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| 1 | Use of venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide tension difference to guide resuscitation therapy in septic shock显示文摘The mixed venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide(CO_2)tension difference[P(v-a) CO_2]is the difference between carbon dioxide tension(PCO_2) in mixed venous blood(sampled from a pulmonary artery catheter) and the PCO_2 in arterial blood.P(v-a) CO_2 depends on the cardiac output and the global CO_2 production,and on the complex relationship between PCO_2 and CO_2 content.Experimental and clinical studies support the evidence that P(v-a) CO_2 cannot serve as an indicator of tissue hypoxia,and should be regarded as an indicator of the adequacy of venous blood to wash out the total CO_2generated by the peripheral tissues.P(v-a) CO_2 can be replaced by the central venous-to-arterial CO_2 difference(△PCO_2),which is calculated from simultaneous sampling of central venous blood from a central vein catheter and arterial blood and,therefore,more easy to obtain at the bedside.Determining the △PCO_2 during the resuscitation of septic shock patients might be useful when deciding when to continue resuscitation despite a central venous oxygen saturation(SCVO_2) > 70%associated with elevated blood lactate levels.Because high blood lactate levels is not a discriminatory factor in determining the source of that stress,an increased △PCO_2(> 6 mmHg)could be used to identify patients who still remain inadequately resuscitated.Monitoring the △PCO_2 from the beginning of the reanimation of septic shock patients might be a valuable means to evaluate the adequacy of cardiac output in tissue perfusion and,thus,guiding the therapy.In this respect,it can aid to titrate inotropes to adjust oxygen delivery to CO_2 production,or to choose between hemoglobin correction or fluid/inotrope infusion in patients with a too low ScvO_2 related to metabolic demand.The combination of P(v-a) CO_2 or △PCO_2 with oxygen-derived parameters through the calculation of the P(v-a) CO_2 or △PCO_2/arteriovenous oxygen content difference ratio can detect the presence of global anaerobic metabolism. | Jihad Mallat Malcolm Lemyze Laurent Tronchon Beno?t Vallet Didier Thevenin | 2016 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2016，5，1： | 25 |
| 2 | Glutamine and glutamate supplementation raise milk glutamine concentrations in lactating gilts显示文摘Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in milk, and lactation is associated with increased glutamine utilization both for milk synthesis and as a fuel for the enlarged small intestine. A number of recent studies have indicated that lactation is accompanied by a mild catabolic state in which skeletal muscle proteins are degraded to provide amino acids that are used to synthesize additional glutamine. In this study we tested the hypothesis that supplemental L-glutamine or the commercially available glutamine supplement Aminogut (2.5% by weight mixed into daily feed) provided to gilts from 30 days prior to parturition until 21 days post-parturition would prevent a decrease in skeletal muscle glutamine while increasing the glutamine content of the milk. Muscle glutamine content decreased (P < 0.05) in control animals during lactation but this was prevented by supplementation with either L-glutamine or Aminogut. In this study, neither lactation nor supplementation had any effect on plasma glutamine or glutamate content. Free glutamine, and the total glutamine plus glutamate concentrations in milk from the control and the Aminogut group rose (P < 0.05) during the first 7 days of lactation, with milk concentrations in the L-glutamine supplemented group showing a similar trend (P = 0.053). Milk glutamate remained constant between day 7 and 21 of lactation in the control and L-glutamine supplemented groups, but by day 21 of lactation the free glutamine, glutamate, and glutamine plus glutamate concentrations in milk from Aminogut-treated gilts were higher than those of control gilts. Thus dietary glutamine supplementation can alleviate the fall in intramuscular glutamine content during lactation in gilts, and may alleviate some of the catabolic effects of lactation. Furthermore, the increased milk glutamine content in the supplemented gilts may provide optimum nutrition for piglet development. | Helena Emilia CCC Manso Helio C Manso Filho Luiz E de Carvalho Marianne Kutschenko Eduardo T Nogueira Malcolm Watford | 2012 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2012，3，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Design, implementation and simulation analysis of a single-wellchemical tracer test to measure the residual oil saturation tohydroearbonmiscible gas atprudhoe bay 显示文摘 | Cockin A P Malcolm L T McGuire P L | 1998 | SPE 489511998，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Water solubility enhancement of some organic pollutants and pesticides by dissolved humic and fulvic acids显示文摘 | CHIOU C T MALCOLM R L BRINTON T I | 1986 | Environmental Science Technology1986，20，5： | 1 |
| 5 | CD28 costimulation improves expansion and persistence of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells in lymphoma patients显示文摘 | Savoldo Barbara Ramos Carlos Almeida Liu Enli Mims Martha P Keating Michael J Carrum George Kamble Rammurti T Bollard Catherine M Gee Adrian P Mei Zhuyong Liu Hao Grilley Bambi Rooney Cliona M Heslop Helen E Brenner Malcolm K Dotti Gianpie | 2011 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2011，，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Electron spin resonance detection of spin - trapped radicals formed during the glow- discharge electrolysis of aqueous solutions 显示文摘 | ANTHONY T DAVID L G MALCOLM D I | 1980 | J C S Faraday I1980，76，： | 1 |
| 7 | Examining the Effects of Alternative Management Strategies on Landscape-scale Forest Patterns in Northeastern Minnesota Using LANDIS 显示文摘 | SMITA M LEE E F MALCOLM T J | 2004 | Ecological Modelling2004，，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Relation of glycohemoglobin and adiposity in youth 显示文摘 | McGiIl H C McMaban A Malcolm G T | 1999 | Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol1999，15，： | 1 |
| 9 | Quantifying the pH 'vital effect' in the temperate zooxanthellate coral Cladocora caespitosa: Validation of the boron seawater pH proxy显示文摘 | JULIE T PAOLO M MALCOLM M C | 2011 | Earth Planet Selett2011，303，： | 1 |
| 10 | Identification of a decapeptide with the binding reactivity for tumor-associated TAG72 antigen from a phagedisplayed library 显示文摘 | GUI J MOYANA T MALCOLM B | 1996 | Protiens1996，24，： | 1 |
| 11 | Water solubility enhancement of some organic pollutants and pesticides by dissolved humic and fulvic acids显示文摘 | Chiou C T Malcolm R L Brinton T I | 1986 | Envir Sci Technol1986，20，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Correlation betweencytotoxicity and the elements released by dental casting alloys显示文摘 | Wataha J C Malcolm C T Hanks C T | 1995 | International Journal of Prosthodontics1995，8，1： | 1 |
| 13 | An improved Ewing heat probe frame显示文摘 | Clark T F Malcolm F J Korgen B J | 1972 | Mar Geophys Res1972，1，： | 1 |
| 14 | Correlation between cytotoxicity and elements released by dental casting alloys 显示文摘 | Wataha J C Malcolm C T Hanks C T | 1995 | Int J Prothodont1995，8，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Identification of MET genomic amplification, protein expression and alternative splice isoforms in neuroblastomas显示文摘 | Benedict Yan Malcolm Lim Lihan Zhou Chik Hong Kuick May Ying Leong Kol Jia Yong LeLe Aung Manuel Salto-Tellez Kenneth T E Chang | 2013 | Journal of Clinical Pathology2013，，11： | 1 |
| 16 | Possible protective role for 3', 4'-dihydroxyflavones induced by enhanced UV-B in a UV-tolerant rice cultivar显示文摘 | Ken R M Gregory J T Malcolm I W | 1998 | Phytochemistry1998，49，： | 1 |
| 17 | Water Solubility Enhancement of Some Organic Pollutants and Pesticides by Dissolved Humic and Fulvic-Acids 显示文摘 | Chiou C T Malcolm R L Brinton T I | 1986 | Environ Sci Technol1986，20，： | 1 |
| 18 | Possible protective role for 3',4'-dihydroxyflavones induced by enhanced UV-B in a UV-tolerant rice cultivar显示文摘 | KEN R M GREGORY J T MALCOLM I W | 1998 | Phytochemistry1998，49，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Validation of an LC-MS Method for the Detection and quantification of BZP and TFMPP and their Hydroxylated metabolites in human plasma and its Application to the pharmacokinetic study of TFMPP in humans显示文摘 | USHTANA ANTIA MALCOLM D T BRUCE R R | 2010 | J Forensic Sci2010，55，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Sorption of vapors of some organic liquids on soil humic acid and its relation to partitioning of organic compounds in soil organic matter 显示文摘 | Cary T Chiou Danlel E Kile Ronald L Malcolm | 1988 | Environ Sci Technol1988，22，： | 1 |
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