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| 1 | Alcoholic disease: Liver and beyond显示文摘The harmful use of alcohol is a worldwide problem.It has been estimated that alcohol abuse represents the world’s third largest risk factor for disease and disability;it is a causal factor of 60 types of diseases and injuries and a concurrent cause of at least 200 others.Liver is the main organ responsible for metabolizing ethanol,thus it has been considered for long time the major victim of the harmful use of alcohol.Ethanol and its bioactive products,acetaldehyde-acetate,fatty acid ethanol esters,ethanol-protein adducts,have been regarded as hepatotoxins that directly and indirectly exert their toxic effect on the liver.A similar mechanism has been postulated for the alcohol-related pancreatic damage.Alcohol and its metabolites directly injure acinar cells and elicit stellate cells to produce and deposit extracellular matrix thus triggering the'necrosis-fibrosis'sequence that finally leads to atrophy and fibrosis,morphological hallmarks of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis.Even if less attention has been paid to the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract,ethanol produces harmful effects by inducing:(1)direct damaging of the mucosa of the esophagus and stomach;(2)modification of thesphincterial pressure and impairment of motility;and(3)alteration of gastric acid output.In the intestine,ethanol can damage the intestinal mucosa directly or indirectly by altering the resident microflora and impairing the mucosal immune system.Notably,disruption of the intestinal mucosal barrier of the small and large intestine contribute to liver damage.This review summarizes the most clinically relevant alcohol-related diseases of the digestive tract focusing on the pathogenic mechanisms by which ethanol damages liver,pancreas and gastrointestinal tract. | Alba Rocco Debora Compare Debora Angrisani Marco Sanduzzi Zamparelli Gerardo Nardone | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，40： | 27 |
| 2 | Large Brunner's gland adenoma:Case report and literature review显示文摘Brunner 的腺腺瘤(BGA ) 是十二指肠的一个很稀罕的良性的瘤,它在内视镜检查法顺便说一下通常无征状、发现。偶尔,这损害可能大,引起上面的胃肠的出血或肠梗阻。盒子有大 Brunner 的腺腺瘤,介绍被内视镜的切除管理的│黑粪症。 | Alba Rocco PasqualeBorriello Debora Compare Patrizia DeColibus LoredanaPica GerardoNardone Alessandro Iacono | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，12： | 16 |
| 3 | Cancer stem cell hypothesis and gastric carcinogenesis: Experimental evidence and unsolved questions显示文摘Traditionally, the clonal evolution model has been used to explain gastric cancer (GC) growth dynamics. According to this model, GC cells result from multiple mutations over time resulting in a population of continually diversifying cells. This heterogeneity enables the survival of different clones under particular conditions allowing growth at metastatic locations or resistance to chemotherapeutics. Cancer stem cell (CSC) theory completely overturns this traditional understanding of cancer suggesting that only CSCs can self-renew and promote tumor growth. CSCs are relatively refractory to conventional therapies, thus explaining why anti-cancer therapies are far from curative and why relapses of cancer are frequent. The identification of the CSC component of a tumor might, thus, open new therapeutic perspective based on the selective targeting of this small population of cells. In this review we examine the current scientific evidence supporting the existence of CSC in gastric tumors and analyze the main unsolved questions of this difficult field of cancer research. | Alba Rocco Debora Compare Gerardo Nardone | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2012，4，3： | 11 |
| 4 | Diet,H pylori infection and gastric cancer:Evidence and controversies显示文摘Despite decreasing incidence and mortality rates, gastric cancer (GC) still remains the fourth most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to the limited treatment options, at present, prevention is likely to be the only effective means of controlling this disease. The success of a prevention strategy depends upon the understanding of etiological and pathogenic mechanisms underlying gastric carcinogenesis. The etiology of GC is multi-factorial, however, in the recent years, mounting evidence suggests that environmental factors play a key role. The most important environmental factors implicated in the pathogenesis of GC are diet and H pylori infection. Thus, modifications in lifestyle and dietary habit associated with eradication of H pylori infection could hypothetically represent the most promising potential targets for GC prevention. In this review we will address the evidence and the controversies on the role of these agents in noncardia GC by focusing on retrospective and prospective observational studies and interventional trials. | Alba Rocco Gerardo Nardone | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，21： | 9 |
| 5 | Screening for and surveillance of gastric cancer显示文摘Although the prevalence of gastric cancer(GC) progressively decreased during the last decades,due to improved dietary habit,introduction of food refrigeration and recovered socio-economic level,it still accounts for 10% of the total cancer-related deaths. The best strategy to reduce the mortality for GC is to schedule appropriate screening and surveillance programs,that rises many relevant concerns taking into account its worldwide variability,natural history,diagnostic tools,therapeutic strategies,and cost-effectiveness. Intestinal-type,the most frequent GC histotype,develops through a multistep process triggered by Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) and progressing from gastritis to atrophy,intestinal metaplasia(IM),and dysplasia. However,the majority of patients infected with H. pylori and carrying premalignant lesions do not develop GC. Therefore,it remains unclear who should be screened,when the screening should be started and how the screening should be performed. It seems reasonable that screening programs should target the general population in eastern countries,at high prevalence of GC and the high-risk subjects in western countries,at low prevalence of GC.As far as concern surveillance,currently,we are lacking of standardized international recommendations and many features have to be defined regarding the optimal diagnostic approach,the patients at higher risk,the best timing and the cost-effectiveness.Anyway,patients with corpus atrophic gastritis,extensive incomplete IM and dysplasia should enter a surveillance program.At present,screening and surveillance programs need further studies to draw worldwide reliable recommendations and evaluate the impact on mortality for GC. | Debora Compare Alba Rocco Gerardo Nardone | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，38： | 5 |
| 6 | Efficacy of 5-Day Levofloxacin-Containing Concomitant Therapy in Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Infection显示文摘 | Alessandro Federico Gerardo Nardone Antonietta G. Gravina Maria Rosaria Iovene Agnese Miranda Debora Compare Paola A. Pilloni Alba Rocco Luigi Ricciardiello Riccardo Marmo Carmelina Loguercio Marco Romano | 2012 | Gastroenterology2012，，1： | 3 |
| 7 | Autoimmune liver diseases and SARS-CoV-2显示文摘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),causing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),can trigger autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals through hyperstimulation of immune response and molecular mimicry.Here we summarise the current knowledge about autoimmune liver diseases(AILDs)and SARS-CoV-2,focusing on:(1)The risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the course of COVID-19 in patients affected by AILDs;(2)the role of SARS-CoV-2 in inducing liver damage and triggering AILDs;and(3)the ability of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 to induce autoimmune responses in the liver.Data derived from the literature suggest that patients with AILDs do not carry an increased risk of SARS-Cov-2 infection but may develop a more severe course of COVID-19 if on treatment with steroids or thiopurine.Although SARSCoV-2 infection can lead to the development of several autoimmune diseases,few reports correlate it to the appearance of de novo manifestation of immunemediated liver diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis(AIH),primary biliary cholangitis(PBC)or AIH/PBC overlap syndrome.Different case series of an AIHlike syndrome with a good prognosis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination have been described.Although the causal link between SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and AIH cannot be definitively established,these reports suggest that this association could be more than coincidental. | Costantino Sgamato Alba Rocco Debora Compare Stefano Minieri Stefano Andrea Marchitto Simone Maurea Gerardo Nardone | 2023 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2023，29，12： | 1 |
| 8 | Long acting release-octreotide as “rescue” therapy to control angiodysplasia bleeding: A retrospective study of 98 cases显示文摘 | Gerardo Nardone Debora Compare Carmelo Scarpignato Alba Rocco | 2014 | Digestive and Liver Disease2014，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Pseudopneumoperitoneum in chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction:A case report显示文摘Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction(CIPO) is a rare disease due to a severe gastrointestinal motility disorder which may mimic,on both clinical and radiological grounds,mechanical obstruction.We report a case of a 26-year-old woman who presented to our institution for plain abdominal radiography for referred long-lasting constipation with recurrent episodes of abdominal pain and distension.At X-ray,performed both in the upright and supine position,an isolated air-fluid level was depicted in the left flank,together with a number of radiological signs suggestive of pneumoperitoneum.First,subphrenic radiolucency could be observed in the upright film.Second,the intestinal wall of some jejunal loops appeared to be outlined in the right flank.Third,the inferior cardiac border was clearly depicted in the upright film.The patient however had no evidence ofperitoneal signs but only hypoactive bowel movements.Unenhanced multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT) of the abdomen and pelvis was therefore performed.MDCT revealed abnormal air-driven distension of the small and large bowel,without evidence of extraluminal air.All radiological signs of pneumoperitoneum turned out to be false-positive results.The patient was submitted to pan-colonoscopy and to anorectal manometry to rule out Hirshprung's disease,and was finally discharged with a diagnosis of CIPO. | Luigi Camera Milena Calabrese Giovanni Sarnelli Margaret Longobardi Alba Rocco Rosario Cuomo Marco Salvatore | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，24： | 0 |
| 10 | Neuraxial anesthesia versus general anesthesia in patients undergoing three-dimensional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy:Preliminary results of a prospective comparative study显示文摘Objective:Neuraxial anesthesia(NA)showed to reduce both morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.We aimed to investigate the use of NA in patients undergoing transperitoneal three-dimensional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(t-3DLRP)and compare the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes with a control group of patients undergoing t-3DLRP under general anesthesia(GA).Methods:A prospective,double-center,double-surgeon study cohort of 84 consecutive patients undergoing t-3DLRP between June 2019 and June 2021 was analyzed.A study group of 42 patients undergoing t-3DLRP under NA was compared with a control group of 42 patients undergoing t-3DLRP under GA.Results:The two group were similar in all demographic,clinical,and pathological variables.Postoperative blood gas parameters were within physiologic limits in both groups.Muscle relaxation was adequate for surgery during both NA and GA.Median length of stay was 1 day shorter for NA group than GA group(5 days vs.6 days,p=0.05).t-3DLRP under NA had a statistically lower rate of minor complications(4.8%vs.19.0%,p=0.03)and less postoperative pain(median numeric rating scale 3 vs.4,p=0.01)compared to GA.No major complications were observed in both groups.Significantly more patients were willing to undergo a similar intervention under NA than GA(p=0.04).Conclusion:t-3DLRP under NA is a feasible and safe procedure,with less postoperative pain and fewer minor complications than the same procedure under GA.NA allows the maintenance of muscle relaxation and respiratory excursions without interfering with surgery. | Stefano Alba Deborah Fimognari Fabio Croceross Luigi Ascalone Carmine Pullano Fernando Chiaravalloti Francesco Chiaradia Umberto Carbonara Matteo Ferro Ottavio de Cobelli Vincenzo Pagliarulo Giuseppe Lucarelli Michele Battaglia Rocco Damiano Francesco Cantiello | 2023 | Asian Journal of Urology2023，10，3： | 0 |
| 11 | Kyoto classification of gastritis,virtual chromoendoscopy and artificial intelligence:Where are we going?What do we need?显示文摘Chronic gastritis(CG)is a widespread and frequent disease,mainly caused by Helicobacter pylori infection,which is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer.Virtual chromoendoscopy improves the endoscopic diagnostic efficacy,which is essential to establish the most appropriate therapy and to enable cancer prevention.Artificial intelligence provides algorithms for the diagnosis of gastritis and,in particular,early gastric cancer,but it is not yet used in practice.Thus,technological innovation,through image resolution and processing,optimizes the diagnosis and management of CG and gastric cancer.The endoscopic Kyoto classification of gastritis improves the diagnosis and management of this disease,but through the analysis of the most recent literature,new algorithms can be proposed. | Alba Panarese Yutaka Saito Rocco Maurizio Zagari | 2023 | Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2023，4，1： | 0 |
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