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| 1 | Dysfunctional stem and progenitor cells impair fracture healing with age显示文摘Successful fracture healing requires the simultaneous regeneration of both the bone and vasculature;mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are directed to replace the bone tissue, while endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) form the new vasculature that supplies blood to the fracture site. In the elderly, the healing process is slowed, partly due to decreased regenerative function of these stem and progenitor cells. MSCs from older individuals are impaired with regard to cell number, proliferative capacity, ability to migrate, and osteochondrogenic differentiation potential. The proliferation, migration and function of EPCs are also compromised with advanced age. Although the reasons for cellular dysfunction with age are complex and multidimensional, reduced expression of growth factors, accumulation of oxidative damage from reactive oxygen species, and altered signaling of the Sirtuin-1 pathway are contributing factors to aging at the cellular level of both MSCs and EPCs. Because of these geriatric-specific issues, effective treatment for fracture repair may require new therapeutic techniques to restore cellular function. Some suggested directions for potential treatments include cellular therapies, pharmacological agents, treatments targeting age-related molecular mechanisms, and physical therapeutics. Advanced age is the primary risk factor for a fracture, due to the low bone mass and inferior bone quality associated with aging;a better understanding of the dysfunctional behavior of the aging cell will provide a foundation for new treatments to decrease healing time and reduce the development of complications during the extended recovery from fracture healing in the elderly. | Diane R Wagner Sonali Karnik Zachary J Gunderson Jeffery J Nielsen Alanna Fennimore Hunter J Promer Jonathan W Lowery M Terry Loghmani Philip S Low Todd O McKinley Melissa A Kacena Matthias Clauss Jiliang Li | 2019 | World Journal of Stem Cells2019，11，6： | 3 |
| 2 | Appropriateness of systemic treatments in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors显示文摘AIM:To evaluate systemic treatment choices in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)and provide consensus treatment recommendations.METHODS:Systemic treatment options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors have expanded in recent years to include somatostatin analogs,angiogenesis inhibitors,inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycinand cytotoxic agents.At this time,there is little data to guide treatment selection and sequence.We therefore assembled a panel of expert physicians to evaluate systemic treatment choices and provide consensus treatment recommendations.Treatment appropriateness ratings were collected using the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi process.After studying the literature,a multidisciplinary panel of 10 physicians assessed the appropriateness of various medical treatment scenarios on a 1-9 scale.Ratings were done both before and after an extended discussion of the evidence.Quantitative measurements of agreement were made and consensus statements developed from the second round ratings.RESULTS:Specialties represented were medical and surgical oncology,interventional radiology,and gastroenterology.Panelists had practiced for a mean of15.5 years(range:6-33).Among 202 rated scenarios,disagreement decreased from 13.2%(26 scenarios)before the face-to-face discussion of evidence to 1%(2)after.In the final ratings,46.5%(94 scenarios)were rated inappropriate,21.8%(44)were uncertain,and30.7%(62)were appropriate.Consensus statements from the scenarios included:(1)it is appropriate to use somatostatin analogs as first line therapy in patients with hormonally functional tumors and may be appropriate in patients who are asymptomatic;(2)it is appropriate to use everolimus,sunitinib,or cytotoxic chemotherapy therapy as first line therapy in patients with symptomatic or progressive tumors;and(3)beyond first line,these same agents can be used.In patients with uncontrolled secretory symptoms,octreotide LAR doses can be titrated up to 60 mg every4 wk or up to 40 mg every 3 or 4 wk.CONCLUSION:Using the Delphi process allowed physician experts to systematically obtain a consensus on the appropriateness of a variety of medical therapies in patients with PNETs. | Jonathan R Strosberg George A Fisher Al B Benson Lowell B Anthony Bulent Arslan John F Gibbs Edward Greeno Renuka V Iyer Michelle K Kim William J Maples Philip A Philip Edward M Wolin Dasha Cherepanov Michael S Broder | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 2 |
| 3 | Optoelectronic properties and Seebeck coefficient in SnSe thin films显示文摘SnSe thin films of thickness 180 nm have been deposited on glass substrates by reactive evaporation at an optimized substrate temperature of 523 ± 5 K and pressure of 10^(-5) mbar.The as-prepared SnSe thin films are characterized for their structural,optical and electrical properties by various experimental techniques.The p-type conductivity,near-optimum direct band gap,high absorption coefficient and good photosensitivity of the SnSe thin film indicate its suitability for photovoltaic applications.The optical constants,loss factor,quality factor and optical conductivity of the films are evaluated.The results of Hall and thermoelectric power measurements are correlated to determine the density of states,Fermi energy and effective mass of carriers and are obtained as 2.8×10^(17)cm^(-3),0.03 eV and 0.05m_0 respectively.The high Seebeck coefficient ≈ 7863 μV/K,reasonably good power factor ≈7.2×10^(-4) W/(m·K^2) and thermoelectric figure of merit ≈1.2 observed at 42 K suggests that,on further work,the prepared SnSe thin films can also be considered as a possible candidate for cryogenic thermoelectric applications. | K S Urmila T A Namitha J Rajani R R Philip B Pradeep | 2016 | Journal of Semiconductors2016，37，9： | 2 |
| 4 | Lenalidomide plus high-dose dexamethasone versus lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone as initial therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: an open-label randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | S Vincent Rajkumar Susanna Jacobus Natalie S Callander Rafael Fonseca David H Vesole Michael E Williams Rafat Abonour David S Siegel Michael Katz Philip R Greipp | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，1： | 2 |
| 5 | The effect of hydrogen peroxide on a CST under cesium ion exchange conditions显示文摘 | KIN S H PHILIP M ANTHONY R G | 2003 | Separation Science and Technology2003，38，1213： | 1 |
| 6 | Effects of ascorbic acid on proliferation of and collagen synthesis in relation to the donor age of human topical fibroblasts显示文摘 | Philips C L Combs S B Pinnel S R | 1994 | Journal of Investigative Dermatology1994，103，： | 1 |
| 7 | Voriconazole - Associated Phototoxicity 显示文摘 | Ryan R Riahi B S Philip R Cohen M D | 2011 | Dermatology Online Journal2011，17，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Paediatric and adult colonic manometry: A tool to help unravel the pathophysiology of constipation显示文摘Colonic motility subserves large bowel functions, including absorption, storage, propulsion and defaecation. Co-lonic motor dysfunction remains the leading hypothesis to explain symptom generation in chronic constipation, a heterogeneous condition which is extremely prevalent in the general population, and has huge socioeconomic impact and individual suffering. Physiological testing plays a crucial role in patient management, as it is now accepted that symptom-based assessment, although im-portant, is unsatisfactory as the sole means of directing therapy. Colonic manometry provides a direct method for studying motor activities of the large bowel, and this review provides a contemporary understanding of how this technique has enhanced our knowledge of normalcolonic motor physiology, as well as helping to elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms underlying constipation. Methodological approaches, including available catheter types, placement technique and recording protocols, are covered, along with a detailed description of re-corded colonic motor activities. This review also criti-cally examines the role of colonic manometry in current clinical practice, and how manometric assessment may aid diagnosis, classification and guide therapeutic inter-vention in the constipated individual. Most importantly, this review considers both adult and paediatric patients. Limitations of the procedure and a look to the future are also addressed. | Philip G Dinning Marc A Benninga Bridget R Southwell S Mark Scott | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，41： | 1 |
| 9 | Protection of mice against lethal viral infection by synthetic peptides corresponding to B-and T-cell recognibon sites of immuenza A hemagglutinin显示文摘 | Jana S R Zhong Yun Philip R | 1995 | Vaccine1995，13，： | 1 |
| 10 | Topical phenylephrine increases anal canal resting pressure in patients with fecal incontinence 显示文摘 | CHEETHAM M J KAMM M A PHILIPS R K S | 2001 | Gut2001，48，： | 1 |
| 11 | Accurate analytical method for the extraction of solar cell model parameters显示文摘 | Phang J C J Chan D S H Philips J R | 1984 | Electronics Letters1984，20，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Activated Kras, but not Hras or Nras, may initiate tumors of endodermal origin via stem cell expansion显示文摘 | Nlan M P Quatela S E Philips M R | 2008 | Mol Cell Biol2008，28，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Isolation of a pathogenic strain of Vibrio alginolyticus from necrotic larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) 显示文摘 | Jayaprakash N S Pal S S Philip R | 2006 | Journal of Fish Diseases2006，29，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Physical properties of directly expanded extrudates formulated from partially defatted peanut flour and different types of starch显示文摘 | Suknard K Philips R D Chinnan M S | 1997 | Food Res Int1997，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Structural an lithological controls on coastline profiles in Fife, Eastern Britain显示文摘 | PHILIP S R 1994 | 1994 | Terra Research1994，6，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Structural an lithological controls on coastline profiles in Fife, Eastern Britain 显示文摘 | Philip S R | 1994 | Terra Research1994，6，3： | 1 |
| 17 | The application of computational fluid dynamics in the food industry 显示文摘 | GORDON S PHILIP R | 1997 | Trends Food Sci Tech1997，，8： | 1 |
| 18 | Isolation of a pathogenic strain of Vibrio alginolyticus from necrotic larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii显示文摘 | Jayaprakash N S Pai S S Philip R | 2006 | J Fish Dis2006，29，3： | 1 |
| 19 | The economic impact of opioids on postoperative pain management 显示文摘 | PHILIP B K REESE P R BURCH S P | 2002 | J Clin Anaesth2002，14，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Ostcopontin :its role in regulation of cell motility and nuclear factor kappa B-mediated urokinase type plasminogen activator expression 显示文摘 | Das R Philip S Mahabeleshwar GH | 2005 | IUBMB Life2005，57，6： | 1 |
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