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| 1 | 针对患者利益的机器学习和人工智能研究:在透明性、可重复性、伦理和有效性等方面的20个关键问题显示文摘机器学习(ML)、人工智能(AI)和其他现代统计方法正为利用先前尚未开发且极速增长的数据资源提供新的机会,以期让患者获益。尽管目前正在进行许多有前景的研究,特别是在图像方面,但就文献整体而言还缺乏透明度、对可重复性清晰的阐述、对潜在伦理问题的探究,以及对有效性的明确验证。这些问题的存在有许多原因,其中最重要的一点(为此我们提供了初步解决方案)就是当前缺乏针对ML和AI的最佳实践指南。我们认为从事研究的跨学科团队和应用ML/AI影响健康的项目,将因解决有关透明度、可重复性、伦理和有效性(TREE)的一系列问题而受益。这里提出的20个关键问题为研究团队提供了一个研究设计、实施和报告框架;帮助编辑和同行评审专家评估文献的贡献;让患者、临床医生和政策制定者评估新发现可能会给患者带来的获益。 | Sebastian Vollmer Bilal A Mateen Gergo Bohner Franz J Kirdly Rayid Ghani Pall Jonsson Sarah Cumbers Adrian Jonas Katherine S L McAllister Puja Myles David Granger Mark Birse Richard Branson Karel G M Moons Gary S Collins John P A Chris Holmes Harry Hemingwayp 李峰(译) 徐磊(校) 赵邑(校) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，9： | 5 |
| 2 | A left nonrecurrent inferior laryngealnerve in a patient with right-sided aorta,truncus rteriossus communis and anaberrant left innominate artery显示文摘 | Fellmer PT Bohner H Wolf A | 2010 | Thyroid2010，18，6： | 1 |
| 3 | Preoperative treatment with doxycycline reduces aortic wall expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms 显示文摘 | CURCI J A MAOD BOHNER D G | 2000 | J Vasc Surg2000，31，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Brushite conversion into apatite 显示文摘 | MLASY A BOHNER M | 2005 | Eur Cells Mater2005，10，： | 1 |
| 5 | Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airway pressure after major vascular surgery: results of a prospective randomized trial 显示文摘 | Bohner H Kindgen-Milles D Grust A | 2002 | Langen- becks Arch Sur2002，387，： | 1 |
| 6 | Ab initio investigation of diamond coatings on steel显示文摘 | BOHNER A JANISCH R HARTMAIER A | 2009 | Scripta Materialia2009，60，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Inequalities on time scales:A survey显示文摘 | Agarwal R P Bohner M Peterson A | 2001 | Math Inequal Appl2001，，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Structural and material approaches to bone tissue engineering in powder-based three-di- mensional printing 显示文摘 | A Butscher M Bohner S Hofmann | 2013 | Acta Biomaterialia2013，7，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Prophylactic nasal continuous positive airway pressure after major vascular surgery: results of a prospective randomized trial 显示文摘 | Bohner H Kindgen MD Grust A | 2002 | Langenbecks Arch Surg2002，387，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Moisture based three-dimensional printing of calcium phosphate structures for scaffold engineering显示文摘 | Butscher A Bohner M Doebelin N | 2013 | Acta Biomater2013，2，： | 1 |
| 11 | Dynamic equations on time scales:A survey (special issue on dynamic equatioins on time scales ed by R P Agarwal, M Bohner, D O' Regan ) 显示文摘 | R P Agarwal M Bohner D O Regan A Peterson | 2002 | Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics2002，141，12： | 1 |
| 12 | Structural and material approaches to bone tissue engineering in powder-based threedimensional printing显示文摘 | Butscher A Bohner M Hofmann S | 2011 | Acta Biomater2011，7，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Structural and material approaches to bone tissue engineering in powder-based three-di- mensional printing显示文摘 | Butscher A Bohner M Hofmann S | 2011 | Acta Biomaterialia2011，7，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Resorption patterns of calcium-phosphate cements in bone显示文摘 | Gisep A Wieling R Bohner M | 2003 | J Biomed Mater Res2003，66，3： | 1 |
| 15 | First and second order linear dynamic equations on time scales 显示文摘 | Bohner M Peterson A 2001 | 2001 | Difference Equations and Application2001，7，： | 1 |
| 16 | A left nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve in a patient with right-sided aorta, truncus arteriossus communis and an aberrant left innominate artery显示文摘 | Fellmer P T Bohner H Wolf A | 2008 | Thyroid2008，18，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Resorption patterns of calcium phosphate cement in bone 显示文摘 | Gisep A Wieling R Bohner M | 2003 | J Biomed Mater Res A2003，66，3： | 1 |
| 18 | On the oscillation of higher order neutral difference equations of mixed type显示文摘 | Agarwal R P Grace S R Bohner E A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Life threatening complication after transthoracic esophageal resection显示文摘 | Bohner H Muller E | 2001 | Chirurg2001，72，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Printability of calcium phosphate powders for three-dimensional printing of tissue engineering scaffolds 显示文摘 | BUTSCHER A BOHNER M ROTH C | 2012 | Aeta Biomater2012，8，1： | 1 |
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