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| 1 | Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cancer: Reported apparent diffusion coefficients,in-vitro and invivo reproducibility显示文摘There is considerable disparity in the published apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) values across different anatomies. Institutions are increasingly assessing repeatability and reproducibility of the derived ADC to determine its variation,which could potentially be used as an indicator in determining tumour aggressiveness or assessing tumour response. In this manuscript,a review of selected articles published to date in healthy extracranial body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging is presented,detailing reported ADC values and discussing their variation across different studies. In total 115 studies were selected including 28 for liver parenchyma,15 for kidney(renal parenchyma),14 for spleen,13 for pancreatic body,6 for gallbladder,13 for prostate,13 for uterus(endometrium,myometrium,cervix) and 13 for fibroglandular breast tissue. Median ADC values in selected studies were found to be 1.28 × 10-3 mm2/s in liver,1.94 × 10-3 mm2/s in kidney,1.60 × 10-3 mm2/s in pancreatic body,0.85 × 10-3 mm2/s in spleen,2.73 × 10-3 mm2/s in gallbladder,1.64 × 10-3 mm2/s and 1.31 × 10-3 mm2/s in prostate peripheral zone and central gland respectively(combined median value of 1.54×10-3 mm2/s),1.44 × 10-3 mm2/s in endometrium,1.53 × 10-3 mm2/s in myometrium,1.71 × 10-3 mm2/s in cervix and 1.92 × 10-3 mm2/s in breast. In addition,six phantom studies and thirteen in vivo studies were summarized to compare repeatability and reproducibility of the measured ADC. All selected phantom studies demonstrated lower intra-scanner and inter-scanner variation compared to in vivo studies. Based on the findings of this manuscript,it is recommended that protocols need to be optimised for the body part studied and that system-induced variability must be established using a standardized phantom in any clinical study. Reproducibility of the measured ADC must also be assessed in a volunteer population,as variations are far more significant in vivo compared with phantom studies. | Maysam M Jafar Arman Parsai Marc E Miquel | 2016 | World Journal of Radiology2016，8，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Adaptive receptive fields for radial basis functions显示文摘 | Zilouchian A | 2001 | Desalination2001，135，： | 1 |
| 3 | Automation and process control of reverse osmosis plants using soft computing methodologies显示文摘 | Jafar M | 2001 | Desalination2001，135，： | 1 |
| 4 | Severe recurrent acha- lasia cardia responding to treatment of severe autoimmune ac- quired haemophilia显示文摘 | A1 Jafar H Laffan M A1-Sabah S | 2012 | Case Rep Gastroenterol2012，6，3： | 1 |
| 5 | On feasibility of interferencealignment in MIMO interference networks显示文摘 | YETIS C M GOU T JAFAR S A | 2010 | IEEE Transaction onSignal Processing2010，58，9： | 1 |
| 6 | Ionic liquid-based single drop microextraction combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of manganese in water samples显示文摘 | JAMSHID L M MOHAMMAD A JAFAR A | 2009 | Talanta2009，77，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Cost-effectiveness of community- based strategies for blood pressure control in a low-income developing country: findings from a cluster-randomized, factorial- controlled trial显示文摘 | Jafar TH Islam M Bux R | 2011 | Circulation2011，124，15： | 1 |
| 8 | On feasibility of interference alignment in MIMO interference networks显示文摘 | YETIS C M GOU T JAFAR S A | 2010 | IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing2010，58，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Enhancement of esterification reaction yield using zeolite A vapour permeation membrane显示文摘 | Jafar J J Budd P M Hughes R | 2002 | Journal of Membrane Science2002，199，： | 1 |
| 10 | Degrees of freedom for the MIMO interference channel 显示文摘 | JAFAR S A FAKHEREDDIN M J | 2012 | IEEE Trans on Information Theory2012，58，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Simulation of erosive smoothing in the abrasive jet micro-machining of glass 显示文摘 | Jafar R H M Papini M Spelt J K | 2013 | Journal of Materials Processing Technology2013，213，12： | 1 |
| 12 | Proteinuria as amodiffiahle risk factor for progression of non-diabetic renal disease显示文摘 | Jafar TH Stark PC Schmid CH Landa M Mascantoni C de Zeeuw D | 2001 | Kidney Int2001，60，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Separation of alcohol/water mixtures by pervaporation through zeolite A membranes显示文摘 | Jafar J J Budd P M | 1997 | Microporous Mater1997，12，： | 1 |
| 14 | Enhancement of Esterification Reaction Yield Using Zeolite A Vapour Permeation Membrane显示文摘 | Jafar J J Budd P M Hughes R | 2002 | J Membr Sci2002，1，12： | 1 |
| 15 | On feasibility of interfer- ence alignment in MIMO interferenee networks 显示文摘 | Yetis C M Gou T Jafar S A | 2010 | IEEE Trans on Signal Pro2010，58，9： | 1 |
| 16 | Degrees of freedom for the MIMO Interference channel显示文摘 | Jafar S A Fakhereddin M J | 2007 | IEEE Transactions on In- formation Theory2007，53，： | 1 |
| 17 | Degrees of freedom for the MIMO interference channel显示文摘 | JAFAR S FAKHEREDDIN M | 2007 | IEEE Trans on Information Theory2007，53，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Design and analysis of ge- netic fuzzy systems for intrusion detection in computer networks 显示文摘 | Ahadeh MS Harold M Jafar H | 2011 | Expert System with Applications2011，38，： | 1 |
| 19 | Degrees of freedom for the mimo interference channel 显示文摘 | Jafar S A Fakhereddin M | 2007 | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory2007，53，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Degrees of freedom forthe MIMO X channel显示文摘 | JAFAR S FAKHEREDDIN M | 2007 | IEEE Transactions on Informa-tion Theory2007，53，7： | 1 |
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