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| 1 | Serum testosterone and prostate-specific antigen levels are major risk factors for prostatic volume increase among benign prostatic hyperplasia patients显示文摘Objective:Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is one of the most common diseases found among elderly men.Even though multiple risk factors of BPH have been identified in the past,the risk factors which have a direct impact on prostate volume have not been identified.In this study,we aim to determine the most significant contributing risk factors to prostate volume enlargement by analyzing possible associated risk factors previously studied.Methods:This is a quantitative study with an analytical observational design,performed using a retrospective cohort approach.Total sampling was performed on 83 patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP)in Sanglah General Hospital from January to February 2019.Bivariate analysis is performed to examine each variable's association with prostate volume followed by a multivariate analysis.All variables were reassessed with path analysis to measure the direct effects,indirect effects,and total effects on prostate volume.Results:Bivariate analysis shows that serum testosterone(R=0.208;p=0.059)and prostate-specific antigen(PSA)level(R=0.626;p=0.001)have a significant association with prostate volume.Multivariate analysis shows that serum PSA(B=1.4;p=0.001;95%confidence interval[95%CI]=1.039-1.770)and testosterone(B=0.024;p=0.005;95%CI=0.008-0.041)levels are significant among all the analyzed risk factors.There is a significant and strong effect of PSA to prostate volume(c=0.636;p=0.001)whereas testosterone has a significant albeit weak effect to prostate volume(c=0.246;p=0.009)based on the total effect of the path analysis.Conclusion:Serum testosterone and PSA levels are significantly associated with prostatic volume increase among BPH patients. | Gede Wirya Kusuma Duarsa Yudit Anastasia Sari Anak Agung Gde Oka Kadek Budi Santosa I Wayan Yudiana Pande Made Wisnu Tirtayasa Ida Bagus Putra Pramana Yudhistira Pradnyan Kloping | 2021 | Asian Journal of Urology2021，8，3： | 3 |
| 2 | Low expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and high serum level of cyclic guanine monophosphate as the risk factors of femoral head osteonecrosis in alcohol-exposed Wistar rat显示文摘Purpose:Severe damage to the femoral head in patients with osteonecrosis has a high impact on morbidity.Despite early diagnosis,the treatment outcome is still unsatisfactory.This study aimed to explore the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and cyclic guanine monophosphate(cGMP)serum level as the risk factors of femoral head osteonecrosis in alcohol-exposed Wistar rats.Methods:This was an exper imental study using randomized post-test only control group design,with samples using 10-14 weeks Wistar male rats.Rats were then divided into 6 groups:3 groups without intervention,and 3 groups with intervention using 40%alcohol given perorally.Each one group from intervention and control group was euthanized by the end of the week for 3 consecutive weeks.Proximal femurs were examined under microscope for osteonecrosis,immunohistochemically for VEGF,and blood serum for cGMP levels.Results:VEGF expression in the femoral head of alcohol-exposed Wistar rats was lower than those not exposed to alcohol(p<0.005).Blood serum cGMP levels of alcohol-exposed Wistar rats were higher than those not exposed to alcohol(p<0.005).The number of necrotic osteocytes in the femoral head of Wistar rats exposed to alcohol was greater than those not exposed to alcohol(p<0.005).There are significant differences between VEGF,cGMP levels,and number of necrotic osteocytes in the control group and treatment at 1st,2nd'and 3rd week(p<0.005).Conclusions:Based on the result of this study,VEGF and cGMP may be considered as diagnostic bio-markers for alcohol-induced femoral head osteonecrosis. | I Ketut Suyasa Anak Agung Wiradewi Lestari | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2020，23，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squa- mous Cell Carcinoma显示文摘 | Suttichai K Anak I | 2012 | International Scholarly Research Network2012，54，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Factors associated with visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure in hypertensive patients at a Primary Health Care Service,Tabanan,Bali,Indonesia显示文摘Background:An increasing number of valid and well-designed trials have demonstrated a positive correlation between visit-to-visit variability(VVV)in systolic blood pressure(SBP)and increased risk of stroke and coronary heart disease among hypertensive patients.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted that involved 74 patients who visited the outpatient clinic at the Tabanan III Primary Health Care Service during April to May 2017.Blood pressure was retrospectively obtained from medical records.VVV was classified as low or high on the basis of the standard deviation of SBP.Antihypertensive medication adherence was expressed as the percentage of days covered,and sodium intake was measured with 24-hour food recall.Bi-variate analysis was performed,followed by multivariate analysis for significant variables.Results:Among the participants,67.6%were female,with a mean(standard deviation[SD])age of 62.70(10.00)years.Blood pressure was measured 4.82±0.78 times during the period,and the mean(SD)SBP was 139.65(10.57)mm Hg.Nonadherence and sodium intake were signifi-cantly higher in the high-VVV group than in the low-VVV group(nonadherence 13.5%vs.37.8%,P=0.033;sodium intake 1278.44±43.02 mg vs.1495.85±45.26 mg,P=0.038).After adjustment for other covariates,the differences remained significant only for nonadherence(model I exp β=3.89[95.0%confidence interval 1.23-12.34,P<0.05],model II expβ=3.9[95.0%confidence interval 1.12-14.15,P<0.05]).The area under the curve was 0.636(P<0.05),with sensitivity of 67.6%and specificity of 51.4%.Conclusion:Nonadherence to antihypertensive medication was significantly associated with higher VVV of SBP.Further study is needed to assess whether improving adherence could reduce VVV and improve cardiovascular outcomes. | Gusti Ayu Riska Pertiwi Anak Agung Ngurah Aryawangsa I Putu Yuda Prabawa Ida Bagus Amertha Putra Manuaba Agha Bhargah Ni Wayan Sri Ratni I Putu Gede Budiana | 2018 | Family Medicine and Community Health2018，6，4： | 0 |
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