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| 1 | Efficacy of peroral endoscopic myotomy vs other achalasia treatments in improving esophageal function显示文摘AIM: To assess and compare the esophageal function after peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM) vs other conventional treatments in achalasia.METHODS: Chart review of all achalasia patients who underwent POEM, laparoscopic Heller myotomy(LHM) or pneumatic dilation(PD) at our institution between January 2012 and March 2015 was performed. Patient demographics, type of achalasia, prior treatments, pre- and post-treatment timed barium swallow(TBE) and high-resolution esophageal manometry(HREM) findings were compared between the three treatment groups. Patients who had both pre- and 2 mo posttreatment TBE or HREM were included in the final analysis. TBE parameters compared were barium column height, width and volume of barium remaining at 1 and 5 min. HREM parameters compared were basal lower esophageal sphincter(LES) pressures and LES-integrated relaxation pressures(IRP). Data are presented as mean ± SD, median [25th, 75 th percentiles] or frequency(percent). Analysis of variance, KruskalWallis test, Pearsons χ~2 test and Fishers Exact tests were used for analysis.RESULTS: A total of 200 achalasia patients were included of which 36 underwent POEM, 22 underwent PD and 142 underwent LHM. POEM patients were older(55.4 ± 16.8 years vs 46.5 ± 15.7 years, P = 0.013) and had higher BMI than LHM(29.1 ± 5.9 kg/m^2 vs 26 ± 5.1 kg/m^2, P = 0.012). More number of patients in POEM and PD groups had undergone prior treatments compared to LHM group(72.2% vs 68.2% vs 44.3% respectively, P = 0.003). At 2 mo post-treatment, all TBE parameters including barium column height, width and volume remaining at 1 and 5 min improved significantly in all three treatment groups(P = 0.01 to P < 0.001) except the column height at 1 min in PD group(P = 0.11). At 2 mo post-treatment, there was significant improvement in basal LES pressure and LES-IRP in both LHM(40.5 mm Hg vs 14.5 mm Hg and 24 mm Hg vs 7.1 mm Hg respectively, P < 0.001) and POEM groups(38.7 mm Hg vs 11.4 mm Hg and 23.6 mm Hg vs 6.6 mm Hg respectively, P < 0.001). However, when the efficacy of three treatments were compared to each other in terms of improvement in TBE or HREM parameters at 2 mo, there was no significant difference(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION: POEM, PD and LHM were all effective in improving esophageal function in achalasia at shortterm. There was no difference in efficacy between the three treatments. | Madhusudhan R Sanaka Umar Hayat Prashanthi N Thota Ramprasad Jegadeesan Monica Ray Scott L Gabbard Neha Wadhwa Rocio Lopez Mark E Baker Sudish Murthy Siva Raja | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，20： | 7 |
| 2 | Silvicultural alternatives to conventional even-aged forest man-agement-what limits global adoption?显示文摘Background: The development of forestry as a scientific and management discipline over the last two centuries has mainly emphasized intensive management operations focused on increased commodity production, mostly wood. This 'conventional' forest management approach has typically favored production of even-aged, single-species stands. While alternative management regimes have generally received less attention, this has been changing over the last three decades, especially in countries with developed economies. Reasons for this change include a combination of new information and concerns about the ecological consequences of intensive forestry practices and a willingness on the part of many forest owners and society to embrace a wider set of management objectives. Alternative silvicultural approaches are characterized by a set of fundamental principles, including avoidance of clearcutting, an emphasis on structural diversity and small-scale variability, deployment of mixed species with natural regeneration,and avoidance of intensive site-preparation methods.Methods: Our compilation of the authors' experiences and perspectives from various parts of the world aims to initiate a larger discussion concerning the constraints to and the potential of adopting alternative silvicultural practices.Results: The results suggest that a wider adoption of alternative silvicultural practices is currently hindered by a suite of ecological, economic, logistical, informational, cultural, and historical constraints. Individual contexts display their own unique combinations and relative significance of these constraints, and accordingly, targeted efforts, such as regulations and incentives, may help to overcome specific challenges.Conclusions: In a broader context, we propose that less emphases on strict applications of principles and on stand structures might provide additional flexibility and facilitate the adoption of alternative silvicultural regimes in a broader set of circumstances. At the same time, the acceptance of alternative silvicultural systems as the 'preferred or default mode of management' wil necessitate and benefit from the continued development of the scientific basis and valuation of a variety of ecosystem goods and services. This publication is aimed to further the discussion in this context. | Klaus J Puettmann Scott McG Wilson Susan C Baker Pablo J Donoso Lars Dr?ssler Girma Amente Brian D Harvey Thomas Knoke Yuanchang Lu Susanna Nocentini Francis E Putz Toshiya Yoshida Jürgen Bauhus | 2015 | Forest Ecosystems2015，2，2： | 4 |
| 3 | 碎石封层技术在国外乡村道路改造中的应用显示文摘碎石封层技术是国外应用广泛而成熟的一项罩面技术,以西班牙马德里城郊的乡村路的改造为例,阐述碎石封层技术的施工及其注意事项。这对于我国乡村路的升级改造以及碎石封层的应用具有一定的借鉴和指导意义。 | 周海生 吕晓晞 Ronald E Baker | 2007 | 石油沥青2007，21，5： | 3 |
| 4 | 阻抗技术原理显示文摘理解生物组织的电阻抗及其随生理活动的变化是一件复杂和困难的事情。本文的目的是对电阻抗在医学中的应用作一概括的介绍,只述及简单的基础。关于这一领域的更深入的知识和研究动态。可参考Penney.Ackmann和Seitz.Geddes和Baker等人的论述。 | Lee E Baker 任超世 | 1989 | 国外医学(生物医学工程分册)1989，12，5： | 3 |
| 5 | Aerosol size distributions of elemental and organic carbon in urban and over-water atmospheres显示文摘 | John H Offenberg Joel E Baker | 2000 | Atmospheric Environment2000，，10： | 2 |
| 6 | Subtype-selective antagonists of lysophosphatidic acid receptors inhibit platelet activation triggered by the lipid core of atherosclerotic plaques显示文摘 | ROTHER E BRANDL R BAKER D L | 2003 | Circulation2003，108，6： | 2 |
| 7 | An evaluation of the quantitative and radiation features of a scanning X-ray transverse axial tomograph:The EMI scanner显示文摘 | McCullough E C Baker H L House O W | 1974 | Radiat Phys1974，111，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Lidar-measured winds from space: a key component for weather and climate prediction 显示文摘 | BAKER W E EMMITT G D ROBERTSON F | 1995 | Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society1995，76，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Methodology for assessing zinc bioavailability: efficacy estimates for zinc-methionine, zinc sulfate, and zinc oxide显示文摘 | Wedekind K J Hortin A E Baker D H | 1992 | Journal of Animal Science1992，70，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Comparison of reaction mechanism of epoxy resins undergoing thermal and microwave cure from insitu measurements of microwave dieltric properxties and infrared spectroscopy显示文摘 | Marand E Baker K R Graybeal J D | 1992 | Macromolecules1992，25，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Lead-induced anemia: doseresponse relationships and evidence for a threshold 显示文摘 | Schwartz J Landrigan P J Baker E L | 1990 | American Journal Public Health1990，80，： | 1 |
| 12 | Role of insulin-like growth factors in embryonic and postnatal growth显示文摘 | Liu J P Robertson E J | 1993 | Cell1993，75，： | 1 |
| 13 | Basic functionalization of polyethylene in the melt 显示文摘 | Simons A Baker W E | 1989 | Polymer Engineering and Science1989，29，： | 1 |
| 14 | Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence can improve crop production strategies: an examination of future possibilities 显示文摘 | Baker N R Rosenqvist E | 2004 | Journal of Experimental Botany2004，55，403： | 1 |
| 15 | Use of catalysts in biomass gasification显示文摘 | L K Mudge E G Baker | 1985 | Solar Energy Eng1985，107，： | 1 |
| 16 | Peritumoral CD1a-positive dendritic cells are associated with improved survival in patients with tongue carcinoma显示文摘 | Goldman SA Baker E Weyant RJ | 1998 | Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg1998，124，： | 1 |
| 17 | Polyolefin/Polystyrene In Situ Compatibilization Using Fridel-Crafts Alkylation 显示文摘 | Jun S Y Baker W E | 1997 | J Appl Polym Sci1997，65，： | 1 |
| 18 | The synergistic effect of mar- ket orientation and learning orientation on organizational performance显示文摘 | Baker W E Sinkula J M | 1999 | Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science1999，27，4： | 1 |
| 19 | The role of fibrinogen and fibrinolysis in penpheral arterial disease 显示文摘 | Paraskevas K I Baker D M Vrentzos G E | 2008 | Thromb Res2008，122，： | 1 |
| 20 | Harpin, an elicitor of the hypersensitive response in tobacco caused by Erwinia amylovora, elicits active oxygen production in suspension cells 显示文摘 | BAKER C J ORLANDI E W MOCK N M | 1993 | Plant Physiology1993，102，： | 1 |
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