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| 1 | Diagnosis and therapy of ascites in liver cirrhosis显示文摘Ascites is one of the major complications of liver cirrhosis and is associated with a poor prognosis. It is important to distinguish noncirrhotic from cirrhotic causes of ascites to guide therapy in patients with noncirrhotic ascites. Mild to moderate ascites is treated by salt restriction and diuretic therapy. The diuretic of choice is spironolactone. A combination treatment with furosemide might be necessary in patients who do not respond to spironolactone alone. Tense ascites is treated by paracentesis, followed by albumin infusion and diuretic therapy. Treatment options for refractory ascites include repeated paracentesis and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement in patients with a preserved liver function. Potential complications of ascites are spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). SBP is diagnosed by an ascitic neutrophil count > 250 cells/mm3 and is treated with antibiotics. Patients who survive a first episode of SBP or with a low protein concentration in the ascitic fluid require an antibiotic prophylaxis. The prognosis of untreated HRS type 1 is grave. Treatment consists of a combination of terlipressin and albumin. Hemodialysis might serve in selected patients as a bridging therapy to liver transplantation. Liver transplantation should be considered in all patients with ascites and liver cirrhosis. | Erwin Biecker | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，10： | 70 |
| 2 | Portal hypertension and gastrointestinal bleeding:Diagnosis,prevention and management显示文摘Bleeding from esophageal varices is a life threatening complication of portal hypertension.Primary prevention of bleeding in patients at risk for a first bleeding episode is therefore a major goal.Medical prophylaxis consists of non-selective beta-blockers like propranolol or carvedilol.Variceal endoscopic band ligation is equally effective but procedure related morbidity is a drawback of the method.Therapy of acute bleeding is based on three strategies:vasopressor drugs like terlipressin,antibiotics and endoscopic therapy.In refractory bleeding,self-expandable stents offer an option for bridging to definite treatments like transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS).Treatment of bleeding from gastric varices depends on vasopressor drugs and on injection of varices with cyanoacrylate.Strategies for primary or secondary prevention are based on non-selective beta-blockers but data from large clinical trials is lacking.Therapy of refractory bleeding relies on shuntprocedures like TIPS.Bleeding from ectopic varices,portal hypertensive gastropathy and gastric antral vascular ectasia-syndrome is less common.Possible medical and endoscopic treatment options are discussed. | Erwin Biecker | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，31： | 47 |
| 3 | Diagnosis and therapy of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding显示文摘Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB) is defined as bleeding proximal to the ligament of Treitz in the absence of oesophageal, gastric or duodenal varices. The clinical presentation varies according to the intensity of bleeding from occult bleeding to melena or haematemesis and haemorrhagic shock. Causes of UGIB are peptic ulcers, Mallory-Weiss lesions,erosive gastritis, reflux oesophagitis, Dieulafoy lesions or angiodysplasia. After admission to the hospital a structured approach to the patient with acute UGIB that includes haemodynamic resuscitation and stabilization as well as pre-endoscopic risk stratification has to be done. Endoscopy offers not only the localisation of the bleeding site but also a variety of therapeutic measures like injection therapy, thermocoagulation or endoclips. Endoscopic therapy is facilitated by acid suppression with proton pump inhibitor(PPI) therapy. These drugs are highly effective but the best route of application(oral vs intravenous) and the adequate dosage are still subjects of discussion. Patients with ulcer disease are tested for Helicobacter pylori and eradication therapy should be given if it is present. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs have to be discontinued if possible. If discontinuation is not possible, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in combination with PPI have the lowest bleeding risk but the incidence of cardiovascular events is increased. | Erwin Biecker | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2015，6，4： | 17 |
| 4 | Fulminant sepsis after liver biopsy:A long forgotten complication?显示文摘We report on a 74-year-old patient with recurrent cholangitis and a large juxtapapillary duodenal diverticulum. Despite drainage of the common bile duct by an endoscopically placed stent, the elevated liver enzymes normalized only partially. To rule out other possible causes of liver injury, a percutaneous liver biopsy was done. After the liver biopsy the patient developed fulminant septic shock and died within 24 h. We discuss the possible causes of the septic shock following percutaneous liver biopsy in our patient and give a concise overview of the literature. | Corinna Claudi Martin Henschel Jürgen Vogel Michael Schepke Erwin Biecker | 2013 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2013，1，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Defective RhoA/Rho-Kinase Signaling Contributes to Vascular Hypocontractility and Vasodilation in Cirrhotic Rats显示文摘 | Martin Hennenberg Erwin Biecker Jonel Trebicka Kerstin Jochem Qi Zhou Martina Schmidt Karl H. Jakobs Tilman Sauerbruch J?rg Heller | 2006 | Gastroenterology2006，，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Vascular dysfunc-tion in human and rat cirrhosis: role of receptor-desensitizing and calcium-sensitizing proteins 显示文摘 | Hennenberg M Trebicka J Biecker E | 2007 | Hepatology2007，45，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Long-term treatment of bile duct-ligated rats with rapamycin (sirolimus) significantly attenuates liver fibrosis:analysis of the underlying mechanisms显示文摘 | Biecker E De Gottardi A NeefM | 2005 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2005，313，： | 1 |
| 8 | Long-term treatment of bile duct-ligated rats with rapamycin(sirolimus)significantly attenuates liver fibrosis:analysis of the underlying mechanisms 显示文摘 | Biecker E De Gottardi A Neef M | 2005 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2005，313，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Defective RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling contributes to vas-cular hypocontractilityand vasodilation in cirrhotic rats 显示文摘 | HENNENBERG M BIECKER E TREBICKA J | 2006 | Gastroenterology2006，130，： | 1 |
| 10 | Does therapy of oesophageal varices influences the progression of varices?显示文摘 | Erwin Biecker Leonie Classen Tilman Sauerbruch Michael Schepke | 2009 | European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology2009，，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Vascular dysfunction in human and rat cirrhosis: role of receptor-desensitiziug and calciumsensitizing proteins 显示文摘 | Hennenberg M Trebicka J Biecker E | 2007 | Hepatology2007，45，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Long-term treatment of bile duct-ligated rats with rapamycin ( sirolimus ) significantly attenuates liver fibrosis: analysis of the underlying mechanisms显示文摘 | Biecker E De Gottardi A Neef M | 2005 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2005，313，： | 1 |
| 13 | Potential role of endothelin-1 inischaemla-induced angiogenesis in critical leg ischaemia显示文摘 | Tsui JC Baker DM Biecker E | 2002 | Br J Surg2002，89，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Long-term treatment of bile duct-ligated rats with rapamycin(sirolimus)significantly attenuates liver fibrosis:analysis of the underlying mechanisms显示文摘 | Biecker E De Gottardi A Neef M | 2005 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2005，313，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Spontaneous regression of an inflammatory pseudotumor of the liver显示文摘 | Biecker E Zimmermann A Dufour J F | 2003 | Z Gastroenterol2003，41，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Long-term treatment of bile duct-ligatcd rats with rapamycin (sirolimus) significantly attenuates liver fibrosis : analysis of the underlying mechanisms 显示文摘 | Biecker E De Gottardl A Neef M | 2005 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2005，313，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Long-term treatment ofbile duct-ligated rats with rapamycin (sirolimus) significantly attenu-ates liver fibrosis : analysis of the underlying mechanisms 显示文摘 | Biecker E De Gottardi A Neef M | 2005 | JPharmacol Exp Ther2005，313，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Long-term treat-ment of bile duct-ligated rats with rapamycin(sirolimus)significantly attenuates oiver fibrosis:analysis of the underly-ing mechanisms显示文摘 | Biecker E De Gottardi A Neff M | 2005 | Pharmacol Exp Ther2005，313，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Benign hepatic tumours 显示文摘 | Biecker E Fischer HP Strunk H | 2003 | Z Gastroenterol2003，41，： | 1 |
| 20 | Portal hypertension is associated with increased mRNA levels of vasopressor G- proteincoupled receptors in human hepatic arteries 显示文摘 | Biecker E Heller J | 2003 | Eur J Clin Invest2003，33，： | 1 |
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