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| 1 | Changes in the colon microbiota and intestinal cytokine gene expression following minimal intestinal surgery显示文摘AIM: To investigate the impact of minor abdominal surgery on the caecal microbial population and on markers of gut inflammation.METHODS: Four week old piglets were randomly allocated to a no-surgery 'control' group(n = 6) or a 'transection surgery' group(n = 5).During the transection surgery procedure, a conventional midline incision of the lower abdominal wall was made and the small intestine was transected at a site 225 cm proximal to the ileocaecal valve, a 2 cm segment was removed and the intestine was re-anastomosed.Piglets received a polymeric infant formula diet throughout the study period and were sacrificed at two weeks post-surgery.Clinical outcomes including weight, stool consistency and presence of stool fat globules were monitored.High throughput DNA sequencing of colonic content was used to detect surgery-relateddisturbances in microbial composition at phylum, family and genus level.Diversity and richness estimates were calculated for the control and minor surgery groups.As disturbances in the gut microbial community are linked to inflammation we compared the gene expression of key inflammatory cytokines(TNF, IL1 B, IL18, IL12, IL8, IL6 and IL10) in ileum, terminal ileum and colon mucosal extracts obtained from control and abdominal surgery groups at two weeks post-surgery.RESULTS: Changes in the relative abundance of bacterial species at family and genus level were confined to bacterial members of the Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla.Family level compositional shifts included a reduction in the relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae(22.95 ± 5.27 vs 2.07 ± 0.72, P < 0.01), Bacteroidaceae(2.54 ± 0.56 vs 0.86 ± 0.43, P < 0.05) and Rhodospirillaceae(0.40 ± 0.14 vs 0.00 ± 0.00, P < 0.05) following transection surgery.Similarly, at the genus level, changes associated with transection surgery were restricted to members of the Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla and included decreased relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae(29.20 ± 6.74 vs 2.88 ± 1.08, P < 0.01), Alistipes(4.82 ± 1.73 vs 0.18 ± 0.13, P < 0.05) and Thalassospira(0.53 ± 0.19 vs 0.00 ± 0.00, P < 0.05).Surgeryassociated microbial dysbiosis was accompanied by increased gene expression of markers of inflammation.Within the ileum IL6 expression was decreased(4.46 ± 1.60 vs 0.24 ± 0.06, P < 0.05) following transection surgery.In the terminal ileum, gene expression of TNF was decreased(1.51 ± 0.13 vs 0.80 ± 0.16, P < 0.01) and IL18(1.21 ± 0.18 vs 2.13 ± 0.24, P < 0.01), IL12(1.04 ± 0.16 vs 1.82 ± 0.32, P < 0.05) and IL10(1.04 ± 0.06 vs 1.43 ± 0.09, P < 0.01) gene expression increased following transection surgery.Within the colon, IL12(0.72 ± 0.13 vs 1.78 ± 0.28, P < 0.01) and IL10(0.98 ± 0.02 vs 1.95 ± 0.14, P < 0.01) gene expression were increased following transection surgery.CONCLUSION: This study suggests that minor abdominal surgery in infants, results in long-term alteration of the colonic microbial composition and persistent gastrointestinal inflammation. | Susan Lapthorne Julie E Bines Fiona Fouhy Nicole L Dellios Guineva Wilson Sarah L Thomas Michelle Scurr Catherine Stanton Paul D Cotter Prue M Pereira-Fantini | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，14： | 3 |
| 2 | Macrophage secretory products induce an inflammatory phenotype in hepatocytes显示文摘AIM:To investigate the influence of macrophages on hepatocyte phenotype and function.METHODS:Macrophages were differentiated from THP-1 monocytes via phorbol myristate acetate stimulation and the effects of monocyte or macrophageconditioned medium on HepG2 mRNA and protein expression determined.The in vivo relevance of these findings was confirmed using liver biopsies from 147 patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection.RESULTS:Conditioned media from macrophages,but not monocytes,induced a transient morphological change in hepatocytes associated with upregulation of vimentin(7.8±2.5-fold,P=0.045)and transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1(2.6±0.2-fold,P<0.001)and downregulation of epithelial cadherin(1.7±0.02-fold,P=0.017)mRNA expression.Microarray analysis revealed significant upregulation of lipocalin-2(17-fold,P <0.001)and pathways associated with inflammation,and substantial downregulation of pathways related to hepatocyte function.In patients with chronic HCV,realtime polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry confirmed an increase in lipocalin-2 mRNA(F0 1.0 ±0.3,F1 2.2±0.2,F2 3.0±9.3,F3/4 4.0±0.8,P= 0.003)and protein expression(F1 1.0±0.5,F2 1.3± 0.4,F3/4 3.6±0.4,P=0.014)with increasing liver injury.High performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis identified elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 in macrophageconditioned medium,and a chemical inhibitor of MMP-9 attenuated the change in morphology and mRNA expression of TGF-β1(2.9±0.2 vs 1.04±0.1,P<0.001) in macrophage-conditioned media treated HepG2 cells.In patients with chronic HCV infection,hepatic mRNA expression of CD163(F0 1.0±0.2,F1/2 2.8±0.3,F3/4 5.3±1.0,P=0.001)and MMP-9(F0 1.0±0.4,F1/2 2.8±0.3,F3/4 4.1±0.8,P=0.011)was significantly associated with increasing stage of fibrosis.CONCLUSION:Secreted macrophage products alter the phenotype and function of hepatocytes,with increased expression of inflammatory mediators,suggesting that hepatocytes actively participate in liver injury. | Michelle Melino Victoria L Gadd Gene V Walker Richard Skoien Helen D Barrie Dinesh Jothimani Leigh Horsfall Alun Jones Matthew J Sweet Gethin P Thomas Andrew D Clouston Julie R Jonsson Elizabeth E Powell | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，15： | 3 |
| 3 | Psychosocial mechanisms for the transmission of somatic symptoms from parents to children显示文摘AIM: To examine familial aggregation of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) via parental reinforcement/modeling of symptoms, coping, psychological distress, and exposure to stress.METHODS:Mothers of children between the ages of8 and 15 years with and without IBS were identified through the Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound.Mothers completed questionnaires,including the Child Behavior Checklist(child psychological distress),the Family Inventory of Life Events(family exposure to stress),SCL-90R(mother psychological distress),and the Pain Response Inventory(beliefs about pain).Children were interviewed separately from their parents and completed the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire(beliefs about pain),Pain Response Inventory(coping)and Child Symptom Checklist[gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms].In addition,health care utilization data was obtained from the automated database of Group Health Cooperative.Mothers with IBS(n=207)and their 296 children were compared to 240 control mothers and their 335 children,while controlling for age and education.RESULTS:Hypothesis 1:reinforcement of expression of GI problems is only related to GI symptoms,but not others(cold symptoms)in children.There was no significant correlation between parental reinforcement of symptoms and child expression of GI or other symptoms.Hypothesis 2:modeling of GI symptomsis related to GI but not non-GI symptom reporting in children.Children of parents with IBS reported more non-GI(8.97 vs 6.70,P<0.01)as well as more GI(3.24 vs 2.27,P<0.01)symptoms.Total health care visits made by the mother correlated with visits made by the child(rho=0.35,P<0.001 for cases,rho=0.26,P<0.001 for controls).Hypothesis 3:children learn to share the methods of coping with illness that their mothers exhibit.Methods used by children to cope with stomachaches differed from methods used by their mothers.Only 2/16 scales showed weak but significant correlations(stoicism rho=0.13,P<0.05;acceptance rho=0.13,P<0.05).Hypothesis 4:mothers and children share psychological traits such as anxiety,depression,and somatization.Child psychological distress correlated with mother’s psychological distress(rho=0.41,P<0.001 for cases,rho=0.38,P<0.001 for controls).Hypothesis 5:stress that affects the whole family might explain the similarities between mothers and their children.Family exposure to stress was not a significant predictor of children’s symptom reports.Hypothesis 6:the intergenerational transmission of GI illness behavior may be due to multiple mechanisms.Regression analysis identified multiple independent predictors of the child’s GI complaints,which were similar to the predictors of the child’s non-GI symptoms(mother’s IBS status,child psychological symptoms,child catastrophizing,and child age).CONCLUSION:Multiple factors influence the reporting of children’s gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal symptoms.The clustering of illness within families is best understood using a model that incorporates all these factors. | Miranda AL van Tilburg Rona L Levy Lynn S Walker Michael Von Korff Lauren D Feld Michelle Garner Andrew D Feld William E Whitehead | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，18： | 2 |
| 4 | TGFβ1 and radiation fibrosis: a master switch and a specific therapeutic target?显示文摘 | Michele M Jean-louse L Sylvie D | 2000 | Int J Radiation Oncol Biol Phys2000，47，2： | 2 |
| 5 | Is There a Possibility of a Cure in Patients With Colorectal Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Amenable to Complete Cytoreductive Surgery and Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy?显示文摘 | Diane Goéré David Malka Dimitri Tzanis Vinicius Gava Valérie Boige Clarisse Eveno Léon Maggiori Frédéric Dumont Michel Ducreux Dominique Elias | 2013 | Annals of Surgery2013，，6： | 2 |
| 6 | Application of grain size trend analysis for the determination of sediment transport pathways in intertidal areas 显示文摘 | Pedreros R Howa H L Michel D | 1996 | Marine geology1996，135，： | 2 |
| 7 | A controlled trial comparing ciprofloxacin with mesalazine for the treatment of active Crohn’s disease显示文摘 | Jean-Frédéric Colombel Marc Lémann Michel Cassagnou Yoram Bouhnik Bernard Duclos Jean-Louis Dupas Bertrand Notteghem Jean-Yves Mary | 1999 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology1999，，： | 2 |
| 8 | Invitri degradation of porous poly(L-lactic acid) foams显示文摘 | Lichun L Susan J Michelle D | 2000 | Biomaterials2000，21，： | 1 |
| 9 | Genome sequence and analysis of the soil cellulolytic actinomyeete Thermobifidafusca YX 显示文摘 | Athanasios L Konstantinos M Natalia I lain A Miriam L Genevieve D Michele M Alia L Susan L Alex C Paul R David BW Nikos K | 2007 | J Bacteriol2007，189，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Application of grain size trend analysis for the determination of sediment transport pathways in intertidal areas显示文摘 | Pedreros R Howa H L Michel D | 1996 | Marine Geology1996，135，： | 1 |
| 11 | Amino acid odorants stimulate mi- crovillar sensory neurons显示文摘 | Lip'schitz D L Michel W C | 2002 | Chem Senses2002，27，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Multistep redirection by cross-beam power transfer of ultrahigh-power lasers in a plasrna显示文摘 | Moody J D Michel P Divol L | 2012 | Nature Phys2012，8，： | 1 |
| 13 | Validation of European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) in North American cardiac surgery显示文摘 | Nashef S A Roques F Hammill B G Peterson E D Michel P Grover F L | 2002 | Eur J Cardiothorac Surg2002，22，： | 1 |
| 14 | Application of grain size trend analysis for the determination of sediment transport pathways in intertidal areas 显示文摘 | Pedreros R Howa H L Michel D | 1996 | Marine Geology1996，135，： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of pore size and alu- minium content on the production of linear alkylbenzenes over HY, H - ZSM - 5 and H - ZSM - 12 zeolites: Alkylation of benzene with 1 - dodecene 显示文摘 | Jose L G Dufaux M Michel D | 1991 | Applied Catalysis A : General1991，1，114： | 1 |
| 16 | Analysis and synthesis of neural networks with lower block triangular interconnecting structure 显示文摘 | MICHEL A N GRAY D L | 1990 | IEEE Trans on Circuits and Systems1990，37，10： | 1 |
| 17 | Investigation of the combustion of particles of coal显示文摘 | DAVINI P GHETTI P BONFANTI L MICHELE G D | 1996 | Fuel1996，75，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Applicationof grain size trend analysis for the deermination of sediment transport pathways in intertidal areas显示文摘 | Pedreros R Howa H L Michel D | 1996 | Marine Geology1996，135，： | 1 |
| 19 | Studies on the structures of imipenem, dehydropeptidase Ⅰ-hydrolyzed imipenem, and related analogs显示文摘 | Ratcliffe R W Wildonger K J Michele L D etal | 1989 | J Org Chem1989，54，3： | 1 |
| 20 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Landen O L Boehly T R Bradley D K Braun D G Callahan D A Celliers P M Collins G W Dewald E L Divol L Glenzer S H Hamza A Hicks D G Hoffman N Izumi N Jones O S Kirkwood R K Kyrala G A Michel P Milovich J Munro D H Nikroo A Olson R E Robey H F Spears B K Th | | 0，，： | 1 |
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