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| 1 | Source mechanism of strong aftershocks (M_s≥5.6) of the 2008/05/12 Wenchuan earthquake and the implication for seismotectonics显示文摘Dozens of >M5, hundreds of >M4, and much more >M3 aftershocks occurred after the 2008/05/12 Wenchuan earthquake, which were well recorded by permanent and portable seismic stations. After relocated with P arrival, the >M3 aftershocks show two trends of distribution, with most of the aftershocks located along the north-east strike consistent with Longmenshan fault system, yet there is a north-west trend around the epicenter. It seems that substantially more aftershocks occur in regions with crystalline bedrocks. Then we collected waveform data from National Digital Seismograph Network and regional seismograph network of China, and employed 'Cut and Paste' method to obtain focal mechanisms and depths of the big aftershocks (M≥5.6). While most of those aftershocks show thrust mechanism, there are some strike slip earthquakes in the northern-most end of the rupture. Focal mechanisms show that the events located on the southern part of central Beichuan-Yingxiu Fault (BY) are mainly thrust earthquakes, which is consistent with initial mechanism of the main shock rupture. In the north part the aftershocks along the BY are also dominated by thrust slip, which is quite different from the right slip rupture of the main shock. Around Qingchuan-Pingwu Fault, the focal mechanisms are dominated by right-slip rupture with large depths (~18 km). So we suspected that in the north part the main shock might rupture on two faults: Beichuan Fault and Qingchuan-Pingwu Fault. The complex pattern of aftershock mechanisms argues for presence of a complicated fault system in the Longmenshan area. | ZHENG Yong1,2,MA HongSheng3,Lü Jian4,NI SiDao5,LI YingChun6 & WEI ShengJi2 1 Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430077,China 2 Institute of Geophysics,Chinese Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100086,China 3 Institute of Earthquake Science,Chinese Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100086,China 4 Earthquake Administration of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330039,China 5 School of Earth and Space Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China 6 Earthquake Administration of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210014,China | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，6： | 100 |
| 2 | The deformation pattern and fault rate in the Tianshan Mountains inferred from GPS observations显示文摘Based on GPS measurements conducted from 1992 to 2006, we present the current crustal movement velocity field for approximately 400 sites in the Tianshan Mountains and their adjacent areas, and estimate slip rates on the major faults using a 2-D elastic dislocation model. Our studies show slip rates within the range of 1―4 mm/a on the NW-SE trending strike-slip faults (such as Talas-Fergana fault) in the Tianshan Mountains. We also found the slip rates on the approximately WE-SN trending gently-dipping detachment fault vary from 10―13 mm/a for the southwest Tianshan Mountains to 2―5 mm/a for the eastern Tianshan Mountains, and to 6―12 mm/a for the Kyrgrz Tianshan. The GPS velocity field reveals that the total convergence is not uniformly distributed across the Tianshan Mountains, with 80%―90% of the N-S shortening absorbed along the southern and northern edges, and relatively little deformation accommodated within the interior. This first-order feature of strain pattern is explained best by underthrusting of adjacent blocks beneath the Tianshan Mountains along a basal detachment fault. We found the occurrence of historical M7―8 earthquakes somewhere in the locked ramp that connects the creeping and locking segments of the detachment, thereby resulting in elastic strain concentration and accumulation around it. The elastic strain confined in the upper crustal layer above the detachment ultimately releases through infrequent great earthquakes in the Tianshan Mountains, resulting in considerable folding and faulting at their margins. The Tianshan Mountains propagated outward and rose progressively as a wedge-shaped block. | YANG ShaoMin1,2, LI Jie1,3 & WANG Qi2,1 1 Research Center of Space Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 2 Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Wuhan 430071, China 3 Earthquake Administration of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830011, China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，8： | 43 |
| 3 | Two types of changes in apparent resistivity in earthquake prediction显示文摘Two types of changes in apparent resistivity (AR) have been linked to earthquake occurrences. This paper studies the changes and their causes, in detail with the ultimate purpose of developing and assessing a method of earthquake (EQ) prediction. The AR changes of the first type (CFT) are considered to be precursors related to earthquakes (EQs); these appear mostly in the medium-term period before EQs and in the short-term period preceding EQs. The changes of the second type (CST) are characterized by a turning anomaly of a long-trend AR variation or the drastically descending/ascending anomaly superimposed on such a variation; these appear synchronously in large areas, such as the Chinese mainland, and northern and northwestern China, ect. Their spatio-temporal clusters correspond well to high seismicities in the areas and distant great EQs around the Chinese mainland. Based on the behaviors of the two types of changes, the AR changes observed prior to the Ms8.0 Wenchuan EQ of 2008 are studied. The results show that in the medium-term period before the EQ, noticeable anomalies appeared synchronously at four stations around the Songpan-Ganzi active block, but only weak upward changes were observed in the short-term period preceding the EQ, which caused the prediction of the imminent EQ to fail. | DU XueBin1,2 1Lanzhou Institute of Seismology, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou 730000, China 2Lanzhou Base of Earthquake Science Institute, China Earthquake Administration, Lanzhou 730000, China | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，1： | 27 |
| 4 | The April 14th, 2010 Yushu earthquake, a devastating earthquake with foreshocks显示文摘In the early morning of April 14th, 2010, a strong earth- quake (Ms7.1, http://gffzz49cbc139c294479ah09ub6p5wfwku6b0v.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn; Mw6.9, http://neic. usgs.gov) occurred in Yushu district, Qinghai Province, China. More than 2000 lives were lost and over 100000 injured, | NI SiDao1, WANG WeiTao2 & LI Li3 1 School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China 2 Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China 3 National Earthquake Infrastructure Service, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，6： | 15 |
| 5 | Origin of tectonic stresses in the Chinese continent and adjacent areas显示文摘Based on data of principal stress orientation from focal mechanism and of geological features in China, we made pseudo-3D genetic algorithm finite element (GA-FEM) inversion to investigate the main forces acting on the Chinese continent and adjacent areas which form the Chinese tectonic stress field. The results confirm that plate boundary forces play the dominant role in forming the stress field in China, as noticed by many previous researchers. However, we also find that topographic spreading forces, as well as basal drag forces of the lower crust to the upper crust, make significant contribution to stresses in regional scale. Forces acting on the Chinese continent can be outlined as follows: the collision of the India plate to the NNE is the most important action, whereby forces oriented to the NW by the Philippine plate and forces oriented to the SWW by the Pacific plate are also important. Topographic spreading forces are not negligible at high topographic gradient zones, these forces are perpendicular to edges of the Tibetan Plateau and a topographic gradient belt running in the NNE direction across Eastern China. Basal drag forces applied by the ductile flow of the lower crust to the base of upper crust affect the regional stress field in the Tibetan Plateau remarkably, producing the clockwise rotation around the eastern Himalaya syntax. | ZHU ShouBiao1,2& SHI YaoLin3 1 Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100085, China 2 Department of Geophysics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 3 Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，1： | 9 |
| 6 | Anatexis in Himalayan crust:Evidence from geochemical and chronological investigations of Higher Himalayan Crystallines显示文摘Migmatization in Higher Himalayan Crystallines (HHC) results from anatexis. The widely distributed migmatites in HHC are an important clue to investigate the relationship be- tween anatexis and the origins of Higher Himalayan leucogranites (HHL), and to understand the effect of anatexis on crustal evolution during the post-collision period. We studied in detail the chemical features of three basic constituent parts of the migmatites, i.e. leucosome, mesosome and melanosome, and determined the K-Ar ages of leucosomes. Our studies indicate that type-I leucosome is the product of crystallization of melt generated by partial melting of mesosome at source region, but type-II leucosome and HHL probably underwent crystallization differentiation of plagioclase during melt aggregation and migration. The age of 22.67 Ma of Type-I leucosome, which is a little older than the beginning of MCT movement, indicates that anatexis may have played an important role in the formation of MCT. That the ages of type-II leucosome (ranging from 14.82 to 18.37 Ma) are consistent with that of HHL provides new chronological evidence for the relationship between migmatization and HHL. We obtained a very young age of 6.23 Ma of Type-II leucosome that provides new time constraint on magma activity in the central segment of Higher Himalayas. | YANG Xiaosong1, JIN Zhenmin2 & MA Jin1 1. State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China 2. Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，9： | 8 |
| 7 | The upper mantle structure of the Tibetan Plateau and its implication for the continent-continent collision显示文摘The upper mantle structures of Himalayas-Tibet have been obtained from the mi-gration of receiver functions of the teleseismic events recorded by INDEPTH-III. The result of migration imaging shows a dipping interface subducting northward from the depth of 100 km to the 410-km discontinuity underneath southern Tibet. It indicates that the lithospheric mantle of the Indian continent had been detached from the crust and deeply subducted to the upper mantle of Eurasia during the Indo-Eurasian collision. This kind of continent-continent collision process is fundamentally different from the oceanic collision. | WU Qingju1, ZENG Rongsheng1 & ZHAO Wenjin2 1. Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China 2. Institute of Geology, China Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，8： | 7 |
| 8 | Possible triggering of solar activity to big earthquakes (Ms ≥ 8) in faults with near west-east strike in China显示文摘This paper studies the relationship between solar activity and big earthquakes (Ms≥8) that occurred in China and western Mongolia. It is discovered that the occurrence dates of most of the big earthquakes in and near faults with west-east strike are close to the maximum years of sunspot numbers, whereas dates of some big earthquakes which are not in such faults are not close to the maximum years. We consider that it is possibly because of the appearance of many magnetic storms in the maximum years of solar activity. The magnetic storms result in anomalies of geomagnetic field and then produce eddy current in the faults gestating earthquake with near west-east strike. Perhaps the gestated big earthquakes occur easily since the eddy current heats the rocks in the faults and therefore decreases the shear resistant intensity and the static friction limit of the rocks . | HAN Yanben1, GUO Zengjian1,2, WU Jinbing1,2 & MA Lihua1 1. National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China 2. Earthquake Research Institute of Lanzhou, CSB, Lanzhou 73000, China Correspondence should be addressed to Han Yanben (email: hyb@bao.ac.cn) | 2004 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2004，47，2： | 6 |
| 9 | Geophysical survey on the tectonic and sediment distribution of Qinghai Lake basin显示文摘The intensive geophysical survey of Qinghai Lake reveals the buried depth of lake sediments and their distribution features. The result indicates that there are three important inter- phases of Qinghai Lake sediments: T1 is the rife interphase of the lake, above which sediments are spread all over the lake basin with roughly the same thickness; T5 is the interphase from which the neotectonic sedimentary cycle begins, and its above sedimentary environment is relatively stable; Tg is the base of the lake basin. Five west-northwest (WNW) fault belts defined the tectonic structure of Qinghai Lake basin: the central hunch around Haixin Shan with two subbasins both in its north and south. The thickness of the lake sediments varies at different places, the thickest sediments are found within the two subbasins. According to the depth that the Sparker System can reach, sediment in the northern subbasin is deeper than 560 m, while sediment in the southern subbasin is deeper than 700 m. The correlation between the seismic sequence stratigraph and the lithology of onshore core shows that Qinghai Lake sediments consist of muddy silt, clay silt, silty clay, gravel silty clay, etc. | AN Zhisheng1, WANG Ping2, SHEN Ji3, ZHANG Yixiang2, ZHANG Peizhen4, WANG Sumin3, LI Xiaoqiang1, SUN Qianli1, SONG Yougui1, AI Li1, ZHANG Yechun2, JIANG Shaoren2, LIU Xingqi3 & WANG Yong31. Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Xi’an 710075, China 2. South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, China 3. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China 4. Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，8： | 6 |
| 10 | Post-earthquake assessment of building damage degree using LiDAR data and imagery显示文摘Various methods have been developed to detect and assess building's damages due to earthquakes using remotely sensed data.After the launch of the high resolution sensors such as IKONOS and QuickBird,it becomes realistic to identify damages on the scale of individual building.However the low accuracy of the results has often led to the use of visual interpretation techniques.Moreover,it is very difficult to estimate the degree of building damage(e.g.slight damage,moderate damage,or severe damage) in detail using the existing methods.Therefore,a novel approach integrating LiDAR data and high resolution optical imagery is proposed for evaluating building damage degree quantitatively.The approach consists of two steps:3D building model reconstruction and rooftop patch-oriented 3D change detection.Firstly,a method is proposed for automatically reconstructing 3D building models with precise geometric position and fine details,using pre-earthquake LiDAR data and high resolution imagery.Secondly,focusing on each rooftop patch of the 3D building models,the pre- and post-earthquake LiDAR points belonging to the patch are collected and compared to detect whether it was destroyed or not,and then the degree of building damage can be identified based on the ratio of the destroyed rooftop patches to all rooftop patches.The novelty of the proposed approach is to detect damages on the scale of building's rooftop patch and realize quantitative estimation of building damage degree. | LI ManChun1,CHENG Liang1,2,GONG JianYa2,LIU YongXue1,CHEN ZhenJie1,LI FeiXue1,CHEN Gang1,CHEN Dong1 & SONG XiaoGang3 1 Department of Geographic Information Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China 2 State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying,Mapping and Remote Sensing,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China 3 State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics,Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100029,China | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，S2： | 5 |
| 11 | Virtual ChuanDian--A parallel numerical modeling of Sichuan-Yunnan regional strong earthquake activities: Model construction and parallel simulation显示文摘Reasonable use of mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of regional earthquake activities has attracted more and more attentions in realistic seismicity studies in recent years. The inherent nature of their attendant multi-scale properties, from either the temporal or the spatial direction, necessitates the use of the cutting-edge massive parallel data processing techniques. Our study here is focused on the model construction and numerical simulation of the regional stress evolution after large earthquake sequences along the fault zones in Sichuan and Yunnan areas, using large-scale parallel finite element approximations with tens of millions of unstructured meshes on the distributed systems. The objective of our study is to provide a state-of-the-art model and a large-scale numerical simulation platform, on which estimation of the risk of large earthquake triggering sequences can be carried out in a middle or long-term time scale with realistic data and constrains inputted from field observation and geological survey. | ZHANG Huai1, WU ZhongLiang1,2, ZHANG DongNing2, LIU Jie2, WANG Hui2, YAN ZhenZhen1,2 & SHI YaoLin11 Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 2 Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，10： | 4 |
| 12 | A Hierarchical Framework for Visualising and Simulating Supply Chains in Virtual Environments显示文摘This paper presents research into applying virtual environment (VE) technology to supply chain management (SCM). Our research work has employed virtual manufacturing environments to represent supply chain nodes to simulate processes and activities in supply chain management. This will enable those who are involved in these processes and activities to gain an intuitive understanding of them, so as to design robust supply chains and make correct decisions at the right time. A framework system and its hierarchical structure for visualising and simulating supply chains in virtual environments are reported and detailed in this paper. | Hai-Yan Zhang Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, 29 Xuefu Road, Harbin 150018, PRC School of Computing, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby DE22 1GB, UK Zheng-Xu Zhao Department of Instrumentation Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PRC School of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PRC School of Computing, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby DE22 1GB, UK | 2005 | International Journal of Automation and computing2005，2，2： | 3 |
| 13 | Evolutive characteristics of aromatics under high pressure and temperature of deep lithosphere显示文摘Pyrolysis of lignite in closed systems was conducted at temperatures from 400 to 700℃ and pressure from 1 to 3 GPa in order to investigate the evolutive characteristics of aromatics and the effects of pressure and temperature on the maturation of organic matter under the extreme conditions. The total yield of liquid hydrocarbons decreased with increasing pressure and the aromatics shows more mature with increasing temperature at a given pressure. The data indicate that high pressure significantly suppresses the thermal evolution of geological organic matter especially at lower temperature, but favors the cyclization, polymerization and aromatization of pyrolysate. The pressure effect on maturation of organic matter is nonlinear. Therefore, it can be inferred that sediment organic-matters in the subducted slab could be retained in the deep lithosphere, and the results are also significant for understanding the accumulation and preservation of petroleum in deep reservoirs. | WANG ChuanYuan1,2,4, DU JianGuo1?, DUAN Yi 2, XIE HongSen3, CHEN GuoJun2 & WANG WanChun2 1 Insititute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Admnistration, Beijing 100036, China 2 Lanzhou Insititute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 3 Insititute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China 4 Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，10： | 3 |
| 14 | A circum-earth shear zone at low-latitudes and episodic large earthquakes in it and the circum-Pacific seismic zone显示文摘Because of the differential motions between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres of the Earth, there exists a motion discordant zone between them. On the surface this zone consists of 13 large faults dominant with strike-slip. We call it a global shear zone at low-latitudes (E system). By statistical analysis of temporal distribution of earthquakes Mw≥7.5 in the E system and the circum-Pacific (P system) during 1900―2003, we find that there exist quasi-episodic and alternative activities in and between these two systems. This phenomenon is likely associated with the half-sphere oscillation in dilation and contraction and the change of the Earth’s rotation rate. | MA Zongjin1, DU Pinren1, REN Jinwei2 & GAO Xianglin1 1. Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China 2. Institute of Earthquake Science, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，9： | 3 |
| 15 | Plumb line variation at Tangshan during 1987―1998 and its relation with the earthquakes around显示文摘Plumb line variations(PLV) at Tangshan during the years of 1987―1998 are determined by using the 46 batch repeated gravity observations of the Beijing-Tangshan network.It has been found that PLV at Tangshan are related with the 38 earthquakes in this period.It appears that the time of an earthquake around Tangshan is usually quite the same when PLV at Tangshan begins moving in opposite direction. | LI ZhengXin1,2 & LI Hui3 1 Shanghai Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China 2 Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuchang 430077,China 3 Institute of Seismology,China Earthquake Administration,Wuchang 430071,China | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，1： | 3 |
| 16 | Organic geochemical studies of sinking particulate material in China sea area Ⅱ——Geochemical significance of compositional features of ketone, aldehyde and alcohol compounds显示文摘SINKING particulate organic matter of the sea plays an important role in marine environment. Itnot only provides food for marine organisms and takes part in chemical cycling, but also pro-vides sedimentary organic matter for marine sediments. Therefore, researchers always payclose attention to the source and processes of transport and transformation of marine sinkingparticulate organic matter. Its transport process can be understood by measuring the | DUAN Yi,CUl Mingzhong, MA Lanhua, SONG Jinming, ZHOU Shixin and LUO Binjie1. Lanzhou Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. Earthquake Research Institute of Lanzhou, SSB, Lanzhou 730000, China 3. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China | 1997 | Chinese Science Bulletin1997，42，22： | 1 |
| 17 | Experimental research on critical point hy- pothesis显示文摘According to the critical point hypothesis (CPH), energy release would accelerate in power law before occurrence of large earthquakes or failure of brittle materials. In the paper, CPH was studied by acoustic emission experiments of large-scale rock samples. Three kinds of rock samples were used in the experiments. The tri-axial loading con- dition was applied under different loading histories. The released elastic energy (Acoustic emission) was recorded with acoustic emission technique as microcracks emerged and developed inside the rock samples. The experimen- tal results gave a further verification on the CPH. The elastic energy release of rock samples would accelerate be- fore the failure even under different experimental conditions. Primary studies were also made on medium-term earthquake prediction by using accelerating energy release (AER) in the paper. | 余怀忠 尹祥础State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Institute of Earthquake Science China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100036 China 夏蒙棼 许昭永 李敏 梁乃刚 彭克银State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Institute of Earthquake Science China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100036 China Victor Kukshenko 吴智深 李琦 Surguei Elizarov | 2004 | Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition)2004，17，z1： | 0 |
| 18 | Locating seismic scatterers at the base of the mantle beneath eastern Tibet with PKIKP precursors显示文摘Clear PKIKP precursors were observed from the Lanzhou CTBTO seismic array.We measured their incident angles,arriving azimuths and differential travel times with respect to the PKIKP arrivals using array analysis techniques.These measurements allowed us to locate the scatterers that generated the observed precursors.We found that the scatterers are located in the lowermost mantle beneath eastern Tibet,which is featured by a high-velocity anomaly based on previous tomographic studies.The high velocity anomaly was interpreted as the slab remnants of the ancient Tethys subduction.We thus speculate that the observed scatterers are either related or induced by the subducted slab. | SHEN XuZhang 1,2,3 & ZHOU HuiLan 1 1 Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics,Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 2 Lanzhou Institute of Seismology,China Earthquake Administration,Lanzhou 730000,China 3 Lanzhou Base of Institute of Earthquake Prediction,China Earthquake Administration,Lanzhou 730000,China | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，8： | 0 |
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