|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Effects of Surface Flux Parameterization on the Numerically Simulated Intensity and Structure of Typhoon Morakot(2009)显示文摘The effects of surface flux parameterizations on tropical cyclone(TC) intensity and structure are investigated using the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF-ARW) modeling system with high-resolution simulations of Typhoon Morakot(2009).Numerical experiments are designed to simulate Typhoon Morakot(2009) with different formulations of surface exchange coefficients for enthalpy(C_K) and momentum(C_D) transfers,including those from recent observational studies based on in situ aircraft data collected in Atlantic hurricanes.The results show that the simulated intensity and structure are sensitive to C_K and C_D,but the simulated track is not.Consistent with previous studies,the simulated storm intensity is found to be more sensitive to the ratio of C_K/C_D than to C_K or C_D alone.The pressure-wind relationship is also found to be influenced by the exchange coefficients,consistent with recent numerical studies.This paper emphasizes the importance of C_D and C_K on TC structure simulations.The results suggest that C_D and C_K have a large impact on surface wind and flux distributions,boundary layer heights,the warm core,and precipitation.Compared to available observations,the experiment with observed C_D and C_K generally simulated better intensity and structure than the other experiments,especially over the ocean.The reasons for the structural differences among the experiments with different C_D and C_K setups are discussed in the context of TC dynamics and thermodynamics. | Jie MING Jun A.ZHANG | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，1： | 7 |
| 2 | Decreased serum albumin level indicates poor prognosis of COVID-19 patients: hepatic injury analysis from 2,623 hospitalized cases显示文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is a global pandemic which has caused numerous deaths worldwide. The present study investigated the roles of hypoproteinemia in the clinical outcome and liver dysfunction of COVID-19 patients. In this retrospective study, we extracted data from 2,623 clinically confirmed adult COVID-19 patients(≥18 years old) between January 29,2020 and March 6, 2020 in Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China. The patients were divided into three groups—non-critically ill,critically ill, and death groups—in accordance with the Chinese Clinical Guideline for COVID-19. Serum albumin, low-density lipoproteins cholesterol(LDL-C), and high-density lipoproteins cholesterol(HDL-C) concentrations and inflammatory cytokines levels were measured and compared among these three groups. The median age of these 2,623 patients was 64 years old(interquartile range(IQR), 52–71). Among the patients enrolled in the study, 2,008(76.6%) were diagnosed as non-critically ill and 615(23.4%) were critically ill patients, including 383(14.6%) critically ill survivors and 232(8.8%) critically ill deaths in the hospital. Marked hypoalbuminemia occurred in 38.2%, 71.2%, and 82.4% patients in non-critically ill, critically ill, and death groups, respectively, on admission and 45.9%, 77.7%, and 95.6% of these three groups, respectively, during hospitalization. We also discovered that serum low-density lipoprotein(LDL) and HDL levels were significantly lower in critically ill and death groups compared to non-critically ill group. Meanwhile, the patients displayed dramatically elevated levels of serum inflammatory factors, while a markedly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) in critically ill patients reflected coagulopathy. This study suggests that COVID-19-induced cytokine storm causes hepatotoxicity and subsequently critical hypoalbuminemia, which are associated with exacerbation of disease-associated inflammatory responses and progression of the disease and ultimately leads to death for some critically ill patients. | Wei Huang Chenze Li Zhiquan Wang Hong Wang Ning Zhou Jiangang Jiang Li Ni Xin A.Zhang Dao-Wen Wang | 2020 | Science China(Life Sciences)2020，63，11： | 7 |
| 3 | SENSITIVITY OF HURRICANE INTENSITY AND STRUCTURE TO TWO TYPES OF PLANETARY BOUNDARY LAYER PARAMETERIZATION SCHEMES IN IDEALIZED HWRF SIMULATIONS显示文摘This paper investigates the sensitivity of simulated hurricane intensity and structure to two planetary boundary layer(PBL) schemes in the Hurricane Weather and Research Forecast model including 1) the GFS scheme(control run) that uses the K-profile method to parameterize turbulent fluxes, and 2) the MYJ scheme that is based on turbulent kinetic energy(TKE) budget for turbulent closure. Idealized simulations with these two PBL schemes show that the storm in the TKE run is stronger than that in the control run after three days into simulation. Multi-scale structures are evaluated and compared between the control and the TKE runs prior to the divergence of the model-simulated intensity to elucidate the mechanism underlying such a difference in the intensity between the two runs. It is found that the storm in the TKE run has i) a shallower boundary layer with a stronger PBL inflow, ii) stronger boundary layer convergence closer to the storm center, iii) higher vorticity and inertial stability inside the RMW; iv) stronger and deeper updrafts in regions further inward from the radius of maximum wind(RMW), and v) more convective bursts located near the RMW as compared to the control run. Angular momentum budget analysis suggests that the convergence of angular momentum in the boundary layer is much stronger in the TKE run than in the control run, which is responsible for faster spin-up of the hurricane vortex in the TKE run. | JIE TANG JUN A.ZHANG CHANH KIEU FRANK D.MARKS | 2018 | Tropical Cyclone Research and Review2018，7，4： | 5 |
| 4 | A DEVELOPMENTAL FRAMEWORK FOR IMPROVING HURRICANE MODEL PHYSICAL PARAMETERIZATIONS USING AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONS显示文摘As part of NOAA’s Hurricane Forecast Improvement Program(HFIP),this paper addresses the important role of aircraft observations in hurricane model physics validation and improvement.A model developmental framework for improving the physical parameterizations using quality-controlled and post-processed aircraft observations is presented,with steps that include model diagnostics,physics development,physics implementation and further evaluation.Model deficiencies are first identified through model diagnostics by comparing the simulated axisymmetric multi-scale structures to observational composites.New physical parameterizations are developed in parallel based on in-situ observational data from specially designed hurricane field programs.The new physics package is then implemented in the model,which is followed by further evaluation.The developmental framework presented here is found to be successful in improving the surface layer and boundary layer parameterization schemes in the operational Hurricane Weather Research and Forecast(HWRF) model.Observations for improving physics packages other than boundary layer scheme are also discussed. | JUN A.ZHANG SUNDARARAMAN GOPALAKRISHNAN FRANK D.MARKS ROBERT F.ROGERS VIJAY TALLAPRAGADA | 2012 | Tropical Cyclone Research and Review2012，1，4： | 2 |
| 5 | Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated From Bovine Mastitis in China显示文摘 | D.Shi Y.Hao A.Zhang B.Wulan X.Fan | 2010 | Transboundary and Emerging Diseases2010，，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Recent advancements in aircraft and in situ observations of tropical cyclones显示文摘Observations of tropical cyclones(TC)from aircraft and in situ platforms provide critical and unique information for analyzing and forecasting TC intensity,structure,track,and their associated hazards.This report,prepared for the tenth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-10),discusses the data collected around the world in TCs over the past four years since the IWTC-9,improvements to observing techniques,new instruments designed to achieve sustained and targeted atmospheric and oceanic observations,and select research results related to these observations.In the Atlantic and Eastern and Central Pacific basins,changes to operational aircraft reconnaissance are discussed along with several of the research field campaigns that have taken place recently.The changes in the use and impact of these aircraft observations in numerical weather prediction models are also provided along with updates on some of the experimental aircraft instrumentation.Highlights from three field campaigns in the Western Pacific basin are also discussed.Examples of in-situ data collected within recent TCs such as Hurricane Ian(2022),also demonstrate that new,emerging technologies and observation strategies reviewed in this report,definitely have the potential to further improve ocean-atmosphere coupled intensity forecasts. | Heather M.Holbach Olivier Bousquet Lisa Bucci Paul Chang Joe Cione Sarah Ditchek Jim Doyle Jean-Philippe Duvel Jack Elston Gustavo Goni Kai Kwong Hon Kosuke Ito Zorana Jelenak Xiaotu Lei Rick Lumpkin Clive R.McMahon Christopher Reason Elizabeth Sanabia Lynn Keith Shay Jason A.Sippel Andrey Sushko Jie Tang Kazuhisa Tsuboki Hiroyuki Yamada Jonathan Zawislak Jun A.Zhang | 2023 | Tropical Cyclone Research and Review2023，12，2： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员