| 1 | Cellular and humoral immune interactions between Drosophila and its parasitoids显示文摘The immune interactions occurring between parasitoids and their host insects,especially in Drosophila-wasp models,have long been the research focus of insect immunology and parasitology.Parasitoid infestation in Drosophila is counteracted by its multiple natural immune defense systems,which include cellular and humoral immunity,Occurring in the hemocoel,cellular immune responses involve the proliferation,differentiation,migration and spreading of host hemocytes and parasitoid encapsulation by them.Contrastingly,humoral immune responses rely more heavily on melanization and on the Toll,Imd and Jak/Stat immune pathways associated w ith antimicrobial peptides along with stress factors.On the wasps'side,successful development is achieved by introducing various virulence factors to counteract immune responses of Drosophila.Some or all of these factors manipulate the host's immunity for successful parasitism.Here we review current knowledge of the cellular and humoral immune interactions between Drosophila and its parasitoids,focusing on the defense mechanisms used by Drosophila and the strategies evolved by parasitic wasps to outwit it. | Lei Yang Li-Ming Qiu Qi Fang David W.Stanley Gong-Yin Ye | 2021 | Insect Science2021，28，5： | 3 |
| 2 | iVenomDB: A manually curated database for insect venom proteins显示文摘DearEditor,Venomous animals,such as snakes,insects(wasps,bees,ants,and some bugs),spiders,scorpions,and cone snails,use venom for predation and/or defense.Venom is mostly composed of proteinsand peptides.Because of their high potency and selectivity,venom components have been developed into valuable resources,such as research tools,bioinsecticides(Heep et al.,2019),and drug leads(Badawi,2021).The advent of high-throughput sequencing and mass spectrometry enabled exploration of venom components to new depths and at an unprecedented pace.To be useful to the scientific community,knowledge on these proteins must be stored in a retrievable manner,annotated,and curated.Currently,several databases are dedicated to venoms from a wide range of animals,such as Arachnoserver(Pineda et al.,2018),Conoserver(Kaas et al.,2012),and the Tox-Prot program within UniprotKB(Jungo et al.,2012). | Longfei Chen Kun Lang Bo Zhang Jiamin Shi Xinhai Ye David W.Stanley Qi Fang Gongyin Ye | 2023 | Insect Science2023，30，1： | 0 |
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