geochemistry2006，12，3： | 1 |
| 9 | The multifunctional pro- tein C system 显示文摘 | Espana F Medina P Navarro S | 2005 | Curr Med Chem Hematol Agents2005，3，： | 1 |
| 10 | Bcl-xL promotes metastasis of breast cancer of cytokines resistance显示文摘 | Fernandez Y Espana S Manas S | 2000 | Cell Death Differ2000，7，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Design and fabrication of CoCrMo alloy based novel structures for load bearing implants using laser engineered net shaping 显示文摘 | ESPANA F A BALLA V K BOSE S BANDYOPADHYAY A | 2010 | Materials Science and Engineering C2010，30，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Circadian-dependent and circadian-independent behavioral actions of hypocretin/orexin显示文摘 | Espana R A Plahn S Berridge C W | 2002 | Brain Res2002，943，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Acid mine drainage in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (Odiel river watershed, Huelva, SW Spain): geochemistry, mineralogy and environmental implications显示文摘 | ESPANA J S PAMO E L SANTOF1MIA E | 2005 | Applied Geochemistry2005，20，： | 1 |
| 14 | Expression of angiogenic factors in endometriosis:relationship to fibrinolytic and metalloproteinase systems显示文摘 | Gilabert-Estellés J Ramón LA Espana F | 2007 | Hum Reprod2007，22，8： | 1 |
| 15 | The multifunctional protein C system显示文摘 | Espana F Medina P Navarro S | 2005 | Curr Med Chem2005，3，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Afferents to the orexin neurons of the rat brain 显示文摘 | Yoshida K Mecormack S Espana RA | 2006 | Comp Neurel2006，494，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Connexin 43 expression and proliferation of human limbal epithelium on intact and denuded amniotic membrane显示文摘 | Grueterich M Espana E Tseng S C | 2002 | Investigative Ophthalmology Visual Science2002，43，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Wind tunnel study of the wake meandering downstream of a modelled wind turbine as an effect of large scale turbulent eddies 显示文摘 | Espana G Aubrun S Loyer S | 2012 | Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics2012，101，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Afferents to the orexin neurons of the rat brain显示文摘 | Yoshida K McCormack S Espana RA | 2006 | J Comp Neurol2006，494，5： | 1 |
| 20 | In vivo blockade of pemphigus vulgaris acantholysis by inhibition of intracellular signal transduction cascades显示文摘 | Espana A Pelacho B at el | 2004 | Br J Dermatol2004，151，： | 1 |
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