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| 1 | 电动牙刷与手动牙刷对口腔卫生的效果比较显示文摘目的对电动牙刷和手动牙刷在去除菌斑、维护牙龈健康、对色素和牙结石的作用、可靠性、不良作用和成本等进行比较.方法计算机检索Cochrane口腔健康协作组临床试验资料库(截至2004年6月17日)、Cochran临床对照试验中心资料库(Cochrane图书馆2004第2期)、MEDLINE(1966~2004)、EMBASE(1980~2004第2周)和CINAHL(1982~2004第2周),并与制造商联系以获取更多资料.根据下列标准纳入随机对照试验:随机分配研究对象;参加者为手运动无障碍的普通人群;干预措施为无监督的手动或电动牙刷刷牙,至少4周;主要结局指标为试验期间菌斑和牙龈炎的变化.由6个作者独立评价并纳入研究资料.用随机效应模型进行Meta分析,用标准化均数差(SMD)及其95%CI测量效果.检查可能的异质性来源,并针对研究质量和发表偏倚进行敏感性分析.为便于讨论,将SMD转换为百分率.结果对包含3 855例研究对象的42个试验进行系统评价,结果显示,旋转振动型电动牙刷去除菌斑和减低牙龈炎的效果在短期内明显优于手动牙刷,并在3个月以上的研究中显示降低了牙龈炎指数.在1~3个月的研究中,菌斑SMD为-0.43 [95%CI (-0.72, 0.14)],牙龈炎SMD为-0.62 [95%CI (-0.90, 0.34)],Quigley Hein菌斑指数降低11%,Loe and Silness龈炎指数降低6%.在3个月以上的研究中,菌斑指数SMD为-1.29 [95%CI (-2.67, 0.08)], 龈炎指数为-0.51 [95%CI (-1.76, 0.25)],Ainamo Bay探诊出血指数降低17%.短期研究之间有异质性,敏感性分析显示当选择高质量的研究时结果是肯定的,没有证据表明有发表偏倚.采取其他设计的电动牙刷并不比手动牙刷更优.对成本、可靠性和不良作用的报道不一致,已报道的不良作用都是局限的、暂时的.结论旋转振动型电动牙刷去除牙菌斑、减少牙龈炎的效果优于手动牙刷.遵守方法学指南和更标准化的设计有益于将来的研究和Meta分析. | Robinson PG Deacon SA Deery C Heanue M Walmsley AD Worthington HV Glenny AM Shaw WC 陈娥 史宗道 | 2005 | 中国循证医学杂志2005，5，11： | 8 |
| 2 | Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013显示文摘 | Marie Ng Tom Fleming Margaret Robinson Blake Thomson Nicholas Graetz Christopher Margono Erin C Mullany Stan Biryukov Cristiana Abbafati Semaw Ferede Abera Jerry P Abraham Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh Tom Achoki Fadia S AlBuhairan Zewdie A Alemu Rafael Alfonso | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，： | 7 |
| 3 | Recurrent ectopic pancreatitis of the jejunum and mesentery over a 30-year period显示文摘BACKGROUND:Ectopic pancreas is defined as pancreatic tissue found outside its usual anatomical position,with no ductal or vascular communication with the native pancreas. We describe a case of ectopic pancreas of the small bowel and mesentery causing recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, initially suspected on computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP),and confirmed on histological review of the resection. METHODS:A 67-year-old woman presented with clinical symptoms and biochemical evidence of pancreatitis.She had similar episodes over the past 30 years with unrevealing investigations,and was concluded to have idiopathic pancreatitis. She underwent CT and MRCP,with findings suggestive of ectopic pancreas,a diagnosis confirmed on histology of the resection. RESULTS:MRCP identified a mass in the proximal small bowel mesentery isointense to the native pancreas,with a small duct draining into a proximal jejunal loop.The resected specimen consisted of normal parenchyma with lobulated acinar tissue with scattered islets of Langerhans,an occasional ductular structure,and admixed areas of adipose tissue.The patient remained asymptomatic with normal biochemistry six months post-operatively. CONCLUSION:In an individual with abdominal pain,elevated serum amylase/lipase,but imaging findings of a normal native pancreas,ectopic pancreatitis should be considered,and can be evaluated by CT and MRCP. | John CT Wong Charlotte Robinson Edward C Jones Alison Harris Charles Zwirewich Robert Wakefield Richard K Simons Eric M Yoshida | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，2： | 4 |
| 4 | Defining the concept of supply chain quality management and its relevance to academic and industrial practice显示文摘 | Robinson C J Malhotra M K | 2005 | International Journal of Production Economies2005，96，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Enzyme-replacement therapy with agalsidase alfa inchildren with Fabry disease显示文摘 | Ries M Clarke JT Whybra C Timmons M Robinson C Schlaggal BL | 2006 | Pediatrics2006，118，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Analytical formulation for the shielding effectiveness of enclosures with apertures显示文摘 | Robinson M P Benson T M Christopoulos C | 1998 | IEEE Trans on Electromagn Compat1998，40，3： | 1 |
| 7 | A temporal link between the Emeishan large igneous province (SW China) and the end-Guagalupian mass extinction 显示文摘 | Zhou M F Malpas J Song X Y Robinson P T Sun M Kennedy A K Lesher C M Keays R R | 2002 | Earth arut Planetary Science Letters2002，196，： | 1 |
| 8 | Develo- ping suitable colour in the gonads of cultured green sea urchins ( Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) 显示文摘 | Robinson S M C Castell J D Kennedy E J | 2002 | Aq- uaculture2002，206，： | 1 |
| 9 | DNA methylation changes in whole blood is associated with exposure to the environmental contaralna nts, mercury, lead, cadmium and bisphenol A, in women undergoing ovarian stimulation for IVF 显示文摘 | Hanna C W Bloom M S Robinson W P | 2012 | Human Reproduction2012，27，： | 1 |
| 10 | The use of catalytic hydrogenation to intercept carbohydrates in a dilute acid hydrolysis of biomass to effect a clean separation from lignin显示文摘 | Robinson J M Burgess C E Bently M A | 2004 | Biomass and Bioenergy2004，26，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Concepts of plant biotic stress: Some insights into the stress physiology of virus-infected plant from the perspective of photosynthesis 显示文摘 | Balachandran S Hurry V M Kelley S E Osmond C B Robinson S A Rohozinski J Seaton G G R Sims D A | 1997 | Physiologia Plantarum1997，100，： | 1 |
| 12 | Nucleotide sequence of potato leafroll luteovirus RNA显示文摘 | Mayo M A Robinson D J Tolly C A | 1989 | J Gen Virol1989，70，： | 1 |
| 13 | Nucleotide of potato leafrolll Luteovirus RNA 显示文摘 | Mayo M A Robinson D J Jolly C A | 1990 | Gen Virol1990，70，： | 1 |
| 14 | Analytical formulation for the shielding effectiveness of enclosures with apertures显示文摘 | Robinson M P Benson T M Christopoulos C | 1998 | IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility1998，40，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Relativistically correct hole-boring and ion acceleration by circularly polarized laser pulses显示文摘 | A P L Robinson P Gibbon M Zepf S Kar R G Evans C Bellei | 2009 | Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion2009，，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Effect of urchin size and diet on gonad yield and quality in the green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis ) 显示文摘 | Pearce C M Daggett T L Robinson S M C | 2004 | Aquaculture2004，233，33： | 1 |
| 17 | Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis显示文摘 | HAN C ROBINSON D W HACKETT M V | 2006 | J Rheumatol2006，33，11： | 1 |
| 18 | Prospective randomized controlled trial of an inframedullarynail versus dynamic screw and plate for intertrochanterie frac-ture of femur显示文摘 | ADAMS C L ROBINSON C M COURT-BROWN C M etal | 2001 | Orthop Trauma2001，15，6： | 1 |
| 19 | A ferric-chelate reductase for iron uptake from soils 显示文摘 | Robinson N J Procter C M Connolly E L | 1999 | Nature1999，397，： | 1 |
| 20 | Vegetative Filter Strip Effects on Sediment Conservation in Cropland Runoff显示文摘 | Robinson C A Ghaffarzadeh M Cruse R M | 1996 | Journal of Soil and Water Conservation1996，51，3： | 1 |
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