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| 1 | Serum complement C4a and its relation to liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis C显示文摘AIM:To evaluate serum complement C4a and its relation to liver fibrosis in children with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection.METHODS:The study included 30 children with chronic HCV infection before receiving antiviral therapy.Chronic HCV infection was defined by positive anti-HCV,a positive polymerase chain reaction for HCV-RNA for more than 6 mo with absence of any associated liver disease.A second group of 30 age-and sex-matched healthy children served as controls.Serum C4a levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Liver fibrosis stage and inflammatory grade were assessed using Ishak scoring system.Serum C4a levels were compared according to different clinical,laboratory and histopathological parameters.Statistical significance for quantitative data was tested by MannWhitney U non-parametric tests.For qualitative data,significance between groups was tested by 2test.Correlation was tested by Spearman’s test.Results were considered significant if P value≤0.05.RESULTS:The age of the patients ranged from 3.5to 18 years and that of controls ranged from 4 to 17years.C4a mean levels were merely lower in patients(153.67±18.69 mg/L)than that in the controls(157.25±11.40 mg/L)with no statistical significance(P=0.378).It did not differ significantly in patients with elevated vs those with normal transaminases(152.25±16.62 vs 155.36±21.33;P=0.868)or with different HCV viremia(P=0.561).Furthermore,there was no statistical significant difference in serum levels between those with no/mild fibrosis and those with moderate fibrosis(154.65±20.59 vs 152.97±17.72;P=0.786)or minimal and mild activity(155.1±21.93 vs 152.99±17.43;P=0.809).Though statistically not significant,C4a was highest in fibrosis score 0(F0),decreasing in F1 and F2 to be the lowest in F3.When comparing significant fibrosis(Ishak score≥3)vs other stages,C4a was significantly lower in F3 compared to other fibrosis scores(143.55±2.33 mg/L vs 155.26±19.64 mg/L;P=0.047)and at a cutoff value of less than 144.01 mg/L,C4a could discriminate F3 with 76.9%sensitivity and75%specificity from other stages of fibrosis.CONCLUSION:Serum complement C4a did not correlate with any of transaminases,HCV viremia or with the histopathological scores.Although C4a decreased with higher stages of fibrosis,this change was not significant enough to predict individual stages of fibrosis.Yet,it could predict significant fibrosis with acceptable clinical performance. | Behairy E Behairy Ghada M El-Mashad Ragab S Abd-Elghany Enas M Ghoneim Mostafa M Sira | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，8： | 4 |
| 2 | Occult hepatitis B virus infection among Egyptian blood donors显示文摘AIM:To identify blood donors with occult hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection(OBI) to promote safe blood donation.METHODS:Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 3167 blood donors negative for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis C antibody(HCV Ab) and human immunodeficiency virus Ab.They were subjected to the detection of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate transaminase(AST) and screening for anti-HBV core antibodies(total) by two different techniques;[Monoliza antibodies to hepatitis B core(Anti-HBc) Plus-Bio-Rad] and(ARC-HBc total-ABBOT).Positive samples were subjected to quantitative detection of antibodies to hepatitis B surface(anti-HBs)(ETI-AB-AUK-3,Dia Sorin-Italy).Serum anti-HBs titers > 10 IU/L was considered positive.Quantitative HBV DNA by real time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)(QIAGEN-Germany) with 3.8 IU/mL detection limit was estimated for blood units with negative serum anti-HBs and also for 32 whose anti-HBs serum titers were > 1000 IU/L.Also,265 recipients were included,34 of whom were followed up for 3-6 mo.Recipients were investigated for ALT and AST,HBV serological markers:HBsAg(ETI-MAK-4,Dia Sorin-Italy),anti-HBc,quantitative detection of anti-HBs and HBV-DNA.RESULTS:525/3167(16.6%) of blood units were positive for total anti-HBc,64% of those were antiHBs positive.Confirmation by ARCHITECT anti-HBc assay were carried out for 498/525 anti-HBc positive samples,where 451(90.6%) confirmed positive.Reactivity for anti-HBc was considered confirmed only if two positive results were obtained for each sample,giving an overall prevalence of 451/3167(14.2%) for total anti-HBc.HBV DNA was quantified by real time PCR in 52/303(17.2%) of anti-HBc positive blood donors(viral load range:5 to 3.5 x 105 IU/mL) with a median of 200 IU/mL(mean:1.8 x 104 ± 5.1 x 104 IU/mL).AntiHBc was the only marker in 68.6% of donors.Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis for identifying risk factors associated with anti-HBc and HBV-DNA positivity among blood donors showed that age above thirty and marriage were the most significant risk factors for prediction of anti-HBc positivity with AOR 1.8(1.4-2.4) and 1.4(1.0-1.9) respectively.Other risk factors as gender,history of blood transfusion,diabetes mellitus,frequent injections,tattooing,previous surgery,hospitalization,Bilharziasis or positive family history of HBV or HCV infections were not found to be associated with positive anti-HBc antibodies.Among anti-HBc positive blood donors,age below thirty was the most significant risk factor for prediction of HBV-DNA positivity with AOR 3.8(1.8-7.9).According to HBV-DNA concentration,positive samples were divided in two groups;group one with HBV-DNA ≥ 200 IU/mL(n = 27) and group two with HBV-DNA < 200 IU/mL(n = 26).No significant difference was detected between both groups as regards mean age,gender,liver enzymes or HBV markers.Serological profiles of all followed up blood recipients showed that,all were negative for the studied HBV markers.Also,HBV DNA was not detected among studied recipients,none developed post-transfusion hepatitis(PTH) and the clinical outcome was good.CONCLUSION:OBI is prevalent among blood donors.Nucleic acid amplification/HBV anti core screening should be considered for high risk recipients to eliminate risk of unsafe blood donation. | Zeinab N Said Manal H El Sayed Iman I Salama Enas K Aboel-Magd Magda H Mahmoud Maged El Setouhy Faten Mouftah Manal B Azzab Heidi Goubran Amal Bassili Gamal E Esmat | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，2： | 4 |
| 3 | Cross-sectional epidemiology of phlebitis and catheter-related infections 显示文摘 | Ena J Cercenado E Martinez D | 1992 | Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol1992，13，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Vibrations of circular cylindrical shells : Theory and experiments 显示文摘 | Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Civile Universita di Mod- ena e Reggio | 2007 | Journal of Sound and Vibration2007，303，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Wheyprotein antigenicity reduction by fungal proteinases and apepsin/pancreatic combination显示文摘 | Ena J M Van Beresteijn E C H Robben A J P M | 1995 | Journal of Food Science1995，60，： | 1 |
| 6 | Reyes cortes, new optical mountings of the spectral devices with con- cave diffraction gratings and high entrance slit显示文摘 | E|ena Sokolova Santiago D A | 1996 | SHE1996，2863，： | 1 |
| 7 | Direction of crack propagation in a complete contact fretting-fatigue prol~lem 显示文摘 | GINER E SAI~ SABI M ROI)ENAS ] J | 2014 | International Journal of Fatigue2014，58，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Whey protein antigenicity reduction by fungal proteinases and a pepsin/ pancreatic combination显示文摘 | Ena J M Van Beresteijn E C H Robben A J P M | 1995 | Journal of Food Science1995，60，： | 1 |
| 9 | The metabolic syndrome anddyslipidemia among Asian Indians: a population with high rates of diabetes and premature coronary artery disease显示文摘 | ENAS E A MOHAN V DEEPA M | 2007 | J Cardiometab Syndr2007，2，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Serf-assembly, antipolyelectrolyte effect, and non- biofouling properties of polyzwitterions 显示文摘 | George S Georgiev Elena B Kamenska E!ena D Vassile- va | 2006 | Biomacromole- cules2006，7，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Whey protein antigenicity reduction by f~ngal protei- nases and a pepsin/pancreatic combination 显示文摘 | ENA J M VAN BERESTEIJN E C H ROBBEN A J P M | 1995 | Journal of Food Science1995，，60： | 1 |
| 12 | Wheyprotein antigenicity by fungal proteinases and a pepsin/ pancreatincombination显示文摘 | Ena J M Van Beresteijn E CH'Robben A J PM ef al | 1995 | Journal of Food Science1995，60，： | 1 |
| 13 | The role of Helieobacter Pylori in the Pathophysiology of duodenal ulcer disease and gastric cancer显示文摘 | Mccol1 Ena d E1Orflar Derek Gllen et a1 | 1997 | Seminars in Gastrointestindl Disease1997，8，： | 1 |
| 14 | Whey Protein Antigenicity Reduction by Fungal Proteinases and a Pepsin/Pancreatic Combina- tion显示文摘 | ENA J M VAN BEKESTEIN E C H | 1995 | Journal of Food Science1995，60，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Transmembrane domain determinants for SNARE-mediated membrane fusion 显示文摘 | E]ena Fdez Mar Martfnez-Svador | 2010 | Journal of Cell Seienee2010，123，14： | 1 |
| 16 | Neutrophil CD64in diagnosis of infection in systemic lupus erythematosus patients显示文摘 | Enas E El-Said1 Salwa R | 2010 | Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine2010，5，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Severe maternal morbidity among delivery and post- paitum hospitalizations in the United States显示文摘 | William M Callaghan Andreea A Creanga E|ena V Kuk- lina | 2012 | Obstetrics and Gynecology2012，120，5： | 1 |
| 18 | The metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia among Asian Indians:u population with high rates of diabetes and premature coronary artery disease显示文摘 | ENAS E A MOHAN V DEEPA M | 2007 | J Cardiometab Syndr2007，2，4： | 1 |
| 19 | On the reliability of clinical criteria for the diagnosis of hepatic veno-occlusive disease显示文摘 | Carreras E Gra?ena A Navasa M | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 20 | Whey protein antigenicity reduction by fungal proteinases and a pepsin/pancre- atic combination显示文摘 | ENA J M van BERESTEIN E C H ROBBEN A J P M | 1995 | Journal of Food Science1995，60，1： | 1 |
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