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| 1 | Emission of BTEX and PAHs from molding sands with furan cold setting resins containing different contents of free furfuryl alcohol during production of cast iron显示文摘At present, furan resin is the largest selling no-bake system of moulding sands. The most commonly used furan no-bake binders(FNB) are condensation products of furfuryl alcohol(FA) urea, formaldehyde and phenol. They are generally cured by exposure to organic sulfonic acids. FNB provide excellent mold and core strength, cure rapidly and allow the sand to be reclaimed at fairly high yields, generally 75%-80%, especially in applications where due allowance is made for the need to keep total sulfur content below 0.1%. However, due to probable carcinogenic properties of furfuryl alcohol, the EU Directive limits the content of this substance(in a monomer form in resin) to 25%. The classification of furfuryl alcohol and the resulting furan resin products has changed from 'harmful' to 'toxic by inhalation'. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of free furfuryl alcohol content in the resin on the emission of harmful substances from the BTEX(Benzene Toluene Ethylbenzene & Xylene) and PAHs(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) group exposed to high temperature and how it affects the emissions allowance of reclaimed sand in the matrix. Three resins from a leading manufacturer were examined, which contain a free furfuryl alcohol content of 71%-72%, about 50% and < 25%, respectively. The hardener for each resin was 65% aqueous solution of paratoluenesulfonic acid. Tests were carried out in semi-industrial conditions where liquid cast-iron was poured into sample sand mold at 1,350 °C. The matrix of the studied sands was reclaimed in the amount of 0, 50%, 100%, respectively.With the increase of free furfuryl alcohol content, the volume of evolved gases decreased. For all resins the main component from the BTEX group dominating in the emitted gases was benzene; however toluene also appeared in the amount of a few percentages. In contrast, ethylbenzene and xylenes occurred only in the gases emitted from resin-bonded sands with the largest furfuryl alcohol content. The increase in the share of reclaimed sands resulted in very significant increase in the volume of gas generated and participation of benzene in these gases. In terms of emission of compounds from the PAHs group virtually for all resins, the total content of these substances was comparable(within the limits of error). The main components were: fluoranthene, pyrene and benzo(a) anthracene. | Mariusz Holtzer Sylwia Zymankowska–Kumon Angelika Kmita Rafal Dańko | 2015 | China Foundry2015，12，6： | 2 |
| 2 | Inhibition of myoblast fusion after one round of DNA synthesis in 5-bromodeoxyuridine显示文摘 | BISCHOFF R HOLTZER H | 1970 | J Cell Biol1970，44，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Psychopathological features in Alzheimer's disease:Course and relationship with cognitive status显示文摘 | Holtzer R Tang MX Devanand DP | 2003 | JAGS2003，51，： | 1 |
| 4 | Homocysteine and mobility in older adults显示文摘 | Rolita L Holtzer R Wang C | 2010 | J Am Geriatr Soc2010，58，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Inhibition of myoblast fusion after one round of DNA synthesis in 5-bromodeoxyuridine显示文摘 | Bischof g Holtzer H | 1970 | J Cell Biol1970，44，： | 1 |
| 6 | Walking While Talking and Falls in Aging显示文摘 | Ayers EI Tow AC Holtzer R | 2014 | Gerontology2014，60，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Should laparoscopy be a mandatory component of the infertility evaluation in infertile women with normal hysterosalpingngram or suspected unilateral distal tubal pathology?显示文摘 | Lavy Y Lev-Sagie A Holtzer H | 2004 | Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol2004，114，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Quantitative Gait Mark- ers and Incident Fall Risk in Older Adults 显示文摘 | Verghese J Holtzer R Lipton RB | 2009 | J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci2009，64，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Relationship between executive functionsand motor stereotypies in children withAutistic Disorder显示文摘 | Lemonda BC Holtzer R Goldman S | 2012 | Res Autism SpectrDisord2012，6，： | 1 |
| 10 | Should laparoscopy be a mandatory componnt of the infertility evaluation in infertile women with nomal hysterosalpingogram or suspected unilateral distal tubal pathlogy 显示文摘 | Lavy Y Lev- Sagie A Holtzer H | 2004 | Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol2004，114，： | 1 |
| 11 | Determination of pcdds, pcdfs, pcbs and hcb emissions from the metallurgical sector in poland显示文摘 | Grochowalski A Lassen C Holtzer M | 2007 | Environmental Science and Pollution Research International2007，14，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Should laparoscopy be a mandatory component of the infertility evaluation in infertile women with normal hysterosalpingogram or suspected unilateral distal tubal pathology? 显示文摘 | Lavy Y Lev-Sagie A Holtzer H | 2004 | Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol2004，114，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Formation of arrowhead complexes with heavy meromyosin in a variety of cell types 显示文摘 | Ishikawa H Bischoff R Holtzer H | 1969 | J Cell Biol1969，43，： | 1 |
| 14 | Sarcomeric alpha - actinin defective in vinculin-binding cause Z-line expansion and nemaline-like body formation in cultured chick myotubes显示文摘 | Zhang ZQ Bish LT Holtzer H | 2009 | Exp Cell Res2009，315，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Behavioural differences between psychiatric patients with confirmed ver- sus non-confirmed traumatic brain injuries 显示文摘 | Holtzer R Burright RG Lynn SJ | 2000 | Brain lnj2000，14，： | 1 |
| 16 | An experimental analysis of development of spinal column显示文摘 | Holtzer O | 1953 | J Exp Zool1953，123，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Cognitive processes related to gait velocity:results from the Einstein aging study显示文摘 | Holtzer R Verghese J Xue X | 2006 | Neuropsychology2006，20，： | 1 |
| 18 | Homocysteine and mobility in older adults显示文摘 | Rolita L Holtzer R Wang C | 2010 | J Am Geriatr Soc2010，58，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Shunt-independent arrest of hydrocephalus显示文摘 | Holtzer GJ | 1973 | Neurosurg1973，39，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Homocysteine and mobility in older adults显示文摘 | Rolita L Holtzer R Wang C | 2010 | J Am Geriatr Soc2010，58，3： | 1 |
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