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| 1 | 面向21世纪的卒中新定义:美国心脏病学会和美国卒中学会声明显示文摘尽管脑血管病有着全球性影响且对其病理生理学的认识有了很多进步,但是'卒中'这一术语在临床实践、临床研究或公共卫生评估中的定义却不一致。传统的定义依据于临床,却没有考虑到科学技术的进步。美国心脏协会(AHA)和美国卒中协会(ASA)卒中分会组织了写作小组,为21世纪卒中新定义撰写专家共识性声明。中枢神经系统(CNS)梗死,指由缺血所导致的脑、脊髓或视网膜的细胞死亡,是基于持续性损害的神经病理学、神经影像学和(或)临床证据。CNS梗死表现为一个临床谱:缺血性卒中特指伴有明显症状的CNS梗死,而静息性梗死根据定义指未引起已知的症状的梗死。卒中也还包括脑出血和蛛网膜下腔出血。新定义的卒中结合了临床和组织学标准,可被用于实践、研究和公共卫生评估。 | 俞羚 董荃 宋叶平 江静雯 李卉 刘亮贤 苏爱萍 李焰生 Sacco RL Kasner SE Broderick JP Caplan LR Connors JJ Culebras A Elkind MS George MG Hamdan AD Higashida RT Hoh BL Janis LS Kase CS Kleindorfer DO Lee JM Moseley ME Peterson ED Turan TN Valderrama AL Vinters HV | 2013 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2013，10，2： | 188 |
| 2 | Meta-analysis of laparoscopic vs open cholecystectomy in elderly patients显示文摘AIM:To investigate the comparative effect of laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy in elderly patients.METHODS:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has induced a revolution in the treatment of gallbladder disease.Nevertheless,surgeons have been reluctant to implement the concepts of minimally invasive surgery in older patients.A systematic review of Medline was embarked on,up to June 2013.Studies which provided outcome data on patients aged 65 years or older,subjected to laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy were considered.Mortality,morbidity,cardiac and pulmonary complications were the outcome measures of treatment effect.The methodological quality of selected studies was appraised using valid assessment tools.Τhe random-effects model was applied to synthesize outcome data.RESULTS:Out of a total of 337 records,thirteen articles(2 randomized and 11 observational studies)reporting on the outcome of 101559 patients(48195in the laparoscopic and 53364 in the open treatment group,respectively)were identified.Odds ratios(OR)were constantly in favor of laparoscopic surgery,in terms of mortality(1.0%vs 4.4%,OR=0.24,95%CI:0.17-0.35,P<0.00001),morbidity(11.5%vs 21.3%,OR=0.44,95%CI:0.33-0.59,P<0.00001),cardiac(0.6%vs 1.2%,OR=0.55,95%CI:0.38-0.80,P=0.002)and respiratory complications(2.8%vs 5.0%,OR=0.55,95%CI:0.51-0.60,P<0.00001).Critical analysis of solid study data,demonstrated a trend towards improved outcomes for the laparoscopic concept,when adjusted for age and co-morbid diseases.CONCLUSION:Further high-quality evidence is necessary to draw definite conclusions,although bestavailable evidence supports the selective use of laparoscopy in this patient population. | Stavros A Antoniou George A Antoniou Oliver O Koch Rudolph Pointner Frank A Granderath | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 17 |
| 3 | Interleukin-6: a villain in the drama of pancreatic cancer development and progression显示文摘BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a devastating malignancy with a poor prognosis and little treatment options. The development and progression of the disease is fostered by inflammatory cells and cytokines. One of these cytokines is interleukin-6(IL-6), which plays an important role in a wide range of biologic activities.DATA SOURCES: A systematic search of PubMed was performed to identify relevant studies using key words such as interleukin-6,inflammatory cytokines, inflammation and pancreatic cancer or PDAC. Articles related to IL-6 and pancreatic cancer were systematically reviewed.RESULTS: IL-6 is elevated in the serum of pancreatic cancer patients and correlates with cachexia, advanced tumor stage and poor survival. Its expression is enhanced by hypoxia and proteins involved in pancreatic cancer development like Kras,mesothelin or ZIP4. IL-6 in turn contributes to the generation of a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment and is probably involved in angiogenesis and metastasis. In experimental mouse models of PDAC, IL-6 was important for the development and progression of precursor lesions.CONCLUSION: IL-6 emerges as a key player in pancreatic cancer development and progression, and hence should be considered as a new therapeutic target. | Reinhild Holmer Freya A Goumas Georg H Waetzig Stefan Rose-John Holger Kalthoff | 2014 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2014，13，4： | 16 |
| 4 | Choledochal cysts: Similarities and differences between Asian and Western countries显示文摘Choledochal cysts(CCs)are rare bile duct dilatations,intra-and/or extrahepatic,and have higher prevalence in the Asian population compared to Western populations.Most of the current literature on CC disease originates from Asia where these entities are most prevalent.They are thought to arise from an anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction,which are congenital anomalies between pancreatic and bile ducts.Some similarities in presentation between Eastern and Western patients exist such as female predominance,however,contemporary studies suggest that Asian patients may be more symptomatic on presentation.Even though CC disease presents with an increased malignant risk reported to be more than 10%after the second decade of life in Asian patients,this risk may be overstated in Western populations.Despite this difference in cancer risk,management guidelines for all patients with CC are based predominantly on observations reported from Asia where it is recommended that all CCs should be excised out of concern for the presence or development of biliary tract cancer. | George N Baison Morgan M Bonds William S Helton Richard A Kozarek | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，26： | 16 |
| 5 | Components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade are activated in hepatic cells by Echinococcus multilocularis metacestode显示文摘AIM: To explore the effect of Echinococcus multilocularis (E. multilocularis) on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways and on liver cell proliferation. METHODS: Changes in the phosphorylation of MAPKs and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression were measured in the liver of patients with alveolar echinococcosis (AE). MAPKs, MEK1/2 [MAPK/ extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) kinase] and ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) phosphorylation were detected in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes in contact in vitro with (1) E. multilocularis vesicle fluid (EmF), (2) E. multilocularis-conditioned medium (EmCM). RESULTS: In the liver of AE patients, ERK 1/2 and p38 MAPK were activated and PCNA expression was increased, especially in the vicinity of the metacestode. Upon exposure to EmF, p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and ERK1/2 were also activated in hepatocytes in vitro, as well as MEK1/2 and RSK, in the absence of any toxic effect. Upon exposure to EmCM, only JNK was up-regulated. CONCLUSION: Previous studies have demonstrated an influence of the host on the MAPK cascade in E. multilocularis. Our data suggest that the reverse, i.e. parasite-derived signals efficiently acting on MAPK signaling pathways in host liver cells, is actually operating. | Ren-Yong Lin Jun-Hua Wang Xiao-Mei Lu Xiao-Tao Zhou Georges Mantion Hao Wen Dominique A Vuitton Lysiane Richert | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，17： | 15 |
| 6 | Eleven COVID-19 Outbreaks with Local Transmissions Caused by the Imported SARS-CoV-2 Delta VOC-China,July-August,2021显示文摘Starting from December 2019,Wuhan,China,encountered the first outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)(1-2).The epidemic was successfully suppressed by strict containment so that the number of infected people was reduced to 0 on April 8,2020(3–4).After that,China experienced roughly 3 dozen outbreaks with local transmission caused by imported severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2). | Lei Zhou Kai Nie Hongting Zhao Xiang Zhao Bixiong Ye Ji Wang Cao Chen Hong Wang Jiangli Di Jinsong Li Chao Li Zhixiao Chen Ruiqi Ren Peihua Niu Hui Chen Tao Chen Yali Wang Lili Li Bingxue Han Ruhan A Si Chen Dan Li Dan Li Chunxia Jin Xin Zhang Jiangmei Liu Chunyu Xu Yecheng Yao Yenan Feng Zhili Li Bike Zhang Yang Song Peter Hao Yanping Zhang Hao Li Qun Li George F.Gao Guoqing Shi Wenbo Xu | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，41： | 13 |
| 7 | Non-functional neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas: Advances in diagnosis and management显示文摘Nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas(NF-PNETs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms. Although rare, the incidence of NF-PNETs is increasing significantly. The classification of PNETs has evolved over the past decades and is now based on a proliferation grading system. While most NF-PNETs are slow growing, tumors with more aggressive biology may becomeincurable once they progress to unresectable metastatic disease. Tumors of higher grade can be suspected preoperatively based on the presence of calcifications, hypoenhancement on arterial phase computed tomography, positron emission technology avidity and lack of octreotide scan uptake. Surgery is the only curative treatment and is recommended for most patients for whom complete resection is possible. Liver-directed therapies(thermal ablation, transarterial embolization) can be useful in controlling unresectable hepatic metastatic disease. In the presence of unresectable progressive disease, somatostatin analogues, everolimus and sunitinib can prolong progression-free survival. This article provides a comprehensive review of NF-PNETs with special emphasis on recent advances in diagnosis and management. | Jordan M Cloyd George A Poultsides | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，32： | 11 |
| 8 | Effects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on lung function:A systematic review显示文摘AIM:To present and integrate findings of studies investigating the effects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy on various aspects of lung function.METHODS:We extensively reviewed literature of the past 24 years concerning the effects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in comparison to the open procedure on many aspects of lung function including spirometricvalues,arterial blood gases,respiratory muscle performance and aspects of breathing control,by critically analyzing physiopathologic interpretations and clinically important conclusions.A total of thirty-four articles were used to extract information for the meta-analysis concerning the impact of the laparoscopic procedure on lung function and respiratory physiopathology.The quality of the literature reviewed was evaluated by the number of their citations and the total impact factor of the corresponding journals.A fixed and random effect meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled standardized mean difference of studied parameters for laparoscopic(LC)and open(OC)procedures.A crude comparison of the two methods using all available information was performed testing the postoperative values expressed as percentages of the preoperative ones using the Mann-Whitney two-sample test.RESULTS:Most of the relevant studies have investigated and compared changes in spirometric parameters.The median percentage and interquartile range(IQR)of preoperative values in forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced expiratory flow(FEF)at 25%-75%of FVC(FEF25%-75%)expressed as percentage of their preoperative values 24 h after LC and OC were respectively as follows:[77.6(73.0,80.0)L vs 55.4(50.0,64.0)L,P<0.001;76.0(72.3,81.0)L vs 52.5(50.0,56.7)L,P<0.001;and 78.8(68.8,80.9)L/s vs 60.0(36.1,66.1)L/s,P=0.005].Concerning arterial blood gases,partial pressure of oxygen[Pa O2(k Pa)]at 24 or 48 h after surgical treatment showed reductions that were significantly greater in OC compared with LC[LC median 1.0,IQR(0.6,1.3);OC median 2.4,IQR(1.2,2.6),P=0.019].Fewer studies have investigated the effect of LC on respiratory muscle performance showing less impact of this surgical method on maximal respiratory pressures(P<0.01);and changes in the control of breathing after LC evidenced by increase in mean inspiratory impedance(P<0.001)and minimal reduction of duty cycle(P=0.01)compared with preoperative data.CONCLUSION:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy seems to be associated with less postoperative derangement of lung function compared to the open procedure. | George D Bablekos Stylianos A Michaelides Antonis Analitis Konstantinos A Charalabopoulos | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 10 |
| 9 | Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in operated stomach: Outcome of 105 cases显示文摘AIM: To compare the causes and clinical outcome of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGB) and a history of gastric surgery to those with AUGB but without a history of gastric surgery in the past.METHODS: The causes and clinical outcome were compared between 105 patients with AUGB and a history of gastric surgery, and 608 patients with AUGB but without a history of gastric surgery.RESULTS: Patients who underwent gastric surgery in the past were older (mean age: 68.1±11.7 years vs 62.8±17.8 years, P= 0.001), and the most common cause of bleeding was marginal ulcer in 63 patients (60%). No identifiable source of bleeding could be found in 22 patients (20.9%) compared to 42/608 (6.9%) in patients without a history of gastric surgery (P = 0.003). Endoscopic hemostasis was permanently successful in 26 out of 35 patients (74.3%) with peptic ulcers and active bleeding or non-bleeding visible vessel. Nine patients (8.6%) were operated due to continuing or recurrent bleeding,compared to 23/608 (3.8%) in the group of patients without gastric surgery in the past (P= 0.028). Especially in peptic ulcer bleeding patients, emergency surgery was more common in the group of patients with gastric surgery in the past [9/73 (12.3%) vs 19/360 (5.3%), P = 0.025].Moreover surgically treated patients in the past required more blood transfusion (3.3±4.0 vs 1.5±1.7, P = 0.0001) and longer hospitalization time (8.6±4.0 vs 6.9±4.9 d,P = 0.001) than patients without a history of gastric surgery. Mortality was not different between the two groups [4/105 (3.8%) vs 19/608 (3.1%)].CONCLUSION: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding seems to be more severe in surgically treated patients than in non-operated patients. | Vassiliki N Nikolopoulou Konstantinos C Thomopoulos George I Theocharis Vassiliki A Arvaniti Constantine E Vagianos | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，29： | 9 |
| 10 | Intrahepatic endometriosis as differential diagnosis: Case report and literature review显示文摘Intrahepatic endometriosis is one of the rarest forms of atypical endometriosis; only eighteen cases have been reported in the English literature. We describe the case of a 32-year-old woman, who presented with persistent, non-cyclical upper right quadrant abdominal pain, a central liver cyst, and no history of endometriosis. Three years previous, she was diagnosed with an intrahepatic cyst. The lesion progressed and two laparoscopic deroofing-operations were performed, yet the diagnosis of intrahepatic endometriosis was never reached. She presented in our clinic with further progress of the cyst as well as obstruction of the intrahepatic biliary system. The magnetic resonance imaging showed a 9.5 cm × 12 cm, lobulated intrahepatic cyst. We performed an ultrasonic pericystectomy. Immunostaining confirmed intrahepatic endometriosis. Only one of the previously described eighteen patients with intrahepatic endometriosis presented with cyclical pain in the upper right abdominal quadrant accompanying menstruation. This lack of a 'typical' clinic makes it challenging to diagnose extragonadal endometriosis without histopathology. A previous history of endometriosis was described in only twelve cases, thus the diagnosis of this condition should not be limited to patients with a known history of endometriosis. Six of 18 patients were postmenopausal, demonstrating this condition is not limited to women of reproductive age. A preoperative diagnosis was only reached in seven of the previously described cases, highlighting the importance of preoperative biopsies. Yet due to the potential adverse effects, a transhepatic biopsy must be discussed individually. Although rare, intrahepatic endometriosis should always be considered as a differential diagnosis in women with recurrent hepatic cysts, regardless of age or previous medical history. In such cases, histology is essential and a pericystectomy should be performed as standard of care. | Georg Fluegen Frank Jankowiak Luisa Zacarias Foehrding Feride Kroepil Wolfram T Knoefel Stefan A Topp | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，29： | 9 |
| 11 | A blueprint for engineering cell fate: current technologies to reprogram cell identity显示文摘象心失败,糖尿病, neurodegenerative 混乱,和许多其它那样的人的疾病源于批评房间类型的缺乏或机能障碍。为治疗学的织物修理或新生的策略要求在里面定义房间的临床上相关的数量的 vitro 制造打字。除了移植治疗,不那样无法接近的房间的产生也允许疾病建模,毒物学测试和在 vitro 的药发现。在这评论,我们讨论当前的策略从在区分的状态之间的一个导致的 pluripotent 状态或直接变换由区别操作丰富、可存取的房间的身份。我们与采用部分 reprogramming 便于系切换的最近的进展对比这些途径,并且讨论位于房间命运的工程下面的机制。最后,我们探讨这块地的当前的限制并且产生房间怎么打字,能被估计保证医学上的生产相关人口。 | Samantha A Morris | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，1： | 8 |
| 12 | Pancreatic endometrial cyst mimics mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas显示文摘Pancreatic cysts include a variety of benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions. Endometrial cysts in the pancreas are exceedingly rare lesions that are difficult to diagnose pre-operatively. This report describes the findings in a 43-year-old patient with a recent episode of acute pancreatitis who presented with a large cyst in the tail of the pancreas. Imaging demonstrated a loculated pancreatic cyst, and cyst fluid aspiration revealed an elevated amylase and carcinoembryonic antigen. The patient experienced an interval worsening of abdominal pain, fatigue, diarrhea, and a 15-pound weight loss 3 mo after the initial episode of pancreatitis. With concern for a possible pre-malignant lesion, the patient underwent a laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, which revealed a 16cm×12cm×4cm lesion. Final histopathology was consistent with an intra-pancreatic endometrial cyst. Here we discuss the overlapping imaging and laboratory features of pancreatic endometrial cysts and mucinous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas. | Michael A Mederos Nicole Villafane Sadhna Dhingra Carlos Farinas Amy Mc Elhany William E Fisher George Van Buren II | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，6： | 7 |
| 13 | Transcatheter aortic valve replacement and stroke: a comprehensive review显示文摘Transcatheter 大动脉的阀门培植(TAVR ) 与严重大动脉的狭窄和高外科的风险为病人作为一种其他的、很快演变的治疗选择出现了。此后摸破坏复杂并发症主要在 periprocedural 和 30 天的时期追随者 TAVR 正在被限制,与更低、相对经常的频率。早击在过程期间主要由于碎片 embolization,而以后的事件与耐心的特定的因素被联系。尽管临床的击的率常常与起始的 TAVR 经验相比一直在减少,有 MRI 的现代 neuro 成像建议新 ischemic 损害 post-TAVR 是几乎通用的。后者的影响大部分是未知的。然而,他们似乎在 neurocognitive 功能与减小相关。因为 TAVR 被设置扩展它的指示降低外科风险的病人,摸预防在期间并且在 TAVR 以后降临到首要的重要性。基于临床并且 pathophysiological 证据,研究的三根线活跃地向这个方向被采用:在有到有钙化的大动脉的拱门的还原剂操作和接触的一个目的阀门和本国的阀门, antithrombotic 治疗,和插子的保护设备的改进。小心的耐心的选择,过程的设计,和尊重这张易碎的人口的流血风险的定制的 antithrombotic 策略对击追随者 TAVR 组成主要防卫。 | Periklis A Davlouros Virginia C Mplani Ioanna Koniari Grigorios Tsigkas George Hahalis | 2018 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2018，15，1： | 7 |
| 14 | Role of functional imaging in the development and refinement of invasive neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders显示文摘Deep brain stimulation(DBS) is emerging as a pow-erful tool for the alleviation of targeted symptoms in treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite the expanding use of neuropsychiatric DBS, the mecha-nisms responsible for its effects are only starting to be elucidated. Several modalities such as quantitative elec-troencephalography as well a intraoperative recordings have been utilized to attempt to understand the under-pinnings of this new treatment modality, but functional imaging appears to offer several unique advantages. Functional imaging techniques like positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomog-raphy and functional magnetic resonance imaging have been used to examine the effects of focal DBS on activ-ity in a distributed neural network. These investigations are critical for advancing the field of invasive neuro-modulation in a safe and effective manner, particularly in terms of defining the neuroanatomical targets and refining the stimulation protocols. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current functional neuroim-aging findings from neuropsychiatric DBS implantation for three disorders: treatment-resistant depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Tourette syndrome. All of the major targets will be discussed(Nucleus ac-cumbens, anterior limb of internal capsule, subcallosal cingulate, Subthalamic nucleus, Centromedial nucleus of the thalamus-Parafasicular complex, frontal pole, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). We will also address some apparent inconsistencies within this literature, and suggest potential future directions for this promis-ing area. | Nolan R Williams Joseph J Taylor Kayla Lamb Colleen A Hanlon E Baron Short Mark S George | 2014 | World Journal of Radiology2014，6，10： | 6 |
| 15 | Paraspinal strength and electromyographic fatigue in patients with sub-acute back pain and controls:Reliability,clinical applicability and between-group differences显示文摘BACKGROUND Paraspinal muscle strength and fatigue are considered important in low back pain(LBP)prevention and rehabilitation.High reliability of paraspinal strength and electromyographic(EMG)-fatigue parameters has not been universally reported.Moreover,the discriminative validity of these parameters requires further exploration,under the threat of potentially poor reliability of the methods examined.AIM To investigate the reliability and discriminative validity of paraspinal strength and EMG-related fatigue in subjects with recurrent LBP and healthy participants.METHODS Test-retest measurements were performed in 26 healthy and 66 LBP volunteers,for reliability.Paraspinal isometric maximal and mean strength were determined with a maximum voluntary isometric contraction(MVIC)protocol,performed in a custom-made device.For the fatigue test,participants performed a 60% MIVC level continuous isometric contraction of the paraspinals,in conjunction with EMG analysis from 4 muscle sites of the lumbar spine.Initial median frequency(IMF),the median frequency slope(MFslope),as well as the root mean square(RMS)slope EMG parameters were used as fatigue measures.Data were analysed with repeated measures ANOVA for test-retest differences.For reliability,the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC3,1),standard error of the measurement(SEM)and the smallest detectable difference(SDD)were reported.Group-related differences for fatigue measures were analysed with a Multivariate Analysis of Covariance,with age,weight and strength as covariates.RESULTS Isometric strength presented statistically significant between-day differences(P<0.01),however these did not exceed 10%(healthy:7.2%/LBP-patients:9.7%)and ICC reliability values were excellent,yet test-retest error was increased for the patient group(healthy:ICC3,1:0.92-0.96,SEM:5.72-5.94 Hz,SDD:18.51%-18.57%/LBP-patients:ICC3,1:0.91-0.96,SEM:6.49-6.96,SDD:30.75%-31.61%).For the frequency data,IMF reliability was excellent(healthy:ICC3,1:0.91-0.94,SEM:3.45-7.27 Hz,SDD:9.56%-20.14%/patients:ICC3,1:0.90-0.94,SEM:6.41-7.59 Hz,SDD:17.75%-21.02%)and of MF raw and normalised slopes was good(healthy:ICC3,1:0.78-0.82,SEM:4.93-6.02 Hz,SDD:13.66-16.67%/LBP-patients:ICC3,1:0.83-0.85,SEM:6.75-7.47 Hz,SDD:18.69%-20.69%).However,the reliability for RMS data presented unacceptably high SDD values and were not considered further.For discriminative validity,less MVIC and less steep MFslopes were registered for the patient group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Reliability and discriminative ability of paraspinal strength and EMG-related frequency parameters were demonstrated in healthy participants and patients with LBP. | George A Koumantakis Jacqueline A Oldham | 2021 | World Journal of Orthopedics2021，12，11： | 5 |
| 16 | Octreotide induces caspase activation and apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells显示文摘AIM: To investigate the role of octreotide on cellular proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. METHODS: We studied cellular proliferation, apoptosis and the possible internal caspase-mediated apoptosis pathway involved, after treatment of HepG2 carcinoma cells with octreotide in comparison with the apoptosis caused by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Activities of caspase-3, caspase-9, caspase-8 and caspase-2 were studied, while apoptosis was investigated through detection of DNA fragmentation and through identification of apoptotic cells with the annexin-V/propidium iodide flow cytometric method. RESULTS: After an initial increase in HepG2 cellular proliferation, a significant inhibition was observed with 10-8 mol/L octreotide, while TNF-α dose-dependently decreased proliferation. Early and late apoptosis was significantly increased with both substances. Octreotide significantly increased caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-2 activity. TNF-α signifi cantly increased only caspase-2. Cellular proliferation was decreased after treatment with octreotide or TNF-α alone but, in contrast to TNF-α, octreotide decreased proliferation only at concentrations of 10-8 mol/L, while lower concentrations increased proliferation. CONCLUSION: Our findings are suggestive of caspasemediated signaling pathways of octreotide antitumor activity in HepG2 cells, and indicate that measurements of serum octreotide levels may be important, at least in clinical trials, to verify optimal therapeutic drug concentrations. | Nikos J Tsagarakis Ioannis Drygiannakis Antonis G Batistakis George Kolios Elias A Kouroumalis | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，3： | 5 |
| 17 | Divalent metal transporter, iron, and Parkinson's disease: A pathological relationship显示文摘 | Hyun-pil Lee Xiongwei Zhu Gang Liu Shu G Chen George Perry Mark A Smith Hyoung-gon Lee | 2010 | Cell Research2010，20，4： | 5 |
| 18 | Relation between microRNA expression and progression and prognosis of gastric cancer: a microRNA expression analysis显示文摘 | Tetsuya Ueda Stefano Volinia Hiroshi Okumura Masayoshi Shimizu Cristian Taccioli Simona Rossi Hansjuerg Alder Chang-gong Liu Naohide Oue Wataru Yasui Kazuhiro Yoshida Hiroki Sasaki Sachiyo Nomura Yasuyuki Seto Michio Kaminishi George A Calin Carlo M Croce | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，2： | 4 |
| 19 | Primary biliary cirrhosis-specific autoantibodies in first degree relatives of Greek primary biliary cirrhosis patients显示文摘AIM:To determine the prevalence and significance of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)-specific autoantibodies in firstdegree relatives (FDRs) of Greek PBC patients. METHODS:The presence of antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) and PBCspecific antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were determined using indirect immunofluores-cence assays, dot-blot assays, and molecularly based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 101 asymp-tomatic for liver-related symptoms FDRs of 44 PBCpatients. In order to specify our results, the same investigation was performed in 40 healthy controls and in a disease control group consisting of 40 asymptomatic for liver-related symptoms FDRs of patients with other autoimmune liver diseases namely, autoimmune hepati-tis-1 or primary sclerosing cholangitis (AIH-1/PSC). RESULTS: AMA positivity was observed in 19 (only 4 with abnormal liver function tests) FDRs of PBC patients and none of the healthy controls. The preva-lence of AMA was significantly higher in FDRs of PBC patients than in AIH-1/PSC FDRs and healthy controls [18.8%, 95% confidence interval (CI):12%-28.1% vs 2.5%, 95% CI:0.1%-14.7%, P = 0.01; 18.8%, 95% CI:12%-28.1% vs 0%, 95% CI: 0%-10.9%, P = 0.003, respectively]. PBC-specific ANA positivity was observed in only one FDR from a PSC patient. Multivariate analysis showed that having a proband with PBC independently associated with AMA positivity (odds ratio: 11.24, 95% CI:1.27-25.34, P = 0.03) whereas among the investigated comorbidities and risk factors, a positive past history for urinary tract infections (UTI) was also independently associated with AMA detection in FDRs of PBC patients (odds ratio:3.92, 95% CI:1.25-12.35,P = 0.02). CONCLUSION:In FDRs of Greek PBC patients, AMA prevalence is significantly increased and independently associated with past UTI. PBC-specific ANA were not detected in anyone of PBC FDRs. | Theodoros A Zografos Nikolaos Gatselis Kalliopi Zachou Christos Liaskos Stella Gabeta George K Koukoulis George N Dalekos | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，34： | 4 |
| 20 | Gemcitabine-based or capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer (SCALOP): a multicentre, randomised, phase 2 trial显示文摘 | Somnath Mukherjee Christopher N Hurt John Bridgewater Stephen Falk Sebastian Cummins Harpreet Wasan Tom Crosby Catherine Jephcott Rajarshi Roy Ganesh Radhakrishna Alec McDonald Ruby Ray George Joseph John Staffurth Ross A Abrams Gareth Griffiths Tim Maugh | 2013 | Lancet Oncology2013，，4： | 4 |
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