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| 1 | Functional foods-based diet as a novel dietary approach for management of type 2 diabetes and its complications: A review显示文摘Type 2 diabetes is a complicated metabolic disorder with both short- and long-term undesirable complications. In recent years, there has been growing evidence that functional foods and their bioactive compounds, due to their biological properties, may be used as complementary treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we have highlighted various functional foods as missing part of medical nutrition therapy in diabetic patients. Several in vitro, animal models and some human studies, have demonstrated that functional foods and nutraceuticals may improve postprandial hyperglycemia and adipose tissue metabolism modulatecarbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Functional foods may also improve dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, and attenuate oxidative stress and inflammatory processes and subsequently could prevent the development of long-term diabetes complications including cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. In conclusion available data indicate that a functional foods-based diet may be a novel and comprehensive dietary approach for management of type 2 diabetes. | Parvin Mirmiran Zahra Bahadoran Fereidoun Azizi | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，3： | 18 |
| 2 | Human papillomavirus in squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus in a high-risk population显示文摘AIM: To investigate the relation of human papillomavirus (HPV) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)in Iranian patients as compared to normal controls.METHODS: Using MY09/MY11 consensus primers, we compared the prevalence of a HPV L1 gene in tumor tissues from 38 ESCC cases and biopsied tissues from 38endoscopically normal Iranian individuals. We also compared the presence of HPV16 and HPV18 in the same samples using type-specific E6/E7 primers.RESULTS: Fourteen (36.8%) of the 38 ESCC samples but only 5 (13.2%) of the 38 control samples were positive for the HPV L1 gene (P = 0.02). Five (13.2%) of the ESCC samples but none of the control samples were positive for the HPV16 E6/E7gene (P = 0.05). Three (7.9%) of the ESCC samples and 5 (13.2%) of the control samples were positive for the HPV18 E6/E7gene (P = 0.71).CONCLUSION: Our data are consistent with HPV DNA studies conducted in other high-risk areas for ESCC. HPV should be considered as a potential factor contributing to the high incidence of ESCC in Iran and other high-incidence areas of the world. | Mohammad Farhadi Zahra Tahmasebi Shahin Merat Farin Kamangar Dariush Nasrollahzadeh Reza Malekzadeh | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，8： | 16 |
| 3 | Advances in greenhouse automation and controlled environment agriculture:A transition to plant factories and urban agriculture显示文摘Greenhouse cultivation has evolved from simple covered rows of open-fields crops to highly sophisticated controlled environment agriculture(CEA)facilities that projected the image of plant factories for urban agriculture.The advances and improvements in CEA have promoted the scientific solutions for the efficient production of plants in populated cities and multi-story buildings.Successful deployment of CEA for urban agriculture requires many components and subsystems,as well as the understanding of the external influencing factors that should be systematically considered and integrated.This review is an attempt to highlight some of the most recent advances in greenhouse technology and CEA in order to raise the awareness for technology transfer and adaptation,which is necessary for a successful transition to urban agriculture.This study reviewed several aspects of a high-tech CEA system including improvements in the frame and covering materials,environment perception and data sharing,and advanced microclimate control and energy optimization models.This research highlighted urban agriculture and its derivatives,including vertical farming,rooftop greenhouses and plant factories which are the extensions of CEA and have emerged as a response to the growing population,environmental degradation,and urbanization that are threatening food security.Finally,several opportunities and challenges have been identified in implementing the integrated CEA and vertical farming for urban agriculture. | Redmond Ramin Shamshiri Fatemeh Kalantari K.C.Ting Kelly R.Thorp Ibrahim A.Hameed Cornelia Weltzien Desa Ahmad Zahra Mojgan Shad | 2018 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2018，11，1： | 14 |
| 4 | Identification of squamous cell carcinoma associated proteins by proteomics and loss of beta tropomyosin expression in esophageal cancer显示文摘AIM: To assess the proteome of normal versus tumor tissue in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) in Iranian patients and compare our results with former reports by using proteomics. METHODS: Protein was extracted from normal and tumor tissues. Two dimensional electrophoresis was carried out and spots with differential expression were identified with mass spectrometry. RNA extraction and RT-PCR along with immunodetection were performed. RESULTS: Fourteen proteins were found whose expression levels differed in tumor compared to normal tissues. Mass spectrometric analysis resulted in the identification of β-tropomyosin (TMβ), myosin light chain 2 (and its isoform), myosin regulatory light chain 2, peroxyredoxin 2, annexinⅠand an unknown polypeptide as the down regulated polypeptides in tumor tissue. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), TPM4-ALK fusion oncoprotein 2, myosin light polypeptide 6, keratinⅠ, GH16431p and calreticulin were the up-regulated polypeptides found in tumor tissue. Several of these proteins, such as TMβ,HSP70, annexinⅠ, calreticulin, TPM4-ALK and isoforms of myosins, have been well recognized in tumorigenesis of esophageal or other types of cancers. CONCLUSION: Our study not only supports the involve- ment of some of the formerly reported proteins in SCCE but also introduces additional proteins found to be lost in SCCE, including TMβ. | Ferdous Rastgar Jazii Zahra Najafi Reza Malekzadeh Thomas P Conrads Abed Ali Ziaee Christian Abnet Mansour Yazdznbod Ali Asghar Karkhane Ghasem H Salekdeh | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，44： | 14 |
| 5 | 国际社会创业研究前沿探析:基于情境分析视角显示文摘在全球一体化的背景下,社会创业呈现出一定的国际化趋势。为了揭示该现象,本文从情境分析的视角讨论了国际社会创业研究的情境因素,指出国际社会创业研究是社会创业和国际创业的交叉研究领域,进而对国际创业和社会创业的相关定义和现有研究进行了述评,旨在归纳国际社会创业的定义并为接下来的讨论奠定基础;基于Zahra和Wright提出的以情境因素为核心的创业研究框架,本文构建了国际社会创业的研究框架,并结合相关研究述评对国际社会创业研究的理论基础进行了探析;最后,本文对未来的相关研究问题进行了展望。 | 赵丽缦 Shaker Zahra 顾庆良 | 2014 | 外国经济与管理2014，36，5： | 13 |
| 6 | GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping using numerical risk factor bivariate model and its ensemble with linear multivariate regression and boosted regression tree algorithms显示文摘In this study, a novel approach of the landslide numerical risk factor(LNRF) bivariate model was used in ensemble with linear multivariate regression(LMR) and boosted regression tree(BRT) models, coupled with radar remote sensing data and geographic information system(GIS), for landslide susceptibility mapping(LSM) in the Gorganroud watershed, Iran. Fifteen topographic, hydrological, geological and environmental conditioning factors and a landslide inventory(70%, or 298 landslides) were used in mapping. Phased array-type L-band synthetic aperture radar data were used to extract topographic parameters. Coefficients of tolerance and variance inflation factor were used to determine the coherence among conditioning factors. Data for the landslide inventory map were obtained from various resources, such as Iranian Landslide Working Party(ILWP), Forestry, Rangeland and Watershed Organisation(FRWO), extensive field surveys, interpretation of aerial photos and satellite images, and radar data. Of the total data, 30% were used to validate LSMs, using area under the curve(AUC), frequency ratio(FR) and seed cell area index(SCAI).Normalised difference vegetation index, land use/land cover and slope degree in BRT model elevation, rainfall and distance from stream were found to be important factors and were given the highest weightage in modelling. Validation results using AUC showed that the ensemble LNRF-BRT and LNRFLMR models(AUC = 0.912(91.2%) and 0.907(90.7%), respectively) had high predictive accuracy than the LNRF model alone(AUC = 0.855(85.5%)). The FR and SCAI analyses showed that all models divided the parameter classes with high precision. Overall, our novel approach of combining multivariate and machine learning methods with bivariate models, radar remote sensing data and GIS proved to be a powerful tool for landslide susceptibility mapping. | Alireza ARABAMERI Biswajeet PRADHAN Khalil REZAE Masoud SOHRABI Zahra KALANTARI | 2019 | Journal of Mountain Science2019，16，3： | 11 |
| 7 | Protective effect of essential oil of Pistacia atlantica Desf. on peptic ulcer: role of α-pinene显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Pistacia atlantica Desf. oleoresin essential oil on peptic ulcer(PU) and its antibacterial effect on metronidazole-resistant Helicobacter pylori, as well as chemi-cal composition of the essential oil.METHODS: The essential oil was standardized using gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC/MS) analysis. Acute toxicity of the essential oil was assessed in animal model. In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity was performed through disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration method. For gastroprotective assay, rats received Pistacia atlantica Desf. essential oil(25, 50 and 100 mg/kg orally) 1 h before induction of ulcer by ethanol.Macroscopic(ulcer index and protection rate) and microscopic examination were performed.RESULTS: The GC/MS analysis of the essential oil led to the identification of twenty constituents andα-pinene is predominant constituent. The essential oil was safe up to 2000 mg/kg. All Helicobacter pylori strains were susceptible to the essential oil and the MIC ranged from 275 to 1100 μg/m L. The ulcer index for treated groups was significantly reduced compared to control(P < 0.001) with EC50 value of 12.32 mg/kg. In microscopic examination, Pistacia atlantica attenuated destruction and necrosis of gastric tissue.CONCLUSION: Current study exhibited protective effect of standardized Pistacia atlantica essential oil against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer and its antibacterial activity on Helicobacter pylori. α-pinene might be the responsible agent. | Zahra Memariani Mohammad Sharifzadeh Mahbubeh Bozorgi Mannan Hajimahmoodi Mohammad Hosein Farzaei Mahdi Gholami Farideh Siavoshi Parastoo Saniee | 2017 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2017，37，1： | 10 |
| 8 | High-fidelity replication of thermoplastic microneedles with open microfluidic channels显示文摘Development of microneedles for unskilled and painless collection of blood or drug delivery addresses the quality of healthcare through early intervention at point-of-care.Microneedles with submicron to millimeter features have been fabricated from materials such as metals,silicon,and polymers by subtractive machining or etching.However,to date,large-scale manufacture of hollow microneedles has been limited by the cost and complexity of microfabrication techniques.This paper reports a novel manufacturing method that may overcome the complexity of hollow microneedle fabrication.Prototype microneedles with open microfluidic channels are fabricated by laser stereolithography.Thermoplastic replicas are manufactured from these templates by soft-embossing with high fidelity at submicron resolution.The manufacturing advantages are(a)direct printing from computeraided design(CAD)drawing without the constraints imposed by subtractive machining or etching processes,(b)high-fidelity replication of prototype geometries with multiple reuses of elastomeric molds,(c)shorter manufacturing time compared to three-dimensional stereolithography,and(d)integration of microneedles with open-channel microfluidics.Future work will address development of open-channel microfluidics for drug delivery,fluid sampling and analysis. | Zahra Faraji Rad Robert E.Nordon Carl J.Anthony Lynne Bilston Philip D.Prewett Ji-Youn Arns Christoph H.Arns Liangchi Zhang Graham J.Davies | 2017 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2017，3，1： | 9 |
| 9 | Parsley: a review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and biological activities显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To summarize comprehensive information concerning ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of parsley. METHODS: Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched for studies focusing on the ethnomedicinal use, phytochemical compounds and biological and pharmacological activities of parsley. Data were collected from 1966 to 2013. The search terms were: 'Parsley' or 'Petroselinum crispum' or 'Petroseli-num hortence '. RESULTS: Parsley has been used as carminative, gastro tonic, diuretic, antiseptic of urinary tract, anti-urolithiasis, anti-dote and anti-inflammatory and for the treatment of amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, gastrointestinal disorder, hypertension, cardiac disease, urinary disease, otitis, sniffle, diabetes and also various dermal disease in traditional and folklore medicines. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids particularly apigenin, apiin and 6'-Acetylapiin; essential oil mainly myristicin and apiol; and also coumarins are the active compounds identified in Petroselinum crispum. Wide range of pharmacological activity including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, brain protective, anti-diabetic, analgesic, spasmolytic, immunosuppressant, anti-platelet, gastroprotective, cytoprotective, laxative, estrogenic, diuretic, hypotensive, antibacterial and antifungal activities have been exhibited for this plant in modern medicine. CONCLUSION: It is expectant that this study resulted in improvement the tendencies toward Petroselinum crispum as a useful and important medicinal plant with wide range of proven medicinal activity. | Mohammad Hosein Farzaei Zahra Abbasabadi Mohammad Reza Shams Ardekani Roja Rahimi Fatemeh Farzaei | 2013 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2013，33，6： | 9 |
| 10 | Discernment scheme for paraquat poisoning: A five-year experience in Shiraz, Iran显示文摘AIM To evaluate various schemes for paraquat poisoning and different variables that influence the outcome of acute paraquat poisoning.METHODS In a cross-sectional study, the information about all cases of acute paraquat poisoning who were admitted to teaching hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, in a five year period(September 2010 to September 2015) were evaluated. The variables included: Demographic data, medical assessment, therapeutic options, laboratory findings, and the outcomes. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 22. Significant difference between groups was tested using t-test for continues outcomes and χ~2 test for categorical. The significance level was considered to be P < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 104 patients(66.3% male) were evaluated. The mean age of the female patients was 22.81 ± 9.87 years and the male patients' was 27.21 ± 11.06 years. Ninety seven(93.3%) of all the cases were suicide attempts with mortality rate of 43.2%. Despite the necessity for emergency hemodialysis during the first 6 h of intoxication, none of the patients had dialysis during this time. Immunosuppressive and corticosteroid medications were not administrated in adequate dosage in 31.1% and 60% of the patients, respectively. Ingestion of more than22.5 cc of paraquat and increase in creatinine level were the most important predictors of mortality.CONCLUSION Treatment should start immediately for these patients.Moreover, creating a clinical guideline according to the findings can have an impact on the treatment procedure which seems to be necessary. | Saeed Kavousi-Gharbi Reza Jalli Akbar Rasekhi-Kazerouni Zahra Habibagahi Sayed Mahdi Marashi | 2017 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2017，7，1： | 8 |
| 11 | 动荡时代下的国际创业显示文摘由于快速的技术变迁、全球生态系统的出现和数字平台的扩散,全球市场正在经历重大变化。然而,反全球化和民族主义运动也引发了无序和混乱。因此,和其他国家的企业一样,中国大大小小的企业都在重新考虑其进军国际市场的尝试。本文基于过去三十多年来的研究成果,探讨了如何在中国情境下研究国际创业,并产出对公共政策和管理实践具有重要价值的研究成果。 | Shaker A. Zahra 钟莹(翻译) 尹珏林(审校) | 2019 | 管理学季刊2019，4，1： | 8 |
| 12 | A biotechnological perspective on the application of iron oxide nanoparticles显示文摘在最近的十年,磁性的铁 nanoparticles (NP ) 在外部磁场下面由于象 superparamagnetism,高表面区域,大 surface-to-volume 比率,和容易的分离那样的性质吸引了许多注意。因此,磁性的氧化铁在众多的应用,包括的磁性的回声成像对比改进,织物修理,免疫分析,生物液体的 detoxification,药交货,过高热,和房间为使用有潜力分离。这评论提供一更新并且为 biotechnological 应用的合适的磁性的铁 NP 的制造和描述的综合焦点。在这些 NP 的进一步的发展的可能的观点和一些挑战也被讨论。 | Farnaz Assa Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri Hossein Ajamein Navideh Anarjan Hamideh Vaghari Zahra Sayyar Aydin Berenjian | 2016 | Nano Research2016，9，8： | 8 |
| 13 | Smartphones,tele-ophthalmology,and VISION 2020显示文摘Telemedicine is an emerging field in recent medical achievements with rapid development.The 'smartphone' availability has increased in both developed and developing countries even among people in rural and remotes areas.Telebased services can be used for screening ophthalmic diseases and also monitoring patients with known diseases.Electronic ophthalmologic records of the patients including captured images by smartphones from anterior and posterior segments of the eye will be evaluated by ophthalmologists,and if patients require further evaluations,they will be referred to experts in the relevant field.Eye diseases such as cataract,glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration,diabetic retinopathy,and retinopathy of prematurity are the most common causes of blindness in many countries and beneficial use of teleophthalmology with smartphones will be a good way to achieve the aim of VISION 2020 all over the world.Numerous studies have shown that teleophthalmology is similar to the conventional eye care system in clinical outcomes and even provides more patient satisfaction as it saves time and cost.This review explains how teleophthalmology helps to improve patient outcomes through smartphones. | Mehrdad Mohammadpour Zahra Heidari Masoud Mirghorbani Hassan Hashemi | 2017 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2017，10，12： | 8 |
| 14 | TIRAP rs8177374 gene polymorphism increased the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in Zahedan,southeast Iran显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the possible association between Toll-interleukin 1 receptor(TIR) domain containing adaptor protein(TIRAP;also known as MAI.) rsl893352 and rs8l77374(S180L) gene polymorphisms and pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) in a sample of Iranian population.Methods:This case-control study was performed on 174 PTB and 177 healthy subjects.Tetra amplification refractory mutation systetn-polymerase chain reaction(T-AKMS-PCR) was used to detect the polymorphisms.Results:Our finding showed that neither the overall Ckisqaare comparison of PTB and control subjects nor the logistic regression analysis indicated any association between rsl893352 polymorphism and PTB.Regarding rs8l77374 polymorphism,the CT genotype as well as CT+TT increased the risk of PTB in comparison with CC genotype(OR=4.73,95%CI=2.65-8.45,P<0.0001 and OR=6.47,95%C1=3.68-11.38,P<0.0001.respectively).The rs8177374 T allele increased the risk of PTB in comparison with C allele(OR=4.21.95%CI=2.43-7.26,P<0.0001).Conclusions:Our finding indicates that TIRAP rs8177374 polymorphism is associated with PTB in a sample of Iranian population. | Mohammad Naderi Mohammad Hashemi Zahra Pourmontaseri Ebrahim Eskari-Nasab Gholamreza Bahari Mohsen Taheri | 2014 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2014，7，6： | 8 |
| 15 | Effects of Gibberellic Acid on Primary Terpenoids and △^9 -Tetrahydrocannabinol in Cannabis sativa at Flowering Stage显示文摘Plants synthesize an astonishing diversity of isoprenoids,some of which play essential roles in photosynthesis,respiration,and the regulation of growth and development.Two independent pathways for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid precursors coexist within the plant cell: the cytosolic mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway and the plastidial methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway.However,little is known about the effects of plant hormones on the regulation of these pathways.In the present study we investigated the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) on changes in the amounts of many produced terpenoids and the activity of the key enzymes,1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR),in these pathways.Our results showed GA3 caused a decrease in DXS activity in both sexes that it was accompanied by a decrease in chlorophylls,carotenoids and 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) contents and an increase in α-tocopherol content.The treated plants with GA3 showed an increase in HMGR activity.This increase in HMGR activity was followed by accumulation of stigmasterol and β-sitosterol in male and female plants and campestrol in male plants.The pattern of the changes in the amounts of sterols was exactly similar to the changes in the HMGR activity.These data suggest that GA3 can probably influence the MEP and MVA pathways oppositely,with stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the produced primary terpenoids in MVA and DXS pathways,respectively. | Hakimeh Mansouri Zahra Asrar Mitra Mehrabani | 2009 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2009，51，6： | 8 |
| 16 | 12 hours after cerebral ischemia is the optimal time for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation显示文摘Cell therapy using stem cell transplantation against cerebral ischemia has been reported. However, it remains controversial regarding the optimal time for cell transplantation and the transplantation route. Rat models of cerebral ischemia were established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. At 1, 12 hours, 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after cerebral ischemia, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were injected via the tail vein. At 28 days after cerebral ischemia, rat neurological function was evaluated using a 6-point grading scale and the pathological change of ischemic cerebral tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Under the fluorescence microscope, the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was examined by PKH labeling. Caspase-3 activity was measured using spectrophotometry. The optimal neurological function recovery, lowest degree of ischemic cerebral damage, greatest number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells migrating to peri-ischemic area, and lowest caspase-3 activity in the ischemic cerebral tissue were observed in rats that underwent bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation at 12 hours after cerebral ischemia. These findings suggest that 12 hours after cerebral ischemia is the optimal time for tail vein injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation against cerebral ischemia, and the strongest neuroprotective effect of this cell therapy appears at this time. | Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini Mohammad Farahmandnia Zahra Razi Somayeh Delavarifar Benafsheh Shakibajahromi | 2015 | Neural Regeneration Research2015，10，6： | 7 |
| 17 | Effects of cinnamon on perineal pain and healing of episiotomy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial显示文摘BACKGROUND: Analgesic and wound-healing effects of cinnamon, a widely used spice, have been shown in laboratory rats. However, we found no human studies in this area.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of cinnamon on perineal pain and healing of episiotomy incision.DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 144 postpartum women were allocated into two groups, using stratifi ed block randomization, 1 h after completion of episiotomy repair. They received cinnamon or placebo ointment, 2 mL every 12 h for 10 d.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perineal pain and wound healing were assessed using visual analogue scale(0-10) and Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, Approximation scale(0-15), respectively. General linear model was used to compare the groups on the outcomes adjusted for baseline values and stratifi ed factors.RESULTS: Follow-up rate was 100% up to the 8 h time point in both groups, and 86%(62 of 72) in the cinnamon group and 85%(61 of 72) in the placebo group at day 10-11 after delivery. Pain score in the cinnamon group was signifi cantly lower than that in the placebo group at(4±1) h(adjusted difference:-0.6, 95% confi dence interval:-1.0 to-0.2) and(8±1) h(-0.9,-1.4 to-0.3) after intervention, and on the 10-11 th day after delivery(-1.4,-2.0 to-0.7). Also the cinnamon group showed signifi cantly more improvement than the control group in healing score at(8±1) h(-0.2,-0.4 to-0.04) and the 10-11 th day after delivery(-1.6,-2.0 to-1.1). CONCLUSION: Cinnamon can be used for reducing perineal pain and improving healing of episiotomy incision. | Azam Mohammadi Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi Mojgan Mirghafourvand Yousef Javadzadeh Zahra Fardiazar Fatemeh Effati-Daryani | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2014，12，4： | 7 |
| 18 | Progress in the development of vaccines for hepatitis C virus infection显示文摘The hepatitis C virus(HCV), first described in 1989, is now a leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. With more than 170 million people infected globally, this virus is a major public health issue. The current standard therapy is based on interferon in combination with ribavirin. This costly therapy often fails to completely clear the infection and is associated with adverse side effects. Recent anti-HCV therapies are interferon-free direct-acting antiviral(DAA) regimens for HCV, including simeprevir, sofosbuvir, and ledipasvir, which have effects on non-structural proteins. DAA regimens have several advantages, such as specifically targeting HCV viral replication, accompanied by very high sustained virological response rates and lower side effects like flu-like syndrome. These facts plus the fact that most HCV cases progress to chronic infection suggest the potential need for an efficient HCV vaccine. Different innovative methods, including methods based on peptide, recombinant protein, DNA, vector-based, and virus-like particles, have been introduced for the development of HCV vaccines. An extensive number of studies have been published on these vaccines, and some vaccines were even tested in clinical trials. In the current review, progress in the development of preventive and therapeutic vaccines against the HCV is reviewed in the context of peptide vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, HCV-like particle, DNA vaccines and viral vectors expressing HCV genes. | Faezeh Ghasemi Sina Rostami Zahra Meshkat | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，42： | 6 |
| 19 | Challenging loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP) technique for molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii显示文摘Objective:To compare analytical sensitivity and specificity of a newly described DNA amplification technique.LAMP and nested PCR assay targeting the RE and Bl genes for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii(T.gondii) DNA.Methods:The analytical sensitivity of LAMP and ncstcd-PCR was obtained against 10-fold serial dilutions of T.gondii DNA ranging from 1 ng to 0.01 fg.DNA samples of other parasites and human chromosomal DNA were used to determine the specificity of molecular assays.Results:After testing LAMP and nesled-PCR in duplicate,the detection limit of RE-LAMP.B1-LAMP,RE-nested PCR and B1-nested PCR assays was one fg.100 fg,1 pg and 10 pg of T.gondii DNA respectively.All the LAMP assays and nested PCRs were 100% specific.The RE-LAMP assay revealed the most sensitivity for the detection of T.gondii DNA.Conclusions:The obtained results demonstrate that the LAMP technique has a greater sensitivity for detection of T.gondii.Furthermore,these findings indicate that primers based on the RE are more suitable than those based on the B1 gene.However,the B1-LAMP assay has potential as a diagnostic tool for detection of T.gondii. | Shirzad Fallahi Zahra Arab Mazar Mehrdad Ghasemian Ali Haghighi | 2015 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2015，8，5： | 6 |
| 20 | Detection of Tocopherol in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Using Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector显示文摘The variation among Chinese genotypes of Brassica napus L.for seed tocopherols content and their analysis using gas chromatography has not been comprehensively reported till to date.In the present study,the tocopherol contents of four Chinese genotypes of Brassica napus L.,namely,Gaoyou 605,Zhejiang 619,Zheshuang 758,and Zheshuang 72,were evaluated using three modified sample preparation protocols(P1,P2,and P3) for tocopherol extraction.These methods were distinguished as follows.Protocol one(P1) included the evaporation of solvent after extraction without silylation.Protocol two(P2) followed the direct supernatant collection after overnight extraction without drying and silylation.Protocol three(P3) included trimethylsilylation with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide.Genotypic comparison of tocopherol and its isoforms revealed that Gaoyou 605 was dominant over the other genotypes with(140.5±10.5),(316.2± 9.2),and(559.1±24.3) μg g-1 of seed meal α-,γ-,and total(T-) tocopherol,respectively,and a 0.44±0.04 α-to γ-tocopherol ratio.The comparison of the sample preparation protocols,on the other hand,suggests that P3 is the most suitable method for the tocopherol extraction from Brassica oilseeds and for the analysis of tocopherols using gas chromatography flame ionization detector(GC-FID).Trimethylsilylation is the key step differentiating P3 from P1 and P2.Variations detected in tocopherol contents among the Chinese rapeseed(B.napus) genotypes signify the need to quantify a wide range of rapeseed germplasm for seed tocopherol dynamics in short and crop improvement in long. | Nazim Hussain Zahra Jabeen LI Yuan-long CHEN Ming-xun LI Zhi-lan GUO Wan-li Imran Haider Shamsi CHEN Xiao-yang JIANG Li-xi | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2013，12，5： | 6 |
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