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| 1 | 标准·方案·指南——2014年美国癌症学会最新宫颈癌筛查指南及筛查中存在的问题显示文摘美国癌症学会(ACS)每年都会发布有关癌症早期检测、癌症筛查率数据与趋势报告及相关问题的指南,并会持续关注可能需要在癌症筛查指南中做出相应改变与更新的医学科学文献中出现的新证据以及需要传达给临床工作者与公众的筛查相关信息。在制定新指南的过程中,ACS至少每5年对指南更新1次,如有重要新证据出现,则更新间隔时间会更短。本期就2014年ACS关于宫颈癌筛查的最新指南报道如下。 | Robert A Smith Deana Manassaram-Baptiste Durado Brooks Vilma Cokkinides Mary Doroshenk Debbie Saslow Richard C Wender Otis W Brawley 王静 | 2014 | 中国全科医学2014，17，27： | 16 |
| 2 | Colonoscopy surveillance for high risk polyps does not always prevent colorectal cancer显示文摘AIM To determine the frequency and risk factors for colorectal cancer(CRC) development among individuals with resected advanced adenoma(AA)/traditional serrated adenoma(TSA)/advanced sessile serrated adenoma(ASSA). METHODS Data was collected from medical records of 14663 subjects found to have AA, TSA, or ASSA at screening or surveillance colonoscopy. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease or known genetic predisposition for CRC were excluded from the study. Factors associated with CRC developing after endoscopic management of high risk polyps were calculated in 4610 such patients who had at least one surveillance colonoscopy within 10 years following the original polypectomy of the incident advanced polyp. RESULTS84/4610(1.8%) patients developed CRC at the polypectomy site within a median of 4.2 years(mean 4.89 years), and 1.2%(54/4610) developed CRC in a region distinct from the AA/TSA/ASSA resection site within a median of 5.1 years(mean 6.67 years). Approximately, 30%(25/84) of patients who developed CRC at the AA/TSA/ASSA site and 27.8%(15/54) of patients who developed CRC at another site had colonoscopy at recommended surveillance intervals. Increasing age; polyp size; male sex; right-sided location; high degree of dysplasia; higher number of polyps resected; and piecemeal removal were associated with an increased risk for CRC developmentat the same site as the index polyp. Increasing age; right-sided location; higher number of polyps resected and sessile endoscopic appearance of the index AA/TSA/ASSA were significantly associated with an increased risk for CRC development at a different site. CONCLUSION Recognition that CRC may develop following AA/TSA/ASSA removal is one step toward improving our practice efficiency and preventing a portion of CRC related morbidity and mortality. | Mohamad A Mouchli Lidia Ouk Marianne R Scheitel Alisha P Chaudhry Donna Felmlee-Devine Diane E Grill Shahrooz Rashtak Panwen Wang Junwen Wang Rajeev Chaudhry Thomas C Smyrk Ann L Oberg Brooke R Druliner Lisa A Boardman | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，8： | 5 |
| 3 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 4 | 直接评估吗啡刺激糖尿病人隐静脉内皮一氧化氮释放减少显示文摘to directly measure in real time basal and stimulated levels of NO released from human saphenous vein endothelium and to quantify the expression of the μopiate receptor, which has been linked with NO release. METHODS: Saphenous vein segments from patients with type 2 diabetes ( n = 12) and patients without diabetes (n =8) were obtained. The release of NO was measured directly from the endothelium using a NO-specific amperometric probe. NΩ-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 0.1 mmol/L), a NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, or morphine (1 μmol/L), a stimulant, was administered and the measurements were repeated. Values were reported relative to the mean initial measurement of NO release from diabetic endothelium, which was defined as the relative zero level of NO release. A RT-PCR was then performed on the endothelium to measureμ opiate receptor expression. RESULTS: Diabetic patients (n = 12) showed a relative and significantly diminished basal level of released NO, (0.049± 0.012) nmol/L, compared | Thomas V BILHNGER, James A VOSSWINKEL, Patrick CADET, Christos M RIALAS, Harold I MAGAZINE, George B STEFANO(Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital and Medical Center, HSC, T19-080, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8191 Neuroscience Research Institute, State University of New York College at Old Westbury, Old Westbury, New York , USA) | 2002 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2002，23，2： | 3 |
| 5 | Benefits of the use of blood conservation in scoliosis surgery显示文摘AIM To investigate whether autologous blood transfusion(ABT) drains and intra-operative cell salvage reduced donor blood transfusion requirements during scoliosis surgery.METHODS Retrospective data collection on transfusion requirements of patients undergoing scoliosis surgery is between January 2006 and March 2010. There were three distinct phases of transfusion practice over this time: Group A received 'traditional treatment' with allogeneic red cell transfusion(ARCT) in response to an intra- or postoperative anaemia(Hb < 8 g/d L or a symptomatic anaemia); Group B received intra-operative cell salvage in addition to 'traditional treatment'. In group C,ABT wound drains were used together with both intra-operative cell salvage and 'traditional treatment'.RESULTS Data from 97 procedures on 77 patients,there was no difference in mean preoperative haemoglobin levels between the groups(A: 13.1 g/d L; B: 13.49 g/d L; C: 13.66 g/d L). Allogeneic red cell transfusion was required for 22 of the 37 procedures(59%) in group A,17 of 30(57%) in group B and 16 of 30(53%) in group C. There was an overall 6% reduction in the proportion of patients requiring an ARCT between groups A and C but this was not statistically significant(χ2 = 0.398). Patientsin group C received fewer units(mean 2.19) than group B(mean 2.94)(P = 0.984) and significantly fewer than those in group A(mean 3.82)(P = 0.0322). Mean length of inpatient stay was lower in group C(8.65 d) than in groups B(12.83) or A(12.62).CONCLUSION When used alongside measures to minimise blood loss during surgery,ABT drains and intra-operative cell salvage leads to a reduced need for donor blood transfusion in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery. | Peter R Loughenbury Lyeanda Berry Ben T Brooke Abhay S Rao Robert A Dunsmuir Peter A Millner | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，12： | 3 |
| 6 | The role of endoscopy in the evaluation of suspected choledocholithiasis显示文摘 | John T. Maple Tamir Ben-Menachem Michelle A. Anderson Vasundhara Appalaneni Subhas Banerjee Brooks D. Cash Laurel Fisher M. Edwyn Harrison Robert D. Fanelli Norio Fukami Steven O. Ikenberry Rajeev Jain Khalid Khan Mary Lee Krinsky Laura Strohmeyer Jason A | 2010 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2010，，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Relation of tumor content of estrogen and progesterone receptors with response of patients to endocrine therapy显示文摘 | Brooks SC Saunders DE Singhakowinta A | 1980 | Cancer1980，46，12： | 2 |
| 8 | p38 mitogen-actiated protein kinase regulates cycloxxygenase - 2 mRNA stability and transcription in ipopolysacharide-treated human monocytes显示文摘 | Dean J L Brook M Clark A R | 1999 | J Biol Chen1999，274，： | 1 |
| 9 | Free radical and tissue damage produced by exercise显示文摘 | DAVIES K J A QUINTANILHA T A BROOKS G A | 1982 | Biochem Biopsy Res Commun1982，107，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Synchronous liver resection and cryotherapy for colorectal metastases : survival analysis 显示文摘 | Brooks A J Wang F Alfredson M d al | 2005 | Surgeon2005，3，4： | 1 |
| 11 | A robust layered control system for a mobile robot显示文摘 | Brooks R A | 1986 | IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation1986，2，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Design and synthese of 2-methyl-2-{4-phenoxy}propionic acids:a new class of dual PPARα/γagonists显示文摘 | Etgen G J Rito C J | 2001 | J Med Chem2001，44，13： | 1 |
| 13 | TLR9 traffics through the Golgi complex to localize to endolysosomes and respond to CpG DNA显示文摘 | CHOCKALINGAM A BROOKS J C CAMERON J L | 2009 | Immunol Cell Biol2009，87，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Chloroform fu- migation and the release of soil nitrogen: a rapid direct extraction method to measure microbial biomass nitrogen显示文摘 | Brookes P C Landman A G Pruden G | 1987 | Soil Biology and Biochemistry1987，19，6： | 1 |
| 15 | The effect of osteogenic growth factors on bone growth into a ceramic-filled defect around an implant显示文摘 | Clarke S A Brooks R A Lee P T | 2004 | Bone Joint Surg Br2004，22，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Virus infection expands a biased subset of T ceils that bind tetrameric class I peptide complexes 显示文摘 | COLES R M JONES C M BROOKS A G | 2003 | Eur J Immunol2003，33，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Environmental jolts and industry revolutions: Organizational responses to discontinuous change显示文摘 | Meyer A D Brook G Goes J B | 1990 | Strategic Management Journal1990，11，： | 1 |
| 18 | The essence of SNPs显示文摘 | Brookes A J | 1999 | Gene1999，234，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Optimalclinical timelines-a consensus from the academic department ofmilitary surgery and trauma显示文摘 | Tai NR Brooks A Midwinter M Clasper JC Parker PJ | 2009 | J R Army Med Corps2009，155，4： | 1 |
| 20 | A robust layered control system for a mobile robot显示文摘 | BROOKS R A | 1986 | IEEE J Robotics Autom1986，，： | 1 |
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