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| 1 | Diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding: A practical guide for clinicians显示文摘Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common problem encountered in the emergency department and in the primary care setting. Acute or overt gastrointestinal bleeding is visible in the form of hematemesis, melena or hematochezia. Chronic or occult gastrointestinal bleeding is notapparent to the patient and usually presents as positive fecal occult blood or iron deficiency anemia. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is recurrent bleeding when the source remains unidentified after upper endoscopy and colonoscopic evaluation and is usually from the small intestine. Accurate clinical diagnosis is crucial and guides definitive investigations and interventions. This review summarizes the overall diagnostic approach to gastrointestinal bleeding and provides a practical guide for clinicians. | Bong Sik Matthew Kim Bob T Li Alexander Engel Jaswinder S Samra Stephen Clarke Ian D Norton Angela E Li | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2014，5，4： | 13 |
| 2 | Prolonged high-fat-diet feeding promotes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alters gut microbiota in mice显示文摘BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an epidemic largely due to the worldwide increase in obesity. While lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapies have been used to alleviate NAFLD, successful treatment options are limited. One of the main barriers to finding safe and effective drugs for long-term use in NAFLD is the fast initiation and progression of disease in the available preclinical models. Therefore, we are in need of preclinical models that (1) mimic the human manifestation of NAFLD and (2) have a longer progression time to allow for the design of superior treatments. AIM To characterize a model of prolonged high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for investigation of the long-term progression of NAFLD. METHODS In this study, we utilized prolonged HFD feeding to examine NAFLD features in C57BL/6 male mice. We fed mice with a HFD (60% fat, 20% protein, and 20% carbohydrate) for 80 wk to promote obesity (Old-HFD group, n = 18). A low-fat diet (LFD)(14% fat, 32% protein, and 54% carbohydrate) was administered for the same duration to age-matched mice (Old-LFD group, n = 15). An additional group of mice was maintained on the LFD (Young-LFD, n = 20) for a shorter duration (6 wk) to distinguish between age-dependent and age-independent effects. Liver, colon, adipose tissue, and feces were collected for histological and molecular assessments.RESULTS Prolonged HFD feeding led to obesity and insulin resistance. Histological analysis in the liver of HFD mice demonstrated steatosis, cell injury, portal and lobular inflammation and fibrosis. In addition, molecular analysis for markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress established that the liver tissue of HFD mice have increased phosphorylated Jnk and CHOP. Lastly, we evaluated the gut microbial composition of Old-LFD and Old-HFD. We observed that prolonged HFD feeding in mice increased the relative abundance of the Firmicutes phylum. At the genus level, we observed a significant increase in the abundance of Adercreutzia, Coprococcus, Dorea, and Ruminococcus and decreased relative abundance of Turicibacter and Anaeroplasma in HFD mice. CONCLUSION Overall, these data suggest that chronic HFD consumption in mice can mimic pathophysiological and some microbial events observed in NAFLD patients. | Kandy T Velázquez Reilly T Enos Jackie E Bader Alexander T Sougiannis Meredith S Carson Ioulia Chatzistamou James A Carson Prakash S Nagarkatti Mitzi Nagarkatti E Angela Murphy | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，8： | 6 |
| 3 | Chloroplast Proteins without Cleavable Transit Peptides: Rare Exceptions or a Major Constituent of the Chloroplast Proteome?显示文摘大多数叶绿体蛋白质(cp 蛋白质) 是编码原子核的,作为包含 presequence (cTP ) 的先锋蛋白质在 cytosolic 核糖体上综合了,并且 post-translationally 经由进细胞器的 Tic/Toc 建筑群进口了,在 cTP 被移开的地方。仅仅不要求 cTPs (不在经典中的 cp 蛋白质) 的 cp 蛋白质的一些不含糊的例子到目前为止被报导了。然而,从这里介绍的大规模 proteomic 研究的数据的调查建议在全部的 cp proteome 的如此的蛋白质的部分可能象 30% 一样大。探索这差异,我们选择了一个代表 28 通常认为的不在经典中的 cp 蛋白质设定,并且在 vitro 进口和红使用了荧光灯决定他们的亚 cellular 目的地的蛋白质(RFP ) 熔化试金。四蛋白质包括胚胎有缺陷者 1211, glycolate oxidase 2,蛋白质二硫化物象 isomerase 一样蛋白质(PDII ) ,和通常认为的谷胱甘肽 S-transferase,能明白地被分到叶绿体。几其它(潜在的 cp 蛋白质) 被发现在 vitro 被进口进叶绿体,但是当 RFP 被熔化到他们的 C 终端目的时,没能本地化到细胞器。推测建议进入的 cp 蛋白质的部分尽管他们缺乏 cTP,细胞器的内部分隔空间可能象 11.4% 全部的 cp proteome 一样大。我们的数据也支持把外部膜力量与 cp 联系的 cytosolic 蛋白质说明在更早的研究获得的假积极 cp 蛋白质的想法。 | Ute Armbruster Alexander Hertle Elina Makarenko Jessica Zuhlke Mathias Pribil Angela Dietzmann Ivo Schliebner Elena Aseeva Elena Fenino Michael Scharfenberg Christian Voigt Dario Leister | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，6： | 3 |
| 4 | Symposia Report Immunoglobulin G for the Treatment of Chronic Pain:Report of an Expert Workshop显示文摘背景:慢性疼痛的治疗效果仍不理想。尽管现在治疗慢性疼痛的药物种类较多,但许多患者对疗效仍不满意或诉药物的副作用太大。越来越多的证据表明,免疫系统参与了伤害性和神经病理性慢性疼痛的病理过程。设计:在英国利物浦的专题会议上,专家们出示了免疫系统参与慢性疼痛的证据。近来的研究表明,静脉(IVIg)或皮下(SCIg)注射免疫调节药物——多价免疫球蛋白(Ig G)可缓解外周神经病理性疼痛和其他疼痛性疾病。专题会议讨论了IVIg和SCIg治疗的适应证、效价比及其副作用。结果:Ig G可缓解某些伤害性和神经病理性慢性疼痛,如糖尿病、干燥综合征、纤维肌痛症、复杂性区域疼痛综合征、小儿麻痹后遗症和继发于病理性自身抗体的疼痛。结论:Ig G对某些慢性疼痛具有一定的治疗前景。Ig G是一种相对安全的治疗方法,副作用少而轻,但价格较贵。今后有必要对Ig G治疗顽固性疼痛进行随机对照研究和预测性临床试验。 | Stefano Tamburin Kristian Borg Xavier J. Caro Stefano Jann Alexander J. Clark Francesca Magrinelli Gen Sobue Lars Werhagen Giampietro Zanette Haruki Koike Peter J. Spath Angela Vincent Andreas Goebel | 2014 | 中国疼痛医学杂志2014，20，11： | 3 |
| 5 | Contribution of attachment insecurity to health-related quality of life in depressed patients显示文摘AIM: To examine the individual contributions of insecure attachment styles and depression symptom severity to health-related quality of life(HRQo L) in patients diagnosed with adjustment disorder(AJD) with depressed mood. METHODS: Participants were 67 patients diagnosed with International Classification of Diseases, Tenth edition AJD with depressed mood, who completed standardised self-report questionnaires measuring study variables. Mean scores and SDs were computed for the outcome and predictor measures. Pearson correlations among the measures were computed. The study hypotheses were tested using analysis of variance(ANOVA) and multiple regression analyses. All analyses were performed using the SPSS-17 software package(SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States).RESULTS: ANOVA showed a significant main effect of the insecure attachment styles on depression symptom severity and life satisfaction scores. The results suggestthat depressive symptoms were more severe(F = 4.13, df = 2.67, P < 0.05) and life satisfaction was poorer(F = 5.69, df = 2.67, P < 0.01) in both anxious-ambivalently and avoidantly attached patients compared with their securely attached counterparts, whereas the two insecure groups did not significantly differ by these variables. The anxious/ambivalent attachment style and depression symptom severity significantly contributed to HRQo L, accounting for 21.4% and 29.7% of the total variance, respectively [R2 = 0.79; Adjusted R2 = 0.77; F(5, 67) = 33.68, P < 0.0001], even after controlling for gender, marital and employment status confounders.CONCLUSION: The results show that the anxious/ambivalent attachment style together with depression symptom severity substantially and independently predict the HRQo L outcome in AJD with depressed mood. | Alexander M Ponizovsky Angela Drannikov | 2013 | World Journal of Psychiatry2013，3，2： | 1 |
| 6 | A Mitochondria-Targeted Macrocyclic Mn(II) Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic显示文摘 | Geoffrey F. Kelso Andrej Maroz Helena M. Cochemé Angela Logan Tracy A. Prime Alexander V. Peskin Christine C. Winterbourn Andrew M. James Meredith F. Ross Sally Brooker Carolyn M. Porteous Robert F. Anderson Michael P. Murphy Robin A.J. Smith | 2012 | Chemistry & Biology2012，，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Generation of activated and antigen-specific T cells with cytotoxic activity after co-culture with dendritic cells显示文摘 | Angela M?rten Tim Greten Carsten Ziske Sabine Renoth Bj?rn Sch?ttker Peter Buttgereit Frank Schakowski Alexander von Rücker Tilman Sauerbruch Ingo G. Schmidt-Wolf | 2002 | Cancer ImmunologyImmunotherapy2002，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | 1-[3-Aminobenzisoxazol-5′-yl]-3-trifluoromethyl-6-[2′-(3-( R )-hydroxy- N -pyrrolidinyl)methyl-[1,1′]-biphen-4-yl]-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrazolo-[3,4- c ]-pyridin-7-one (BMS-740808) a highly potent, selective, efficacious, and orally bioavailable inhibitor o显示文摘 | Donald J.P. Pinto Michael J. Orwat Mimi L. Quan Qi Han Robert A. Galemmo Eugene Amparo Brian Wells Christopher Ellis Ming Y. He Richard S. Alexander Karen A. Rossi Angela Smallwood Pancras C. Wong Joseph M. Luettgen Alan R. Rendina Robert M. Knabb Lawrenc | 2006 | Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters2006，，15： | 1 |
| 9 | Single Port Access (SPA?) laparoscopic ventral hernia repair: initial report of 30 cases显示文摘 | Erica R. Podolsky Angela Mouhlas Andrew S. Wu Alexander E. Poor Paul G. Curcillo | 2010 | Surgical Endoscopy2010，，7： | 1 |
| 10 | Unexpected nanomolar inhibition of carbonic anhydrase by COX-2-selective celecoxib: new pharmacological opportunities due to related binding site recognition 显示文摘 | Alexander W Angela C Andreas H | 2004 | J Med Chem2004，47，： | 1 |
| 11 | Crisis Checklists for the Operating Room: Development and Pilot Testing显示文摘 | John E. Ziewacz Alexander F. Arriaga Angela M. Bader William R. Berry Lizabeth Edmondson Judith M. Wong Stuart R. Lipsitz David L. Hepner Sarah Peyre Steven Nelson Daniel J. Boorman Douglas S. Smink Stanley W. Ashley Atul A. Gawande | 2011 | Journal of the American College of Surgeons2011，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Ultraviolet optical and microstructural properties of MgF2 and LaF3 coatings deposited by ion-beam sputtering and boat and electron-beam evaporation显示文摘 | Detlev Ristau Stefan Gunster Salvador Bosch Angela Duparre Enrico Masetti George Kiriakidis Francesca Peiro Etienne Quesnel Alexander Tikhonravov | 2002 | Applied Optics2002，41，16： | 1 |
| 13 | Biotransformation and nephrotoxicity of Ochratoxin B in rats显示文摘 | Angela M Heike K H Alexander A | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 14 | Development of a sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantification of iduronate-2-sulfate sulfatase显示文摘 | Angela Catalina Sosa Angela Johana Espejo Edwin Alexander Rodriguez Lina Maria Lizaraso Andrea Rojas Johana Guevara Olga Yaneth Echeverri Luis Alejandro Barrera | 2011 | Journal of Immunological Methods2011，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | The role of long noncoding RNAs in cancer metastasis显示文摘Signaling pathways are tightly controlled systems that regulate the appropriate timing of gene expression required for the differentiation of cells down a particular lineage essential for proper tissue development.Proliferation,apoptosis and metabolic pathways are just a few examples of the signaling pathways that require fine-tuning,so as to control the proper development of a particular tissue type or organ system.An estimated 70%of the genome is actively transcribed,only 2%of which codes for known protein-coding genes.Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)in particular,are a large and diverse class of RNAs>200 nucleotides in length,and not translated into protein.lncRNAs are essential transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators that control the expression of genes in a spatial,temporal,and cell context-dependent manner.The aberrant expression of lncRNAs is therefore linked with a number of chronic diseases including cardiac dysfunction,diabetes,and cancer.In this review,we highlight the specific role lncRNAs have in promoting the metastatic cascade across a number of epithelial cancer models. | Christine Parsons Alexis M.Tayoun Benjamin D.Benado Gabriel Ragusa Rose F.Dorvil Elizabeth A.Rourke Kaitlyn O’Connor Irene G.Reed Angela Alexander Lian Willetts Maryam Habibian Brian D.Adams | 2018 | Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment2018，4，1： | 0 |
| 16 | Identification of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma due to inheritable mutation:Challenges of daily clinical practice显示文摘BACKGROUND Identification of germ-line mutations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) could impact on patient/family.AIM To assess the referral pathways for genetic consultations in PDAC.METHODS Electronic records of PDAC patients were reviewed retrospectively. Patients eligible for genetic consultation referral were identified following the European Registry of Hereditary Pancreatitis and Familial Pancreatic Cancer(EUROPAC)criteria.RESULTS Four-hundred patients were eligible. Of 113 patients(28.3%) meeting EUROPAC criteria, 8.8% were referred for genetic opinion. Germ-line mutations were identified in 0.75% of the whole population.CONCLUSIONEarlier referrals and increased awareness may be able to overcome the low rate of successful genetic appointments. | Alexander JP Fulton Angela Lamarca Christina Nuttall Lynne McCallum Rille Pihlak Derek O'Reilly Fiona Lalloo Mairéad G McNamara Richard A Hubner Tara Clancy Juan W Valle | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2019，11，2： | 0 |
| 17 | Role of colonoscopy in diagnosis of capecitabine associated ileitis:Two case reports显示文摘BACKGROUND Capecitabine is considered a first line agent in adjuvant therapy for breast and colorectal cancer. However,cases of severe diarrhea have been reported with increasing frequency in recent years. When diarrhea is severe and prolonged,capecitabine associated ileitis should be considered as a possible etiology.CASE SUMMARY Herein,we present two cases of capecitabine ileitis,specifically involving the terminal ileum and ascending colon. We will demonstrate the disease course and treatment modalities applied to alleviate this condition,as well as discuss the merits of using colonoscopy to aid in diagnosis.CONCLUSION Ultimately our cases demonstrate that symptomatic management with traditional anti-diarrheal medications is largely ineffective. Prompt recognition and discontinuation of capecitabine is an imperative step in proper management of this condition and colonoscopy with biopsy can be helpful when the diagnosis is unclear. | Alexander E Dao Angela Hsu Ahmad Nakshabandi Rohan Mandaliya Sandeep Nadella Anita Sivaraman Mark Mattar Aline Charabaty | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2019，11，5： | 0 |
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