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| 1 | Evidence to suggest adoption of water exchange deservesbroader consideration:Its pain alleviating impact occurs in90%of investigators显示文摘AIM: To determine variations in colonoscopy real-time insertion pain among investigators using three different insertion techniques.METHODS: From March 2013 through June 2014, 18-85-year-old diagnostic and 50-70-year-old screening patients were enrolled at each center to on-demand sedation colonoscopy with water exchange(WE), water immersion(WI) and insufflation with air or CO2 for insertion and withdrawal [air or carbon dioxide(AICD)]. Data were aggregated for analysis. Primary outcome: Variations in real-time maximum insertion pain(0 = none, 1-2 = discomfort, 10 = worst).RESULTS: One thousand and ninety-one cases analyzed: WE(n = 371); WI(n = 338); AICD(n = 382). Demographics and indications were comparable. The WE group had the lowest real-time maximum insertion pain score, mean(95%CI): WE 2.8(2.6-3.0), WI 3.8(3.5-4.1) and AICD 4.4(4.1-4.7), P < 0.0005. Ninety percent of the colonoscopists were able to use water exchange to significantly decrease maximum insertion pain scores. One investigator had high insertion pain in all groups, nonetheless WE achieved the lowest real-time maximum insertion pain score. WE had the highest proportions of patients with painless unsedated colonoscopy(vs WI, P = 0.013; vs AICD, P < 0.0005); unsedated colonoscopy with only minor discomfort(vs AICD, P < 0.0005), and completion without sedation(vs AICD, P < 0.0005).CONCLUSION: Aggregate data confirm superiority of WE in lowering colonoscopy real-time maximum insertion pain and need for sedation. Ninety percent of investigators were able to use water exchange to significantly decrease maximum insertion pain scores. Our results suggest that the technique deserves consideration in a broader scale. | Sergio Cadoni Mauro Liggi Premysl Falt Stefano Sanna Mariangela Argiolas Viviana Fanari Paolo Gallittu Donatella Mura Maria L Porcedda Vit Smajstrla Matteo Erriu Felix W Leung | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2016，8，2： | 2 |
| 2 | A potymorphism(k121Q) of the human ghycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance显示文摘 | PIZZUTI A FRITFTTLA L ARGIOLAS A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，9： | 1 |
| 3 | A Polymorphism(K121Q)of the Human Glycooprotein PC-1 Gene Coding Region is Strongly Associated with Insulin Resistance显示文摘 | PIZZUTI A FRITTITTA L ARGIOLAS A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，9： | 1 |
| 4 | A polymorphism (K121Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，： | 1 |
| 5 | A polymorphism(K121Q) of the human glycopmtein PC-1gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance 显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，： | 1 |
| 6 | A polymorphism(K121Q)of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associanted with insulin resistance显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，9： | 1 |
| 7 | A polymorphism(K121Q)of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，： | 1 |
| 8 | A polymorphism (K121Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，9： | 1 |
| 9 | A polymorphism (K121Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance 显示文摘 | Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，9： | 1 |
| 10 | Oxytocin-induced penile erection and yawning: site of action in the })rain 显示文摘 | MELIS M R ARGIOLAS A GESSA G L | 1986 | Brain Res1986，398，2： | 1 |
| 11 | A polymorphism (K121Q) of human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，： | 1 |
| 12 | Influenza vaccine in healthy preschool children显示文摘 | Colombo C Argiolas L La Vecchia C | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 13 | A polymorphism (K121Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Spinal cord stimulation and early experimental cerebral spasm:the'functional monitoring'and the'preventing effect'显示文摘 | Visocchi M Argiolas L Meglio M | 2001 | Acta Neurochir(Wien)2001，143，2： | 1 |
| 15 | A polymorphism (K121Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance 显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，： | 1 |
| 16 | A polymorphism (K121Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | A polymorphism (K12Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance 显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frititta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，： | 1 |
| 18 | A polymorphism (K121Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1 gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance 显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，9： | 1 |
| 19 | A polymorphism(K12Q) of the human glycoprotein PC-1gene coding region is strongly associated with inslin resistance显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，9： | 1 |
| 20 | A polymorphism(K121Q) of the human glycoprotein PC21gene coding region is strongly associated with insulin resistance显示文摘 | Pizzuti A Frittitta L Argiolas A | 1999 | Diabetes1999，48，9： | 1 |
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