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| 1 | Sonographic appearance of anal cushions of hemorrhoids显示文摘AIM To evaluate the diagnostic value of different sonographic methods in hemorrhoids.METHODSForty-two healthy volunteers and sixty-two patients with gradesⅠ-Ⅳhemorrhoids received two different sonographic examinations from January 2013 to January2016 at the First and Second Hospitals of Xinjiang Medical University in a prospective way.We analyzed the ultrasonographic findings of these participants and evaluated the outcomes.Resected gradesⅢandⅣhemorrhoid tissues were pathologically examined.The concordance of ultrasonographic results with pathologyresults was assessed with the Cohen’s kappa coefficient.RESULTS All healthy volunteers and all patients had no particular complications related to sonography.There were no statistically significant differences between the participants regarding age(P=0.5919),gender(P=0.4183),and persistent symptoms(P>0.8692).All healthy control participants had nospecial findings.However,30 patients with hemorrhoids showed blood signals around the dentate line on ultrasonography.When gradesⅠandⅡhemorrhoids were analyzed,there were no significant differences between transrectal ultrasound(TRUS),transperianal ultrasound(TPUS),and transvaginal ultrasound(TVUS)(P>0.05).GradesⅢandⅣhemorrhoids revealed blood flow with different directions which could be observed as a'mosaic pattern'.In patients with gradesⅢandⅣhemorrhoids,the number of patients with'mosaic pattern'as revealed by TRUS,TPUS and TVUS was 22,12,and 4,respectively.Patients with gradesⅢandⅣdisease presented with a pathologically abnormal cushion which usually appeared as a'mosaic pattern'in TPUS and an arteriovenous fistula in pathology.Subepithelial vessels of resected gradesⅢandⅣhemorrhoid tissues were manifested by obvious structural impairment and retrograde and ruptured changes of internal elastic lamina.Some parts of the Trietz’s muscle showed hypertrophy and distortion.Arteriovenous fistulas and venous dilatation were obvious in the anal cushion of hemorhoidal tissues.After pathological results with arteriovenous fistulas were taken as the standard reference,we evaluated the compatibility between the two methods according to the Cohen’s kappa coefficiency calculation.The compatibility(Cohein kappa co-efficiency value)between'mosaic pattern'in the TPUS and arteriovenous fistula in pathology was very good(?=0.8939).When compared between different groups,TRUS presented the advantage that the mosaic pattern could be confirmed in more patients,especially for group A.There was a statistical difference when comparing group A with group B or C(P<0.05 for both).There were obvious statistical differences between group A and group B with regard to the vessel diameter and blood flow velocity measured by TRUS(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Patients with gradesⅢandⅣhemorrhoids present with a pathologically abnormal cushion which usually appears as a'mosaic pattern'in sonography,which is in accord with an arteriovenous fistula in pathology.There are clearly different hemorrhoid structures shown by sonography.'Mosaic pattern'may be a parameter for surgical indication of gradesⅢandⅣhemorrhoids. | Adilijiang Aimaiti Ma Mu Ti Jiang A Ba Bai Ke Re Irshat Ibrahim Hui Chen Maimaitituerxun Tuerdi Mayinuer | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，20： | 11 |
| 2 | Serum NGAL and cys- tatin C as predictive biomarkers for acute kidney injury显示文摘 | VandeVoorde RG Katman TI Ma Q | 2006 | J Am Soc Nephro2006，17，： | 1 |
| 3 | Regulation of root elongation under phosphorus stress involves changes in ethylene responsiven-ess显示文摘 | Ma Z Baskin TI Brown KM | 2003 | Plant Physiology2003，131，： | 1 |
| 4 | Characterization of anorectal pressure and the anorectal inhibitory reflex in healthy preterm and term infants显示文摘 | Benninga MA Omari TI Haslam RR | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 5 | Association of helicobacter pylori infection with gastric carcinoma显示文摘 | Majid MA Faruq TI Hossain AB | 2009 | Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull2009，35，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Taumatic laceration of intracavernosal arteries: The pathophysiology of nonischemic, high- flow, arterial priapism显示文摘 | Witt MA Goldstein I Saenzde TI | 1990 | J Urol1990，143，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Portal vein thrombosis following splenectomy显示文摘 | Hassn AM Al-Falloujl MA Our TI | 2000 | Br J Surg2000，87，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Characterization of anorectal pressure and the anorectal inhibitory reflex in healthy preterm and term infants显示文摘 | Omari TI Haslam RR | 2001 | J Pediatr2001，139，： | 1 |
| 9 | Behavior of Monogenea of the genus Dactylogyrus under extreme temperatures 显示文摘 | Zharikova TI Stepanova MA Mikryakov DV | 2009 | Parazitologiya2009，43，15： | 1 |
| 10 | Incremental prognostic information from kidney function in patients with new onset coronary heart disease 显示文摘 | Hlatky MA Shilane D Chang TI | 2014 | Am Heart J2014，167，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Identification of the sentinel node in patients with breast cancer显示文摘 | Dennis MA Kaske TI | 2000 | Radiol Clin North Am2000，38，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Development of x MAP assay for detection of six protein toxins显示文摘 | Simonova MA Valyakina TI Petrova EE | 2012 | Anal Chem2012，84，15： | 1 |
| 13 | Characterization of anorectal pressure and the anorectal inhibitory reflex in healthy preterm and term infants显示文摘 | Benninga MA Omari TI Haslam RR | 2001 | J Pediatr2001，139，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Verotoxin asa major laboratory for Escherichia coil O157-inducedenterie infec- tion complicated by hemolytic uremic syndrome in infants in the Omsk region显示文摘 | Dolgikh TI Kaftyteva LA Votovich MA | 2010 | Kiln Lab Diagn2010，8，： | 1 |
| 15 | Serum NGAL and cys-tatin C as predictive biomarkers for acute kidney injury 显示文摘 | VandeVoorde RG Katlman TI Ma Q | 2006 | J Am SocNephrol2006，17，： | 1 |
| 16 | Serum NGAL and cystatin C as predictive biomarkers for acute kidney injury 显示文摘 | Vande Voorde RG Katlman TI Ma Q | 2006 | J Am Soc Nephrol2006，17，： | 1 |
| 17 | Let t 1999,143(1)Antimicrobial human beta-defensin-2 stimulates migration,proliferation and t ube for mation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells显示文摘 | Baroni A Don nar um ma G Paolet ti I | 2009 | Peptides2009，30，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Incidental treatment of nipple discharge caused by benign intraductal papilloma through diagnostic Mammotome biopsy显示文摘 | Dennis MA Parker S Kaske TI | 2000 | AJR Am Roentgenol2000，174，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Successful single- lung transplantation after paraquat intoxication显示文摘 | Walder B Br ti ndler MA Spiliopoulos A | 1997 | Transplantation1997，64，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Resolving Subcategories of Triangulated Categories and Relative Homological Dimension显示文摘We introduce and study(pre)resolving subcategories of a triangulated category and the homological dimension relative to these subcategories. We apply the obtained properties to relative Gorenstein categories. | Xin MA Ti Wei ZHAO Zhao Yong HUANG | 2017 | Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series2017，33，11： | 1 |
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