| 2 | Gastric intestinal metaplasia development in African American predominant United States population显示文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer significantly contributes to cancer mortality globally.Gastric intestinal metaplasia(GIM)is a stage in the Correa cascade and a premalignant lesion of gastric cancer.The natural history of GIM formation and progression over time is not fully understood.Currently,there are no clear guidelines on GIM surveillance or management in the United States.AIM To investigate factors associated with GIM development over time in African American-predominant study population.METHODS This is a retrospective longitudinal study in a single tertiary hospital in Washington DC.We retrieved upper esophagogastroduodenoscopies(EGDs)with gastric biopsies from the pathology department database from January 2015 to December 2020.Patients included in the study had undergone two or more EGDswith gastric biopsy.Patients with no GIM at baseline were followed up until they developed GIM or until the last available EGD.Exclusion criteria consisted of patients age<18,pregnancy,previous diagnosis of gastric cancer,and missing data including pathology results or endoscopy reports.The study population was divided into two groups based on GIM status.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to estimate the hazard induced by patient demographics,EGD findings,and Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)status on the GIM status.RESULTS Of 2375 patients who had at least 1 EGD with gastric biopsy,579 patients were included in the study.138 patients developed GIM during the study follow-up period of 1087 d on average,compared to 857 d in patients without GIM(P=0.247).The average age of GIM group was 64 years compared to 56 years in the non-GIM group(P<0.001).In the GIM group,adding one year to the age increases the risk for GIM formation by 4%(P<0.001).Over time,African Americans,Hispanic,and other ethnicities/races had an increased risk of GIM compared to Caucasians with a hazard ratio(HR)of 2.12(1.16,3.87),2.79(1.09,7.13),and 3.19(1.5,6.76)respectively.No gender difference was observed between the study populations.Gastritis was associated with an increased risk for GIM development with an HR of 1.62(1.07,2.44).On the other hand,H.pylori infection did not increase the risk for GIM.CONCLUSION An increase in age and non-Caucasian race/ethnicity are associated with an increased risk of GIM formation.The effect of H.pylori on GIM is limited in low prevalence areas. | Akram I Ahmad Arielle Lee Claire Caplan Colin Wikholm Ioannis Pothoulakis Zaynab Almothafer NishthaRaval Samantha Marshall Ankit Mishra Nicole Hodgins In Guk Kang Raymond K Chang Zachary Dailey Arvin Daneshmand Anjani Kapadia Jae Hak Oh Brittney Rodriguez Abhinav Sehgal Matthew Sweeney Christopher B Swisher Daniel F Childers Corinne O'Connor Lynette M Sequeira Won Cho | 2022 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2022，14，10： | 1 |
| 4 | 波罗的海河流养分运输模拟:一种大尺度途径显示文摘我们首次开发了一个集水区模型,对波罗的海流域内所有105个主要集水区的陆地-海洋养分通量同时进行了模拟。对所有这些主要集水区进行一致模拟的方法,即水通量(水文模拟)和负荷功能(排放数据)的一致处理,将促进波罗的海差别巨大的子流域之间河流养分运输的比较。河流排放的热点,如维斯瓦河、奥得河、道加瓦河或丹麦海岸,可以很容易地被展示;并且这些热点及北部集水区中相对未被干扰的河流之间的比较可为决策者指明:1)要改善波罗的海环境状况,在哪里采取补救措施最有效。2)河流养分负荷可能削减的百分比是多少。验证期内实测通量与模拟通量之间的相对差异通常很小。监测水体流量和养分通量的累积偏差(即相对偏差)[∑(模拟-实测)/∑实测×100(%)]总计为径流+8.2%,可溶性无机氮-2.4%,总氮+5.1%,可溶性无机磷+13%,总磷+19%。并且,该模型认为,现存的污染负荷汇编资料中低估了总磷点源,因为在市政府的排放负荷计算中存在着矛盾。 | Carl-Magnus Mrth Christoph Humborg Hanna Eriksson sa Danielsson Miguel Rodriguez Medina Stefan Lfgren Dennis P.Swaney Lars Rahm 王胜 | 2007 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2007，36，2： | 1 |
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