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| 1 | Biliary atresia and congenital disorders of the extrahepatic bile ducts显示文摘Biliary atresia(BA)and choledochal cysts are diseases of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary tree.While their exact etiopathogeneses are not known,they should be treated promptly due to the potential for irreversible parenchymal liver disease.A diagnosis of BA may be easy or complicated,but should not be delayed.BA is always treated surgically,and performing the surgery before the age of 2 mo greatly increases its effectiveness and extends the time until the need for liver transplantation arises.While the more common types of choledochal cysts require surgical treatment,some can be treated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Choledochal cysts may cause recurrent cholangitis and the potential for malignancy should not be ignored. | Ali Islek Gokhan Tumgor | 2022 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2022，13，4： | 1 |
| 2 | Childhood chronic gastritis and duodenitis: Role of altered sensory neuromediators显示文摘AIM To investigate the roles of the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP), substance P(SP), and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) in chronic gastritis and duodenitis in children.METHODS Biopsy samples from the gastric and duodenal mucosa of 52 patients and 30 control subjects were obtained. Samples were taken for pathological examination, immunohistochemical staining, enzyme activity measurements and quantitative measurements of tissue peptide levels.RESULTS We observed differential effects of the disease on peptide levels, which were somewhat different from previously reported changes in chronic gastritis in adults. Specifically, SP was increased and CGRP and VIP were decreased in patients with gastritis. The changes were more prominent at sites where gastritis was severe, but significant changes were also observedin neighboring areas where gastritis was less severe. Furthermore, the degree of changes was correlated with the pathological grade of the disease. The expression of CD10, the enzyme primarily involved in SP hydrolysis, was also decreased in patients with duodenitis.CONCLUSION Based on these findings, we propose that decreased levels of VIP and CGRP and increased levels of SP contribute to pathological changes in gastric mucosa. Hence, new treatments targeting these molecules may have therapeutic and preventive effects. | Ali Islek Aygen Yilmaz Gulsum Ozlem Elpek Nuray Erin | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，37： | 1 |
| 3 | Seronegative autoimmune hepatitis in childhood显示文摘Comprehensive guidelines on seropositive autoimmune hepatitis have been published for both adults and children,although these guidelines comprise only limited knowledge about seronegative autoimmune hepatitis.Autoimmune hepatitis presents as an acute or chronic progressive disease and poor outcomes are inevitable if left untreated.The absence of autoantibody positivity,hypergammaglobulinemia and lack of comprehensive algorithms makes seronegative autoimmune hepatitis a mysterious disease.In general,seronegative autoimmune hepatitis often presents with acute hepatitis,and its treatment and prognosis similar to seropositive autoimmune hepatitis.The present review focuses on the known characteristics of seronegative autoimmune hepatitis in childhood,and those of which current knowledge is vague. | Ali Islek Gokhan Tumgor | 2023 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2023，12，3： | 0 |
| 4 | Acute-on-chronic liver failure in children显示文摘Although various complex definitions of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)have been suggested in relation to adult patients,there is currently no universal definition of the syndrome in pediatric patients.In simplified terms,ACLF is characterized by the acute deterioration of the liver functions due to the effects of a precipitating factor on the basis of a chronic liver disease.Acute events and underlying liver diseases are very different in children from those seen in adults.Moreover,acute events and underlying chronic liver diseases vary among geographical regions,although it seems that the most common such diseases and acute events are autoimmune hepatitis,Wilson’s disease,and their flares.ACLF is associated with a poor prognosis.While no scoring systems have been developed to predict the prognosis for children with ACLF,modified versions of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the liver’s acute-on-chronic liver failure scoring system and the Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment criteria can be used in children until specific and validated scoring systems are available.Aside from liver transplantation,there is no proven treatment for ACLF.Thus,the early recognition of ACLF prior to the development of extrahepatic organ failure is important. | Ali Islek Gokhan Tumgor | 2021 | World Journal of Hepatology2021，13，10： | 0 |
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