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| 1 | Rectal cancer: An evidence-based update for primary care providers显示文摘Rectal adenocarcinoma is an important cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and key anatomic differences between the rectum and the colon have significant implications for management of rectal cancer. Many advances have been made in the diagnosis and management of rectal cancer. These include clinical staging with imaging studies such as endorectal ultrasound and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging, operative approaches such as transanal endoscopic microsurgery and laparoscopic and robotic assisted proctectomy, as well as refined neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies. For stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ rectal cancers, combined chemoradiotherapy offers the lowest rates of local and distant relapse, and is delivered neoadjuvantly to improve tolerability and optimize surgical outcomes, particularly when sphincter-sparing surgery is an endpoint. The goal in rectal cancer treatment is to optimize diseasefree and overall survival while minimizing the risk of local recurrence and toxicity from both radiation and systemic therapy. Optimal patient outcomes depend on multidisciplinary involvement for tailored therapy. The successful management of rectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach, with the involvement of enterostomal nurses, gastroenterologists, medical and radiation oncologists, radiologists, pathologists and surgeons. The identification of patients who are candidates for combined modality treatment is particularly useful to optimize outcomes. This article provides an overview of the diagnosis, staging and multimodal therapy of patients with rectal cancer for primary care providers. | Wolfgang B Gaertner Mary R Kwaan Robert D Madoff Genevieve B Melton | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，25： | 13 |
| 2 | Epidemiology and outcomes of osteoporotic fractures显示文摘 | Steven R Cummings L Joseph Melton | 2002 | The Lancet2002，，9319： | 2 |
| 3 | Epidemiology and outcomes of osteoporotic fractures显示文摘 | Steven R Cummings L Joseph Melton | 2002 | The Lancet2002，，9319： | 2 |
| 4 | Optimal portfolio management with fixed transaction costs显示文摘 | Melton A J Pliska S R | 1995 | Mathematical Finance1995，5，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Rapid, mild method for phosphonate diester hydrolysis:development of a one-pot synthesis of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate from tenofovirdiethyl ester 显示文摘 | Houghton S R Melton J Fortunak J | 2010 | Tetrahedron2010，66，41： | 1 |
| 6 | Incidence of Colles'fracture in a North American community 显示文摘 | Owen R A Melton L J 3rd Johnson K A | 1982 | Am J Public Health1982，72，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Rational Theory of Option Pricing显示文摘 | Melton R | 1973 | Bell Journal of Economies and Management Science1973，，4： | 1 |
| 8 | The Xenopus Localized Messenger RNA An3 May Encode an ATP-dependent RNA Helicase显示文摘 | Gururaj an R Perry-O' Keefe H Melton D A | 1991 | Nature1991，349，： | 1 |
| 9 | Physician-directed patient serf-management of left atria/ pressure in advanced chronic heart failure显示文摘 | Ritzema J Troughton R Melton I | 2010 | Circulation2010，121，9： | 1 |
| 10 | Update on Helicobacter pylori treatment显示文摘 | Ables A Z Simon I Melton E R | 2007 | Am Fam Physician2007，75，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Selection in alfalfa for forage yield with three moisture levels in drought boxes显示文摘 | Salter R Melton B Wilson M | 1984 | Crop Science1984，24，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Perificutin and properties of carboxypepridase-G2 from pseudomonas strain RS-16显示文摘 | SHERWOOD R F MELTON R G ALWAN S M | 1985 | Eur J Biochem1985，148，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Creating proteins with novel functionality via the Maillard reaction : A review 显示文摘 | Oliver C M Melton L D Stanley R A | 2006 | Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition2006，46，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Selection in alfalfa for forage yield with three moisture levels in drought boxes显示文摘 | Salter R Melton B Wilson M | 1984 | Crop Science1984，24，34： | 1 |
| 15 | DGCR8 is essential for mieroRNA biogenesis and silencing of embryonic stemcell self-renewal显示文摘 | Wang Y Medvid R Melton C | 2007 | Nat Genet2007，3，： | 1 |
| 16 | DGCR8 is essential for microRNA biogenesis and silencing of embryonic stem cell self-renewal显示文摘 | Wang Y Medvid R Melton C | 2007 | Nat Genet2007，39，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Opposing microRNA families regu- late self- renewal in mouse embryonic stem cells显示文摘 | Melton C Judson RL Blelloch R | 2010 | Nature2010，463，7281： | 1 |
| 18 | On the pricing of corporate debt: The risk structure of interest rates显示文摘 | Melton R C | 1974 | Journal of Finance1974，29，2： | 1 |
| 19 | SP-B deficiency causes respirat ory failure in adult mice显示文摘 | Melton K R Nesslein L L Ikegami M | 2003 | Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol2003，285，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Selection in alfalfa for forage yield with three moisture levels in drought boxes显示文摘 | Salter R Melton B Wilson M | 1984 | Crop Science1984，24，： | 1 |
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