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| 1 | A Review of Seasonal Climate Prediction Research in China显示文摘The ultimate goal of climate research is to produce climate predictions on various time scales. In China, efforts to predict the climate started in the 1930 s. Experimental operational climate forecasts have been performed since the late 1950 s,based on historical analog circulation patterns. However, due to the inherent complexity of climate variability, the forecasts produced at that time were fairly inaccurate. Only from the late 1980 s has seasonal climate prediction experienced substantial progress, when the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere project of the World Climate Research program(WCRP) was launched. This paper, following a brief description of the history of seasonal climate prediction research, provides an overview of these studies in China. Processes and factors associated with the climate variability and predictability are discussed based on the literature published by Chinese scientists. These studies in China mirror aspects of the climate research effort made in other parts of the world over the past several decades, and are particularly associated with monsoon research in East Asia. As the climate warms, climate extremes, their frequency, and intensity are projected to change, with a large possibility that they will increase. Thus, seasonal climate prediction is even more important for China in order to effectively mitigate disasters produced by climate extremes, such as frequent floods, droughts, and the heavy frozen rain events of South China. | WANG Huijun FAN Ke SUN Jianqi LI Shuanglin LIN Zhaohui ZHOU Guangqing CHEN Lijuan LANG Xianmei LI Fang ZHU Yali CHEN Hong ZHENG Fei | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，2： | 20 |
| 2 | Hypocrellin A-based photodynamic action induces apoptosis in A549 cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial signaling pathway显示文摘Over recent decades, many studies have reported that hypocrellin A(HA) can eliminate cancer cells with proper irradiation in several cancer cell lines. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying its anticancer effect has not been fully defined. HA-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were evaluated after photodynamic therapy(PDT). A temporal quantitative proteomics approach by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ) 2 D liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric(LC–MS/MS) was introduced to help clarify molecular cytotoxic mechanisms and identify candidate targets of HA-induced apoptotic cell death. Specific caspaseinhibitors were used to further elucidate the molecular pathway underlying apoptosis in PDT-treated A549 cells. Finally, down-stream apoptosis-related protein was evaluated. Apoptosis induced by HA was associated with cell shrinkage, externalization of cell membrane phosphatidylserine, DNA fragmentation,and mitochondrial disruption, which were preceded by increased intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) generations. Further studies showed that PDT treatment with 0.08 mmol/L HA resulted in mitochondrial disruption, pronounced release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-3,-9, and-7.Together, HA may be a possible therapeutic agent directed toward mitochondria and a promising photodynamic anticancer candidate for further evaluation. | Shanshan Qi Lingyuan Guo Shuzhen Yan Robert J.Lee Shuqin Yu Shuanglin Chen | 2019 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2019，9，2： | 12 |
| 3 | Stress Responses to Rapid Temperature Changes of the Juvenile Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus Selenka)显示文摘Activities of hexokinase(HK),pyruvate kinase(PK),superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) and Hsp70 level were measured to evaluate the response of the commercially important sea cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus Selenka) to rapid temperature changes in laboratory. Animals were subjected to a higher temperature(from 10 to 20℃)(Tinc treatment) or to a lower temperature(from 20 to 10℃)(Tdec treatment) for 72 h. At 1,3,12,24,72 h of exposure,animals were removed and prepared for further analysis. Results showed that the effect of acute temperature changes on enzyme activities was significant. In Tinc treatment,activities of SOD and CAT increased immediately. The significant enhancement of SOD and CAT activities suggested that oxidative stress increases significantly when ambient temperature increasing from 10 to 20℃. The up-regulation of Hsp70 in Tinc and Tdec treatments indicated that Hsp70 was a bioindicator of thermal stress in the sea cucumber,and the expression pattern depended on the thermal treatment. | DONG Yunwei JI Tingting DONG Shuanglin | 2007 | Journal of Ocean University of China2007，6，3： | 12 |
| 4 | The responses of East Asian Summer monsoon to the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in an enhanced freshwater input simulation显示文摘We investigated the response of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) to a weakened Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and its mechanism in an enhanced freshwater input experiment (FW) by using a fully-coupled climate model. The response was a weakened EASM and the mechanisms can be explained as follows. The simulated weakened AMOC resulted in a drop in sea surface temperature (SST) in the North Atlantic (NA) and, correspondingly, an anomalous high sea level pressure (SLP) over the North American regions, which in turn increased the northeast surface winds across the equator in the eastern tropical Pacific (ETP). The anomalous northeast winds then induced further upwelling in the ETP and stronger air/sea heat exchange, therefore leading to an anomalous cooling of the eastern tropical sea surface. As a result, the climatologic Hadley Circulation (HC) was weakened due to an anomalous stronger sinking of air in the ETP north of the equator, whereas the Walker Circulation (WC) in the western tropical Pacific (WTP) north of the equator was strengthened with an eastward-shifted upwelling branch. This feature was in agreement with the anomalous convergent winds in the WTP, and led to a weakened EASM and less East Asian summer precipitation (EASP). Furthermore, comparison with previous freshwater experiments indicates that the strength of EASP could be influenced by the magnitude of the added freshwater. | YU Lei GAO YongQi WANG HuiJun GUO Dong LI ShuangLin | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，24： | 11 |
| 5 | Optimization of Stocking Density for the Sea Cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus Selenka, Under Feed-Supplement and Non-Feed-Supplement Regimes in Pond Culture显示文摘Optimal stocking densities were investigated for the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Selenka under feed-supplement and non-feed-supplement regimes in net enclosures for 333 d. Substantial weight loss occurred during the aestivation phase (AE). Decreased growth rates were also observed during the winter phase (WT). In contrast, sea cucumbers showed rapid growth during the spring (SP) and autumn (AU) phases. Feeding regimes considerably influenced the growth performance, i.e., sea cucumbers grew faster under feed-supplement regime than under non-feed-supplement regime (P < 0.05). The average survival rates of sea cucumbers under feed-supplement regime were higher than those under non-feed-supplement regime for both the autumn phase and spring phase, but the differences were only significant for the latter phase (P < 0.05). The fitted B-N curves showed that the optimal stocking densities, in terms of net production, were 22.3 ind. m-2 for feed-supplement regime and 14.1 ind. m-2 for non-feed-supplement regime. | QIN Chuanxin DONG Shuanglin TAN Fuyi TIAN Xiangli WANG Fang DONG Yunwei GAO Qinfeng | 2009 | Journal of Ocean University of China2009，8，3： | 10 |
| 6 | Lead-Lag Connection of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) with East Asian Surface Air Temperatures in Instrumental Records显示文摘The authors analyzed the lead-lag connection of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) with East Asian surface air temperatures (EATs) using instrumental records, and compared the results with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The maximum correlation was found when EATs led the AMO by five to seven years (with a correlation coefficient of 0.72, whereas the correlation coefficient was 0.91 when the AMO led EATs by 24-28 years). This is different from the PDO, which mostly correlated with EATs when the PDO led EATs by 13-15 years (with a correlation coefficient of 0.67, whereas the correlation coefficient was 0.76 when EATs led the PDO by 24-26 years). The PDO led the AMO by 19-21 years (with a correlation coefficient of 0.71, whereas the correlation coefficient was 0.84 when the AMO led the PDO by 16-18 years). These results support a previous understanding that EATs positively correlate with the AMO, and imply that the observed East Asian warming trend may have been slowing down since the early 2010s. | LI Shuanglin LUO Fei-Fei | 2013 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2013，6，3： | 10 |
| 7 | Seasonal Changes in Food Uptake by the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in a Farm Pond: Evidence from C and N Stable Isotopes显示文摘This study investigated the seasonal changes in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotope values of several typical food sources of Apostichopus japonicus in a farm pond, including particulate organic matter (POM), macroalgae, benthic microalgae and animals such as nematode and copepod. The stable isotope technique was used to quantify relative contributions of various sources to the food uptake by A. japonicus. The results showed that significant changes occurred in the C and N stable isotope values of sea cucumber food sources due to the seasonality of micro-or macroalgae prosperity and the fluctuation of environmental conditions. The sea cucumber A. japonicus exhibited corresponding alterations in feeding strategy in response to the changes in food conditions. Calculation with a stable isotope mixing model showed that macroalgae was the principal food source for A. japonicus throughout the 1-yr investigation, with the relative contribution averaging 28.1% - 63.2%. The relative contributions of other food sources such as copepod and nematode, POM, benthic microalgae to the total food uptake by sea cucumber averaged 22.6% - 39.1%, 6.3% - 22.2%, 2.8% - 6.5%, and 2.8% - 4.2%, respectively. Together these results indicated that the seasonal changes in food sources led to the obvious temporal differences in the relative contribution of various food sources utilized by A. japonicus. Such findings provide the basic scientific information for improving the aquaculture techniques of A. japonicus, particularly for optimizing the food environment of A. japonicus culture in farm ponds. | SUN Zhenlong GAO Qinfeng DONG Shuanglin Paul K. S. Shin WANG Fang | 2013 | Journal of Ocean University of China2013，12，1： | 9 |
| 8 | Projecting the Summer Climate of China's Mainland in the Middle 21st Century: Will the Droughts in North China Persist?显示文摘Since no consensus has been reached in previous studies about how the summer climate in China will evolve in the first half of the 21st century, this issue is addressed here through sensitivity experiments by forcing an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM), the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL)'s Atmospheric Model Version 2.0 (AM2) with projected sea surface temperature (SST) trend. A total of two SST trends from the Intergovernmental Panels on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenario (SRES) A1B are used. The two trends are from two coupled climate system models, the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate System Model Version 3.0 (CCSM3) and the GFDL Climate Model Version 2.0 (CM2), respectively. Results consistently suggest a substantial warming and drying trend over much of China, with a surface air temperature increase of 1.0 2.0 ℃ and a 10% 20% decrease in rainfall. Exceptions are the areas from northwestern China to western North China as well as the southern Tibetan Plateau, which are projected to be wetter with a rainfall anomaly percentage increase of 10% 50%. The drying in eastern North China has not been documented to date but appears to be reasonable. Physically, it is attributed to anomalous northeasterly winds at the rear of a low-level cyclone over the South China Sea, the Philippines and the subtropical western North Pacific. These conditions, which govern the climate of eastern China, are forced by the northward shift of convection over warm waters due to additional warming. | LI Shuanglin | 2008 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2008，1，1： | 8 |
| 9 | Allelopathic growth inhibition of Heterosigma akashiwo by the three Ulva spcieces(Ulva Pertusa,Ulva Linza,Enteromorpha intestinalis) under laboratory conditions显示文摘Allelopathic effects of several concentrations of fresh tissue,dry powder and dry tissue of three bloom-forming green macroalgae Ulva pertusa,Ulva linza and Enteromopha intestinalis on the red tide microalga Heterosigma akashiwo were evaluated in microcosms systems.The effects of macroalgae culture medium filtrate were investigated on H.akashiwo using initial or semi-continuous filtrate addition.Preliminary studies on the algicidal effects of one aqueous and four organic solvent extracts from the macroalgae on the microalga were carried out to confirm the existence of allelochemicals in the tissue of these macroalgae.The dry powder of U.pertusa was extracted with methanol,and the methanol extracts were partitioned to petroleum ether phase,ethyl acetate phase,butanol phase and distilled phase by liquid-liquid fractionation.The bioassays of the activity of every fraction were carried out on H.akashiwo.The resultant microcosms assay showed that the growth of H.akashiwo was strongly inhibited by using fresh tissues,dry powder or dry tissue of these three macroalgae,while aqueous and methanol extracts of both macroalgae had strong inhibitory effects on the growth of H.akashiwo,and the EC 50 values for methanol extract of U.pertusa,U.linza or E.intestinalis were 0.016,0.028×10-12 or 0.033×10-12,respectively.While the other three organic solvent extracts(acetone,ether and chloroform) had no apparent effect on its growth,this suggests that the allelochemicals from these three macroalgae had relatively high polarities.The activity of petroleum ether phase,ethyl acetate phase,butanol phase and distilled phase of U.pertusa methanol extract was carried out on H.akashiwo indicating that petroleum ether phase and ethyl acetate phase had stronger algicidal effect on H.akashiwo.The inhibition effect of the ethyl acetate phase was not as strong as that of petroleum ether phase,and effective concentration of petroleum ether phase was 17 mg/L for H.akashiwo.However,no significant algicidal effects were observed on the butanol phase and distilled water phase.These three macroalgae's culture medium filtrate exhibited no apparent growth inhibitory effect on the microalga under initial filtrate addition whereas the growth of H.akashiwo was significantly inhibited under semi-continuous filtrate addition,which suggests that continuous release of small quantities of rapidly degradable allelochemicals from the fresh tissue of both macroalgae was effective in inhibiting the growth of H.akashiwo. | WANG Renjun FENG Lei TANG Xuexi WANG Jinhe DONG Shuanglin | 2012 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2012，31，3： | 7 |
| 10 | Application of ventilation simulation to spontaneous combustion control in underground coal mine:A case study from Bulianta colliery显示文摘Spontaneous combustion of residual coal in longwall goaf is a long standing hazard. Airflow leakage into goaf is a major driver to the hazard and this issue deteriorates where longwalls are operating in multiple seams and shallow covers because mining-induced cracks are very likely to draw fresh airflow into goaf due to presence of pressure differential between longwall face and surface. To study the problem more critically, a ventilation simulation package ‘‘Ventsim' is used to conduct a case study from Bulianta colliery. It was found that isolating and pressurizing active longwall panel can mitigate the problem and the pressure differential can be adjusted by varying performance of auxiliary fan and resistance of ventilation regulator. A booster ventilation system can also mitigate the problem by adjusting fan duties. Ventilation simulation is a powerful tool to study spontaneous combustion control in underground coal mine. | Liang Yuntao Zhang Jian Ren Ting Wang Zhongwei Song Shuanglin | 2018 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2018，28，2： | 7 |
| 11 | The influence of tropical Indian Ocean warming on the Southern Hemispheric stratospheric polar vortex显示文摘During the past decades, concurrent with global warming, most of global oceans, particularly the tropical Indian Ocean, have become warmer. Meanwhile, the Southern Hemispheric stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) exhibits a deepening trend. Although previous modeling studies reveal that radiative cooling effect of ozone depletion plays a dominant role in causing the deepening of SPV, the simulated ozone-depletion-induced SPV deepening is stronger than the observed. This suggests that there must be other factors canceling a fraction of the influence of the ozone depletion. Whether the tropical Indian Ocean warming (IOW) is such a factor is unclear. This issue is addressed by conducting ensemble atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) experiments. And one idealized IOW with the amplitude as the observed is prescribed to force four AGCMs. The results show that the IOW tends to warm the southern polar stratosphere, and thus weakens SPV in austral spring to summer. Hence, it offsets a fraction of the effect of the ozone depletion. This implies that global warming will favor ozone recovery, since a warmer southern polar stratosphere is un-beneficial for the formation of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs), which is a key factor to ozone depletion chemical reactions. | LI ShuangLin Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，3： | 7 |
| 12 | Asymmetric Relationship between the Meridional Displacement of the Asian Westerly Jet and the Silk Road Pattern显示文摘In previous work, a significant relationship was identified between the meridional displacement of the Asian westerly jet(JMD) and the Silk Road Pattern(SRP) in summer. The present study reveals that this relationship is robust in northward JMD years but absent in southward JMD years. In other words, the amplitude of the SRP increases with northward displacement of the jet but shows little change with southward displacement. Further analysis indicates that, in northward JMD years, the Rossby wave source(RWS) anomalies, which are primarily contributed by the planetary vortex stretching, are significantly stronger around the entrance of the Asian jet, i.e., the Mediterranean Sea–Caspian Sea area, with the spatial distribution being consistent with that related to the SRP. By contrast, in southward JMD years, the RWS anomalies are much weaker.Therefore, this study suggests that the RWS plays a crucial role in inducing the asymmetry of the JMD–SRP relationship.The results imply that climate anomalies may be stronger in strongly northward-displaced JMD years due to the concurrence of the JMD and SRP, and thus more attention should be paid to these years. | Xiaowei HONG Riyu LU Shuanglin LI | 2018 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2018，35，4： | 6 |
| 13 | Recent advances in the role of toll-like receptors and TLR agonists in immunotherapy for human glioma显示文摘Gliomas 是有很差的预后的极其好攻击的大脑肿瘤。为人的 gliomas 的处理的更有希望的策略之一是对肿瘤唯一的抗原被利用产生疫苗的指向的免疫疗法。然而,途径由由创造一个免疫者的那人的 gliomas 逃跑免疫者监视压制了微型环境的事实是复杂的。为了反对 glioma,强加了作为辅助涉及成熟,扩大,和移植在集中的临床的调查下面的有免疫力的房间的有免疫力的抑制,分子和小径治疗。像使用费的受体(TLR ) 调停因此,许多在有免疫力的房间类型,和 TLR 收缩筋的这些功能当前是在许多癌症要用作重要助手的主要候选人分子。在为 glioma 的动物模型, TLR 收缩筋由便于抗原表示并且刺激天生、适应的免疫展出了 antitumor 性质。在临床的试用,几 TLR 收缩筋完成了幸存利益,并且许多更多的试用正在招募或进行中。然而,复杂化因素的一秒是 TLR 也在他们能在包括细胞生长,增长,侵略,移植,和甚至干细胞维护支持活动的许多肿瘤相反参与的癌症细胞上被表示。因此, TLR 收缩筋能可能在肿瘤生物学起双作用。这里, TLR 和 TLR 收缩筋怎么在 glioma 生物学并且在 anti-glioma 治疗工作,被总结以为免疫疗法提供与免疫系统和含意的 glioma 的复杂关系的一幅当前的图画。 | Shuanglin Deng Shan Zhu Yuan Qiao Yong-Jun Liu Wei Chen Gang Zhao Jingtao Chen | 2014 | Protein & Cell2014，5，12： | 6 |
| 14 | A Comparison of the Effects of Interannual Arctic Sea Ice Loss and ENSO on Winter Haze Days: Observational Analyses and AGCM Simulations显示文摘This study compares the impacts of interannual Arctic sea ice loss and ENSO events on winter haze days in China's Mainland through observational analyses and AGCM sensitivity experiments. The results suggest that(1) Arctic sea ice loss favors an increase in haze days in central–eastern China;(2) the impact of ENSO is overall contained within southern China, with increased(reduced) haze days during La Ni?a(El Ni?o) winters; and(3) the impacts from sea ice loss and ENSO are linearly additive. Mechanistically, Arctic sea ice loss causes quasi-barotropic positive height anomalies over the region from northern Europe to the Ural Mountains(Urals in brief) and weak and negative height anomalies over the region from central Asia to northeastern Asia. The former favors intensified frequency of the blocking over the regions from northern Europe to the Urals, whereas the latter favors an even air pressure distribution over Siberia, Mongolia, and East Asia. This large-scale circulation pattern favors more frequent occurrence of calm and steady weather in northern China and, as a consequence, increased occurrence of haze days. In comparison,La Ni?a(El Ni?o) exerts its influence along a tropical pathway by inducing a cyclonic(anticyclonic) lower-tropospheric atmospheric circulation response over the subtropical northwestern Pacific. The northeasterly(southwesterly)anomaly at the northwestern rear of the cyclone(anticyclone) causes reduced(intensified) rainfall over southeastern China, which favors increased(reduced) occurrence of haze days through the rain-washing effect. | Shuanglin LI Zhe HAN Huopo CHEN | 2017 | Journal of Meteorological Research2017，31，5： | 6 |
| 15 | A New Approach for Classifying Two Types of El Nio Events显示文摘In recent decades, the typical El Nio events with the warmest SSTs in the tropical eastern Pacific have become less common, and a different of El Nio with the warmest SSTs in the central Pacific, which is flanked on the east and west by cooler SSTs, has become more fre-quent. The more recent type of El Nio was referred to as central Pacific El Nio, warm pool El Nio, or dateline El Nio, or the El Nio Modoki. Central Pacific El Nio links to a different tropical-to-extratropical teleconnection and exerts different impacts on climate, and several classification approaches have been proposed. In this study, a new classification approach is proposed, which is based on the linear combination (sum or difference) of the two leading Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOFs) of tropical Pacific Ocean sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA), and the typical El Ni o index (TENI) and the central El Nio index (CENI) are able to be derived by projecting the observed SSTA onto these combinations. This classification not only reflects the characteristics of non-orthogonality between the two types of events but also yields one period peaking at approximate two to seven years. In particular, this classification can distin-guish the different impacts of the two types of events on rainfall in the following summer in East China. The typical El Nio events tend to induce intensified rainfall in the Yangtze River valley, whereas the central Pacific El Nio tends to induce intensified rainfall in the Huaihe River valley. Thus, the present approach may be appropriate for studying the impact of different types of El Nio on the East Asian climate. | LI Shuanglin WANG Qin | 2012 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2012，5，5： | 5 |
| 16 | Individual Variation in Growth in Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus(Selenck) Housed Individually显示文摘The exceptionally large individual growth variation has been previously recognized in several sea cucumber cohorts.However,there is a lack of information regarding the mechanism of such individual differences.In this study,the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus(Selenka) was reared individually in order to eliminate possible effects of social interaction,stocking density,etc.The results showed that there were substantial differences in growth among the sea cucumber individuals during the 100-day experiment.The special growth rate of the sea cucumber individuals differed by up to three folds(from 0.40% to 1.01%),and the coefficient of variation in body weight increased from 12.04% to 40.51%.The final wet body weight,food intake and food conversion efficiency for each sea cucumber were generally positively correlated with their initial wet body weight(P<0.05).Energy budget of the animals showed that the food energy spent on respiration was much greater(about four folds) but energy deposited for growth was much less for(initially) smaller than for larger A.japonicus.The present result implies that there are obvious genetic differences among the sea cucumber individuals,largely accounting for the individual growth variation of the cohort sea cucumber.These results will provide some basic data for promoting selective breeding and farming of the sea cucumber. | LIANG Miao DONG Shuanglin GAO Qinfeng WANG Fang TIAN Xiangli | 2010 | Journal of Ocean University of China2010，9，3： | 5 |
| 17 | The Influence of Regional SSTs on the Interdecadal Shift of the East Asian Summer Monsoon显示文摘自从 1970 年代末,东亚经历了重要 interdecadal 气候移动。这移动被全球 SST 的一个十的变化伴随。以前的研究建议了全球 SST 背景地位的十的移动在如此的气候的移动起了一个实质的作用。然而,不同地区性的 SST 的单个角色仍然保持不清楚。在这研究,我们用一个大气的一般发行量模型,的整体实验调查了这些角色 GFDL (地球物理的液体动力学实验室) AM2。二种整体被执行。第一是模型与观察 climatological SST 在被驾驶的一个控制整体。第二是模型在分开的海洋区域与观察 climatological SST 正 interdecadal SST 背景移动在被驾驶的一个试验性的整体。结果建议在热带的 SST 移动在 extratropics 比那些施加了更重要的影响,尽管后者平常地贡献移动。夏天 monsoonal 发行量系统的变化包括南方亚洲人高度,向西和平的副热带的高度,和降低水平的空气流动,被分析。结果证明与热带以外的 SST 导致的那些比较,热带 SST 导致的移动忍受更多的类似到观察并且到模拟,全球 SST 规定了。特别地,在热带太平洋的观察 SST 移动,而非印度洋,自从 1970 年代,显著地作出贡献到东方亚洲夏天季风的移动。 | FU Jianjian LI Shuanglin | 2013 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2013，30，2： | 5 |
| 18 | Growth, Metabolism and Physiological Response of the Sea Cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus Selenka During Periods of Inactivity显示文摘The growth, metabolism and physiological response of the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, were investigated during periods of inactivity. The body weight, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), activities of acidic phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and content of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) in the body wall and coelomic fluid of A. japonicus were measured during starvation, experimental aestivation and aestivation. The results showed that the body weight of sea cucumber in the three treatments decreased significantly during the experimental period (P < 0.05). The OCR of sea cucumber reduced in starvation and experimental aestivation treatments, but increased gradually in natural aestivation treatment. The activities of ACP and AKP of sea cucumber decreased gradually in all treatments, whereas those of SOD and CAT as well as Hsp70 content decreased in the starvation and experimental aestivation treatments and increased in natural aestivation treatment. The sea cucumber entered a state of aestivation at 24℃. To some extent, the animals in experimental aestivation were different from those in natural aestivation in metabolism and physiological response. These findings suggested that the aestivation mechanism of A. japonicus is complex and may not be attributed to the elevated temperature only. | DU Rongbin ZANG Yuanqi TIAN Xiangli DONG Shuanglin | 2013 | Journal of Ocean University of China2013，12，1： | 5 |
| 19 | The warmest year 2015 in the instrumental record and its comparison with year 1998显示文摘本文利用CRU、NASA和NOAA的近地面气温异常(SATA)数据,对比分析了2015年和1998年的温度异常分布特征,证实了2015年是有观测记录以来温度最暖的一年,并进一步利用EEMD方法探讨了不同时间尺度对2015年温度异常的贡献以及其温度最暖的形成原因。结果表明,年代际及其以上的时间尺度和长期增暖趋势对2015年年平均SATA贡献为0.64°C,远远大于与ENSO信号相关的年际时间尺度的贡献(为0.1°C),说明长时间尺度和全球长期变暖趋势对2015年温度异常的形成有重要贡献。 | ZHANG Chao LI Shuanglin WAN Jiang-Hua | 2016 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2016，9，6： | 5 |
| 20 | Performance of the Wind Farm Parameterization Scheme Coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model under Multiple Resolution Regimes for Simulating an Onshore Wind Farm显示文摘We use the Wind Farm Parameterization(WFP) scheme coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting model under multiple resolution regimes to simulate turbulent wake dynamics generated by a real onshore wind farm and their influence at the local meteorological scale. The model outputs are compared with earlier modeling and observation studies. It is found that higher vertical and horizontal resolutions have great impacts on the simulated wake flow dynamics. The corresponding wind speed deficit and turbulent kinetic energy results match well with previous studies. In addition, the effect of horizontal resolution on near-surface meteorology is significantly higher than that of vertical resolution. The wake flow field extends from the start of the wind farm to downstream within 10 km, where the wind speed deficit may exceed 4%. For a height of 150 m or at a distance of about 25 km downstream, the wind speed deficit is around 2%. This indicates that, at a distance of more than 25 km downstream, the impact of the wind turbines can be ignored. Analysis of near-surface meteorology indicates a night and early morning warming near the surface, and increase in near-surface water vapor mixing ratio with decreasing surface sensible and latent heat fluxes. During daytime, a slight cooling near the surface and decrease in the near-surface water vapor mixing ratio with increasing surface sensible and latent heat fluxes is noticed over the wind farm area. | Rajabu J.MANGARA Zhenhai GUO Shuanglin LI | 2019 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2019，36，2： | 5 |
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