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| 1 | 2018年急性缺血性卒中患者早期管理指南美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗专业人员制定的指南显示文摘背景和目的本指南旨在在单个文件中为治疗成年急性动脉性缺血性卒中患者的临床医生提供最新全面的系列推荐意见。目标读者为院前急救人员、医生、综合医疗保健人员和医院管理人员。本指南将取代2013年版指南及其后续更新。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员任命,代表各领域的医学专家。严格遵循美国心脏协会的利益冲突原则。不允许写作组成员对存在企业利益关系的相关议题进行讨论或投票。所有推荐意见必须得到写作组成员的一致通过,除非企业利益关系妨碍了成员投票。由4名同行评议专家以及卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和领导委员会成员对指南草案进行发布前评审。本指南采用了美国心脏病学学会/美国心脏协会2015年推荐意见分类和证据级别标准以及新版美国心脏协会指南格式。结果本指南详细介绍了院前医疗、紧急和急诊评估、静脉和血管内治疗以及院内管理,包括在发病后最初2周内启用的二级预防措施。本指南支持院前和院内卒中医疗系统的一体化概念。结论本指南基于目前可获得的最佳证据。然而,许多情况资料有限,迫切需要对急性缺血性卒中的治疗进行持续研究。 | William J. Powers Alejandro A. Rabinstein Teri Ackerson Opeolu M. Adeoye Nicholas C. Bambakidis Kyra Becker José Biller Michael Brown Bart M. Demaerschalk Brian Hoh Edward C. Jauch Chelsea S. Kidwell Thabele M. Leslie-Mazwi Bruce Ovbiagele Phillip A. Scott Kevin N. Sheth Andrew M. Southerland Deborah V. Summers David L. Tirschwell 徐加平 刘慧慧 张霞 石际俊 黄志超 尤寿江 郭志良 肖国栋 杜万良 曹勇军 | 2018 | 国际脑血管病杂志2018，26，2： | 19 |
| 2 | Calcineurin inhibitor sparing strategies in renal transplantation, part one: Late sparing strategies显示文摘Kidney transplantation improves quality of life and reduces the risk of mortality. A majority of the success of kidney transplantation is attributable to the calcineurin inhibitors(CNIs), cyclosporine and tacrolimus, and their ability to reduce acute rejection rates. However, longterm graft survival rates have not improved over time, and although controversial, evidence does suggest a role of chronic CNI toxicity in this failure to improve outcomes. Consequently, there is interest in reducing or removing CNIs from immunosuppressive regimens in an attempt to improve outcomes. Several strategies exist to spare calcineurin inhibitors, including use of agents such as mycophenolate mofetil(MMF), mycophenolate sodium(MPS), sirolimus, everolimus or belatacept to facilitate late calcineurin inhibitor withdrawal, beyond 6 mo post-transplant; or using these agents to plan early withdrawal within 6 mo; or to avoid the CNIs all together using CNI-free regimens. Although numerous reviews have been written on this topic, practice varies significantly between centers. This review organizes thedata based on patient characteristics(i.e., the baseline immunosuppressive regimen) as a means to aid the practicing clinician in caring for their patients, by matching up their situation with the relevant literature. The current review, the first in a series of two, examines the potential of immunosuppressive agents to facilitate late CNI withdrawal beyond 6 mo post-transplant, and has demonstrated that the strongest evidence resides with MMF/MPS. MMF or MPS can be successfully introduced/maintained to facilitate late CNI withdrawal and improve renal function in the setting of graft deterioration, albeit with an increased risk of acute rejection and infection. Additional benefits may include improved blood pressure, lipid profile and serum glucose.Sirolimus has less data directly comparing CNI withdrawal to an active CNI-containing regimen, but modest improvement in short-term renal function is possible, with an increased risk of proteinuria, especially in the setting of baseline renal dysfunction and/or proteinuria. Renal outcomes may be improved when sirolimus is used in combination with MMF. Although data with everolimus is less robust, results appear similar to those observed with sirolimus. | Andrew Scott Mathis Gwen Egloff Hoytin Lee Ghin | 2014 | World Journal of Transplantation2014，4，2： | 5 |
| 3 | Therapeutic Advances in Pancreatic Cancer显示文摘 | Andrew Scott Paulson Hop S. Tran Cao Margaret A. Tempero Andrew M. Lowy | 2013 | Gastroenterology2013，，6： | 4 |
| 4 | 农业生物技术的安全性评价显示文摘转基因作物自1995年开始引入种植,以满足日益增长的粮食和饲料需求。转基因作物用于人类食物和动物饲料需要进行全面的安全性评价,首先从DNA水平考虑,包括插入宿主基因组的是什么DNA,插入的位置和稳定性如何?其次,考虑DNA编码蛋白的安全性及其对作物的潜在效应,确保转入的新蛋白从毒性、致敏性和环境各方面的评价都是安全的,此外,用于食品或动物饲料加工的谷物需要评价其营养成分,必要时还要确定其非预期效应。为给转基因作物的安全性评价提供依据,需要对转基因作物与非转基因对照物进行成分等实质同性分析,质谱及基于抗体的新技术能够对包括内源性致敏原在内的作物成分进行更精确的分析。监管指南文件中提出了许多分析方法及其用途,有一些是全球公认的文件(如食品法典委员会提出的文件)。有些国家的监管机构推荐在某些情况下使用动物模型,但是在转基因作物的安全性评价中,动物模型的使用没有依据。试验方法的质量控制和标准化可以通过采用良好实验室规范来达成,是高质量数据的保证。监管机构对转基因作物的安全性测试方法的要求越来越多,根据目前的评价结果,已经登记的转基因作物与非转基因对照物同等安全。 | Scott McClain Wendelyn Jones 贺晓云 Gregory Ladics Andrew Bartholomaeus Alan Raybould Petra Lutter 徐海滨 王雪 | 2015 | 中华预防医学杂志2015，49，1： | 3 |
| 5 | Fruit fly courtship: The female perspective显示文摘 | Reuven DUKAS Andrew SCOTT | 2015 | Current Zoology2015，61，6： | 3 |
| 6 | A new Early Cretaceous dinosaur track assemblage and the first definite non-avian theropod swim trackway from China显示文摘The trackway of a swimming theropod (ichnogenus Characichnos) is reported from the Lower Cretaceous Feitianshan Formation of Sichuan, China. These swim tracks help confirm that non-avian theropods were capable of forging moderately deep bodies of water. The trackway occurs on the same surface as a typical walking trackway of a sauropod (ichnogenus Brontopodus). Both occurrences are the first reported from the Cretaceous of Sichuan, and the swim tracks are the first well-preserved example of a Characichnos trackway from China. Additionally, a theropod walking trackway and several ornithopod walking trackways (similar to the ichnogenus Caririchnium) occur in the same horizon. The ornithopod trackways show a parallel orientation, suggesting gregarious behavior of the trackmakers, which may have been iguanodontiforms and/or hadrosauriforms. The co-occurrence of theropod swim tracks and theropod walking tracks suggests a fluctuation of water depth within a distinct time span. | XING LiDa LOCKLEY Martin G ZHANG JianPing MILNER Andrew R C KLEIN Hendrik LI DaQing PERSONS IV W Scott EBI JieFang | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，19： | 3 |
| 7 | Stability of a circular tunnel in cohesive-frictional soil subjected to surcharge loading显示文摘 | Kentaro Yamamoto Andrei V. Lyamin Daniel W. Wilson Scott W. Sloan Andrew J. Abbo | 2011 | Computers and Geotechnics2011，，4： | 2 |
| 8 | The Motivational Pull of Video Games: A Self-Determination Theory Approach显示文摘 | Richard M. Ryan C. Scott Rigby Andrew Przybylski | 2006 | Motivation and Emotion2006，，4： | 2 |
| 9 | QT interval variability and spontaneous ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT) II patients显示文摘 | Mark C. Haigney Wojciech Zareba Philip J. Gentlesk Robert E. Goldstein Michael Illovsky Scott McNitt Mark L. Andrews Arthur J. Moss | 2004 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2004，，： | 2 |
| 10 | Whole brain radiation therapy with or without stereotactic radiosurgery boost for patients with one to three brain metastases: phase III results of the RTOG 9508 randomised trial显示文摘 | David W Andrews Charles B Scott Paul W Sperduto Adam E Flanders Laurie E Gaspar Michael C Schell Maria Werner-Wasik William Demas Janice Ryu Jean-Paul Bahary Luis Souhami Marvin Rotman Minesh P Mehta Walter J Curran | 2004 | The Lancet . 2004 (9422)2004，，9422： | 2 |
| 11 | Ecology and Geographical Expansion of Japanese Encephalitis Virus显示文摘 | Andrew F. van den Hurk Scott A. Ritchie John S. Mackenzie | 2009 | Annual Review of Entomology2009，，： | 2 |
| 12 | Autologous mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: an open-label phase 2a proof-of-concept study显示文摘 | Peter Connick Madhan Kolappan Charles Crawley Daniel J Webber Rickie Patani Andrew W Michell Ming-Qing Du Shi-Lu Luan Daniel R Altmann Alan J Thompson Alastair Compston Michael A Scott David H Miller Siddharthan Chandran | 2012 | Lancet Neurology2012，，2： | 2 |
| 13 | Testing a model of CO 2 , water and energy exchange in Great Plains tallgrass prairie and wheat ecosystems显示文摘 | Niall P. Hanan Joseph A. Berry Shashi B. Verma Elizabeth A. Walter-Shea Andrew E. Suyker George G. Burba A. Scott Denning | 2005 | Agricultural and Forest Meteorology2005，，3： | 2 |
| 14 | Inhibition of BACE1, the β-secretase implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, by a chondroitin sulfate extract from Sardina pilchardus显示文摘The pharmaceutical and anticoagulant agent heparin,a member of the glycosaminoglycan family of carbohydrates,has previously been identified as a potent inhibitor of a key Alzheimer’s disease drug target,the primary neuronalβ-secretase,β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1).The anticoagulant activity of heparin has,however,precluded the repurposing of this widely used pharmaceutical as an Alzheimer’s disease therapeutic.Here,a glycosaminoglycan extract,composed predominantly of 4-sulfated chondroitin sulfate,has been isolated from Sardina pilchardus,which possess the ability to inhibit BACE1(IC50[half maximal inhibitory concentration]=4.8μg/mL),while displaying highly attenuated anticoagulant activities(activated partial thromboplastin time EC50[median effective concentration]=403.8μg/mL,prothrombin time EC50=1.3 mg/mL).The marine-derived,chondroitin sulfate extract destabilizes BACE1,determined via differential scanning fluorimetry(ΔTm–5°C),to a similar extent as heparin,suggesting that BACE1 inhibition by glycosaminoglycans may occur through a common mode of action,which may assist in the screening of glycan-based BACE1 inhibitors for Alzheimer’s disease. | Courtney J.Mycroft-West Anthony J.Devlin Lynsay C.Cooper Patricia Procter Gavin J.Miller David G.Fernig Marco Guerrini Scott E.Guimond Marcelo A.Lima Edwin A.Yates Mark Andrew Skidmore | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，8： | 2 |
| 15 | MicroRNA expression profiles of esophageal cancer显示文摘 | Andrew Feber Liqiang Xi James D. Luketich Arjun Pennathur Rodney J. Landreneau Maoxin Wu Scott J. Swanson Tony E. Godfrey Virginia R. Litle | 2008 | The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery2008，，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Quantitative Eas- ing And Unconventionalmonetary Policy - An Introduction显示文摘 | Michael Joyce David Miles Andrew Scott and Dimitri Vayanos | 2012 | The Economic Journal2012，，122： | 1 |
| 17 | Good Research Practices for Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Alongside Clinical Trials: The ISPOR RCT-CEA Task Force Report显示文摘 | Scott Ramsey Richard Willke Andrew Briggs Ruth Brown Martin Buxton Anita Chawla John Cook Henry Glick Bengt Liljas Diana Petitti Shelby Reed | 2005 | Value in Health2005，，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Physician response to financial incentives when choosing drugs to treat breast cancer显示文摘 | Andrew J. Epstein Scott J. Johnson | 2012 | International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics2012，，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Cognitive Dysfunction and Depression in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients: Baseline Findings from the FAVORIT Ancillary Cognitive Trial (FACT)显示文摘 | Aron M. Troen Tammy M. Scott Kristen E. D’Anci Denish Moorthy Beverly Dobson Gail Rogers Daniel E. Weiner Andrew S. Levey Gerard E. Dallal Paul F. Jacques Jacob Selhub Irwin H. Rosenberg | 2012 | Journal of Renal Nutrition2012，，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Early determinants of inflammatory bowel disease: use of two national longitudinal birth cohorts显示文摘 | Nick P. Thompson Scott M. Montgomery Mike E. J. Wadsworth Roy E. Pounder Andrew J. Wakefield | 2000 | European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology2000，，1： | 1 |
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