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| 1 | 北京地区的闪电时空分布特征及不同强度雷暴的贡献显示文摘利用北京闪电定位网(BLNET,Beijing Lightning Network)和SAFIR3000(Surveillance et Alerte Foudre par Interometrie Radioelectrique)定位网7年共423次雷暴的闪电资料,并按照雷暴产生闪电多少,同时参考雷达回波和雷暴持续时间,将雷暴划分为弱雷暴(≤1000次)、强雷暴(>1000次且≤10000次)和超强雷暴(>10000次),分析了北京地区的闪电时空分布特征及不同强度等级雷暴对闪电分布的贡献。北京总闪电密度最大值约为15.4 flashes km-2a(^-1),平均值约为1.9 flashes km^-2a(^-1),大于8 flashes km^-2a(^-1)的闪电密度高值区基本分布在海拔高度200 m等高线以下的平原地带。不同强度雷暴对总雷暴闪电总量贡献不同,弱雷暴(超强雷暴)次数多(少),产生的闪电少(多),超强雷暴和强雷暴产生的闪电分别占总雷暴闪电的37%和56%。不同强度雷暴对总雷暴的闪电密度高值中心分布和闪电日变化特征影响显著,昌平区东部、顺义区中东部和北京主城区是总雷暴闪电密度大于12 flashes km-2a(-1)的三个主要高值区中心,前两个高值中心受强雷暴影响大,而主城区高值中心主要受超强雷暴影响。总雷暴晚上频繁的闪电活动主要受超强雷暴和强雷暴影响,这两类雷暴晚上闪电活动活跃,分别占各自总闪电的69%和65%,而弱雷暴闪电活动白天陡增很快,对总雷暴午后的闪电活动影响大。另外,不同下垫面条件闪电日变化差异大,山区最强的闪电活动出现在白天,午后闪电活动增强很快,主峰值出现在北京时间18:00,而平原最强的闪电活动发生在晚上,平原(山麓)的主峰值比山区推迟了约1.5小时(1小时)。 | 王东方 郄秀书 袁善锋 孙竹玲 陈志雄 李进梁 张鸿波 刘明远 SRIVASTAVA Abhay 刘冬霞 | 2020 | 大气科学2020，44，2： | 18 |
| 2 | 北京地区雷电灾害天气系统的动力-微物理-电过程观测研究显示文摘在国家'973'项目'雷电重大灾害天气系统的动力-微物理-电过程和成灾机理'(简称:雷暴973)资助下,2014~2018年连续五年在北京组织开展了雷电(也称闪电)灾害天气系统的暖季综合协同观测实验,旨在获得对北京及周边城市群区域的雷电天气系统特征和规律的实际认识,探索雷电资料在数值预报模式中的同化方法,以期改进雷电重大灾害天气系统的预报效果.主要观测设备包括:由16个子站构成的雷电(全闪)三维定位系统、2台X波段双线偏振多普勒雷达和4台激光雨滴谱仪等,协同观测还充分利用了中国气象局在京津冀地区的中尺度气象观测网.观测结果表明,受地形和环境条件影响,飑线和多单体雷暴是影响北京地区的两类主要的雷电灾害天气系统,它们除产生频繁的雷电活动外,还常伴随突发性局地短时强降水和冰雹,造成城区突发洪涝灾害.雷电密度的高值区位于北京昌平区东部、顺义区的中部和东部以及中心城区.超强雷暴(占总雷暴数的5%)、强雷暴(占比35%)和弱雷暴(占比60%)对总雷电分布的贡献分别为37%、56%和7%.北京城区的热岛效应对过境雷暴增强产生了重要作用,超强雷暴在中心城区的雷电频数可以高达每分钟数百次.雷电活动与雷暴云的热动力、微物理特征之间存在紧密联系,因此雷电频数可以作为冰雹、短时强降水等灾害性天气的指示因子.在对流可分辨数值预报模式中,建立并引入雷电资料同化方案,通过调整或修正模式的热动力和微物理参量,可明显提高模式对强对流和降水的预报效果. | 郄秀书 袁善锋 陈志雄 王东方 刘冬霞 孙萌宇 孙竹玲 Abhay SRIVASTAVA 张鸿波 卢晶雨 肖辉 毕永恒 冯亮 田野 徐燕 蒋如斌 刘明远 肖现 段树 苏德斌 孙成云 徐文静 张义军 陆高鹏 Da-Lin ZHANG 银燕 余晔 | 2021 | 中国科学:地球科学2021，51，1： | 5 |
| 3 | 北京地区闪电活动与气溶胶浓度的关系研究显示文摘基于2015—2017年北京闪电定位网(BLNET)总闪资料与35个自动空气质量监测站PM 2.5数据,分析了北京地区(39.5°N—41.0°N,115.0°E—117.5°E)夏季(6—8月)闪电活动与PM 2.5的时空分布特征,同时针对117次雷暴天气,探讨了气溶胶浓度变化对闪电活动的可能影响.结果表明:PM 2.5浓度及总闪密度均呈现自西北向东南升高的空间分布特征.闪电峰值在污染背景下出现的时间(19∶00LT)晚于清洁背景下(15∶00LT)约4 h,且总闪百分比(~20%)可达清洁背景下(~9%)的两倍.对雷暴前1~4 h的PM 2.5浓度与时间窗(12∶00—22∶00LT)内总闪数目的中位数进行相关分析,发现PM 2.5浓度低于130μg·m-3时,PM 2.5与总闪数存在明显正相关,此时气溶胶可能通过影响云微物理过程进而影响雷暴的对流发展,增强闪电活动;PM 2.5大于150μg·m-3时,总闪数随PM 2.5浓度的增加呈减少趋势,可能的原因是高气溶胶浓度下地面太阳辐射显著下降,对流活动受到抑制,导致闪电活动减少.当PM 2.5浓度在130~150μg·m-3时,两者关系不明显. | 孙萌宇 郄秀书 刘冬霞 Yoav Yair 夏祥鳌 袁善锋 王东方 卢晶雨 Abhay Srivastava Didier Ntwali | 2020 | 地球物理学报2020，63，5： | 5 |
| 4 | Lightning Activity and Its Relationship with Typhoon Intensity and Vertical Wind Shear for Super Typhoon Haiyan (1330)显示文摘Super Typhoon Haiyan(1330), which occurred in 2013, is the most powerful typhoon during landfall in the meteorological record. In this study, the temporal and spatial distributions of lightning activity of Haiyan were analyzed by using the lightning data from the World Wide Lightning Location Network,typhoon intensity and position data from the China Meteorological Administration, and horizontal wind data from the ECMWF. Three distinct regions were identified in the spatial distribution of daily average lightning density, with the maxima in the inner core and the minima in the inner rainband. The lightning density in the intensifying stage of Haiyan was greater than that in its weakening stage. During the time when the typhoon intensity measured with maximum sustained wind speed was between 32.7 and 41.4 m s-1, the storm had the largest lightning density in the inner core, compared with other intensity stages.In contrast to earlier typhoon studies, the eyewall lightning burst out three times. The first two eyewall lightning outbreaks occurred during the period of rapid intensification and before the maximum intensity of the storm, suggesting that the eyewall lightning activity could be used to identify the change in tropical cyclone intensity. The flashes frequently occurred in the inner core, and in the outer rainbands with the black body temperature below 220 K. Combined with the ECMWF wind data, the influences of vertical wind shear(VWS) on the azimuthal distribution of flashes were also analyzed, showing that strong VWS produced downshear left asymmetry of lightning activity in the inner core and downshear right asymmetry in the rainbands. | 王芳 郄秀书 刘冬霞 史海锋 Abhay Srivastava | 2016 | Journal of Meteorological Research2016，30，1： | 5 |
| 5 | Understanding the dynamical-microphysical-electrical processes associated with severe thunderstorms over the Beijing metropolitan region显示文摘The Dynamical-microphysical-electrical Processes in Severe Thunderstorms and Lightning Hazards(STORM973)project conducted coordinated comprehensive field observations of thunderstorms in the Beijing metropolitan region(BMR)during the warm season from 2014 to 2018.The aim of the project was to understand how dynamical,microphysical and electrical processes interact in severe thunderstorms in the BMR,and how to assimilate lightning data in numerical weather prediction models to improve severe thunderstorm forecasts.The platforms used in the field campaign included the Beijing Lightning Network(BLNET,consisting of 16 stations),2 X-band dual linear polarimetric Doppler radars,and 4 laser raindrop spectrometers.The collaboration also made use of the China Meteorological Administration’s mesoscale meteorological observation network in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Although diverse thunderstorm types were documented,it was found that squall lines and multicell storms were the two major categories of severe thunderstorms with frequent lightning activity and extreme rainfall or unexpected local short-duration heavy rainfall resulting in inundations in the central urban area,influenced by the terrain and environmental conditions.The flash density maximums were found in eastern Changping District,central and eastern Shunyi District,and the central urban area of Beijing,suggesting that the urban heat island effect has a crucial role in the intensification of thunderstorms over Beijing.In addition,the flash rate associated with super thunderstorms can reach hundreds of flashes per minute in the central city regions.The super(5%of the total),strong(35%),and weak(60%)thunderstorms contributed about 37%,56%,and 7%to the total flashes in the BMR,respectively.Owing to the close connection between lightning activity and the thermodynamic and microphysical characteristics of the thunderstorms,the lightning flash rate can be used as an indicator of severe weather events,such as hail and short-duration heavy rainfall.Lightning data can also be assimilated into numerical weather prediction models to help improve the forecasting of severe convection and precipitation at the cloud-resolved scale,through adjusting or correcting the thermodynamic and microphysical parameters of the model. | Xiushu QIE Shanfeng YUAN Zhixiong CHEN Dongfeng WANG Dongxia LIU Mengyu SUN Zhuling SUN Abhay SRIVASTAVA Hongbo ZHANG Jingyu LU Hui XIAO Yongheng BI Liang FENG Ye TIAN Yan XU Rubin JIANG Mingyuan LIU Xian XIAO Shu DUAN Debin SU Chengyun SUN Wenjing XU Yijun ZHANG Gaopeng LU Da-Lin ZHANG Yan YIN Ye YU | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Propagation of positive, negative, and recoil leaders in upward lightning flashes显示文摘Leader propagation is a fundamental issue in lightning physics. The propagation characteristics of positive leaders and negative leaders are summarized and compared based on data from high-speed camera and electromagnetic field in rocket-triggered lightning and tower-initiated lightning discharges; available channel base current data recorded in rocket-triggered lightning are also used. The negative leaders propagate in a stepped fashion accompanied by many branches. The stems ahead of the negative leader tip determine the manner and direction of the leader propagation, and even the branching and winding of the lightning channel. The impulsive current, electromagnetic field, and related optical images suggest that the positive leader may develop in a step-like fashion at its initial stage of triggered lightning. However, the stepping processes of the positive leader are obviously different from those of the negative leader. Tower-initiated lightning revealed that the most conspicuous characteristics of the stepwise positive leader involve the intermittent brush-like corona zone in front of the leader tip and the luminosity enhancement of the channel behind the tip. In rockettriggered lightning flashes, the charge transferred during an individual step for the negative leader was nearly an order greater than for the positive counterpart. The successive streamers ahead of the leader tip are essential for both negative and positive leader propagation, and the stems could be formed from one or more streamers in the previous negative streamer zone with the main leader channel dim. High-resolution observation of tower lightning also revealed a new type of bidirectional recoil leader, with polarity contrary to the traditional one, traversing in negative channels associated with tower-initiated and rocket-triggered lightning. | XiuShu Qie ShanFeng Yuan HongBo Zhang RuBin Jiang ZhiJun Wu MingYuan Liu ZhuLing Sun YunJiao Pu JinLiang Li Abhay Srivastava ZiLong Ma GaoPeng Lu | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，2： | 0 |
| 7 | Lightning Nowcasting with an Algorithm of Thunderstorm Tracking Based on Lightning Location Data over the Beijing Area显示文摘A thunderstorm tracking algorithm is proposed to nowcast the possibility of lightning activity over an area of concern by using the total lightning data and neighborhood technique.The lightning radiation sources observed from the Beijing Lightning Network(BLNET)were used to obtain information about the thunderstorm cells,which are significantly valuable in real-time.The boundaries of thunderstorm cells were obtained through the neighborhood technique.After smoothing,these boundaries were used to track the movement of thunderstorms and then extrapolated to nowcast the lightning approaching in an area of concern.The algorithm can deliver creditable results prior to a thunderstorm arriving at the area of concern,with accuracies of 63%,80%,and 91%for lead times of 30,15,and 5 minutes,respectively.The real-time observations of total lightning appear to be significant for thunderstorm tracking and lightning nowcasting,as total lightning tracking could help to fill the observational gaps in radar reflectivity due to the attenuation by hills or other obstacles.The lightning data used in the algorithm performs well in tracking the active thunderstorm cells associated with lightning activities. | Abhay SRIVASTAVA Dongxia LIU Chen XU Shanfeng YUAN Dongfang WANG Ogunsua BABALOLA Zhuling SUN Zhixiong CHEN Hongbo ZHANG | 2022 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2022，39，1： | 0 |
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