| 2 | 光致热效应促进的全光谱光催化CO_(2)还原显示文摘以半导体等为催化剂,在太阳能作用下将CO2和H2O转化为可再生燃料与氧气的“人工光合作用”有望同时解决目前面临的严峻能源和环境问题,因而备受关注.但半导体催化剂光谱响应范围较窄、表面反应动力学缓慢,从而导致目前仍无法获得可观的太阳能-燃料转换效率.已有很多研究采用了晶面调控、元素掺杂和异质结构建等方法,以提高半导体光催化剂的太阳能-燃料转换效率,但效果仍不令人满意,主要原因是半导体光催化剂很难在吸收带边-氧化还原能力和活性-稳定性这两种关系中取得较好的平衡.此外,光催化反应中的动力学也是主要问题之一,尤其在人工光合作用反应中,CO2还原半反应和H2O氧化半反应的动力学均较困难, 这已成为共识, 而解决这个问题, 将有助于我们从一新的角度理解光催化过程, 从而提升光催化反应性能.本文以Au NP/金红石为模型催化剂, 纯金红石为参照, 证明了存在太阳光中的红外光致热和可见光诱导的等离激元热效应等两类光致热效应, 它们均可以促进人工光合作用反应. 研究发现, 人工光合作用反应与其他许多化学反应一样, 表观活化能为正, 从而表明动力学因素在该反应中起着重要作用. 此外, 根据不同反应温度下的结果, 通过计算Au NP/金红石和纯金红石上生成CO和CH4的表观活化能, 发现在这二种样品上CH4的表观活化能均高于CO, 这就从动力学上解释了热力学上更容易得到的CH4在绝大多光催化CO2还原反应中的产率均低于CO. 此外, 无论是对于CO还是CH4, Au NP/金红石的催化表观活化能均低于纯金红石的. 因此, 本文从实验上提供了贵金属纳米粒子改善人工光合作用动力学的实验证据,并从动力学角度解释了人工光合作用反应中的活性和选择性问题. 本研究证明了动力学因素在光催化反应, 尤其是人工光合作用反应中的重要性, 并提出了从动力学角度提升人工光合作用反应的新方法, 即利用太阳光的光致热效应加速反应, 这不仅有助于提升太阳能转化效率, 也有望减少反应设备成本, 从而促进其大规模应用. | 汪弘嘉 王艳杰 郭令举 张雪华 Caue Ribeiro 贺涛 | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Catalysis2020，41，1： | 1 |
| 11 | A WW Domain-Containing Protein Forms Immune Nuclear Bodies against Begomoviruses显示文摘The bipartite begomoviruses (Geminiviridae family), which are DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus of infected cells, encode the nuclear shuttle protein (NSP) to facilitate the translocation of viral DNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm via nuclear pores. This intracellular trafficking of NSP-DNA complexes is accessorized by the NSP-interacting guanosine triphosphatase (NIG) at the cytosolic side. Here, we report the nuclear redistribution of NIG by AtWWPI, a WW domain-containing protein that forms immune nuclear bodies (NBs) against begomoviruses. We demonstrated that AtWWPI relocates NIG from the cytoplasm to the nucleus where it is confined to AtWWP1-NBs, suggesting that the NIG-AtWWP1 interaction may interfere with the NIG pro-viral function associated with its cytosolic localization. Consistent with this assumpti on joss AtWWPI functi on cuased plants more susceptible to begomovirus infection, whereas overexpression of AWWP1 enhaneed plant resistance to begomovirus. Furthermore, we found that a mutant versi on of AtWWPI defective for NB formatio n was noIonger capable of interacti ng with and relocating NIG to the nucleus and lost its immune function against begomovirus. The antiviral function of AtWWP1-NBs, however, could be antagonized by viral infection that induced either the disruption or a decrease in the number of AtWWP1-NBs. Collectively, these results led us to propose that AtWWPI organizes nuclear structures into nuclear foci, which provide intrinsic immunity against begomovirus infection. | lara P. Calil lana P.S. Quadros Thais C. Araujo Christiane E.M. Duarte Bianca C. Gouveia-Mageste Jose Cleydson F. Silva Otavio J.B. Brustolini Ruan M. Teixeira Caue N. Oliveira Rafael W.M.M. Milagres Gilberto S. Martins Joanne Chory Pedro A.B. Reis Joao Paulo B. Machado Elizabeth P.B. Fontes | 2018 | Molecular Plant2018，11，12： | 0 |
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