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| 1 | Glutamine and glutamate supplementation raise milk glutamine concentrations in lactating gilts显示文摘Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in milk, and lactation is associated with increased glutamine utilization both for milk synthesis and as a fuel for the enlarged small intestine. A number of recent studies have indicated that lactation is accompanied by a mild catabolic state in which skeletal muscle proteins are degraded to provide amino acids that are used to synthesize additional glutamine. In this study we tested the hypothesis that supplemental L-glutamine or the commercially available glutamine supplement Aminogut (2.5% by weight mixed into daily feed) provided to gilts from 30 days prior to parturition until 21 days post-parturition would prevent a decrease in skeletal muscle glutamine while increasing the glutamine content of the milk. Muscle glutamine content decreased (P < 0.05) in control animals during lactation but this was prevented by supplementation with either L-glutamine or Aminogut. In this study, neither lactation nor supplementation had any effect on plasma glutamine or glutamate content. Free glutamine, and the total glutamine plus glutamate concentrations in milk from the control and the Aminogut group rose (P < 0.05) during the first 7 days of lactation, with milk concentrations in the L-glutamine supplemented group showing a similar trend (P = 0.053). Milk glutamate remained constant between day 7 and 21 of lactation in the control and L-glutamine supplemented groups, but by day 21 of lactation the free glutamine, glutamate, and glutamine plus glutamate concentrations in milk from Aminogut-treated gilts were higher than those of control gilts. Thus dietary glutamine supplementation can alleviate the fall in intramuscular glutamine content during lactation in gilts, and may alleviate some of the catabolic effects of lactation. Furthermore, the increased milk glutamine content in the supplemented gilts may provide optimum nutrition for piglet development. | Helena Emilia CCC Manso Helio C Manso Filho Luiz E de Carvalho Marianne Kutschenko Eduardo T Nogueira Malcolm Watford | 2012 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2012，3，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Intracranial hemorrhage in infants due to vitamin K deficiency-report of 2 cases显示文摘 | Grillo E Silva RJM Filho JHB | 2000 | J Pediatr2000，76，2： | 1 |
| 3 | The influence of cryotherapy on reduction of swelling, pain and trismus after third-molar extraction: A preliminary study显示文摘 | Laureano Filho JR de Oliveira e Silva ED Batista CI et ai | 2005 | J Am Dent Assoc2005，136，6： | 1 |
| 4 | 0ptimization of mass concrete construction using genetic algorithms显示文摘 | Fairbairn E M R Silvoso M M Filho R D | | 0，，23： | 1 |
| 5 | Hydrogen peroxide pre - treatment induces salt - stress acclimation in maize plants 显示文摘 | Neto A D de A Prisco J T Eneas - Filho J Medeiros J V R Gomes -Filho E | 2005 | Journal of Plant Physiology2005，162，10： | 1 |
| 6 | Preparation of ethylenediamine-anchored cellulose and determination of thermochemical data for the interaction between cations and basic centers at the solid/liquid interface显示文摘 | da Silva Filho E C de Melo J C P Airoldi C | 2006 | Carbohydrate research2006，341，17： | 1 |
| 7 | Rapid maxillary expansion after secondary alveolar bone grafting in patients with alveolar cleft显示文摘 | da Silva Filho OG Boiani E de Oliveira Cavassan A | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 8 | Comparison of a R744 cascade refrigeration system with R404A and R22 conventional systems for su- permarkets 显示文摘 | DA SILVA A FILHO E P B ANTUNES A H P | 2012 | Applied Thermal Engineering2012，41，： | 1 |
| 9 | Targeting key alteration minerals in epithermal deposits in Patagonia, Argentina, using ASTER imagery and principal component analysis显示文摘 | Crosta A P Souza Filho C R D E | 2003 | INT J Remote Sensing2003，24，21： | 1 |
| 10 | Surface cellulose modification with 2-aminomethylpyridine for copper, cobalt, nickel and zinc removal from aqueous solution显示文摘 | Silva Filho E C J u nior S Sousa L | 2013 | Materials Research2013，16，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Nutrient removal in a vertical up flow wet land in Piracicaba,Brazil显示文摘 | Farahbakhshazad N Morrison G M Filho E S | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 12 | In- tranasal dexmedetomidine for sedation for pediatric computed tomography imaging显示文摘 | Mekitarian Filho E Robinson F De Carvalho WB | 2015 | J Pediatr2015，166，5： | 1 |
| 13 | An overview of mannan structure and mannan-degrading enzyme systems显示文摘 | Moreira L R S Filho E X F | 2008 | Applied Microbiology Biotechnology2008，79，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Thermochemistry of interaction between ceUulose modified with 2-aminomethylpyridine and divalent cations显示文摘 | Silva Filho E C J u nior L S S Santos M R M C | 2013 | Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry2013，114，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Surgical treatment of varus malunion of the proximal humerus with valgus osteotomy显示文摘 | Benegas E Zoppi Filho A Ferreira Filho AA | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 16 | Atmospheric surface layer characteristics of turbulence above the Pantanal wetland regarding the similarity theory显示文摘 | Marques Filho E P Sa L D A Karam H A | 2008 | Agricultural and Forest Meteorology2008，148，67： | 1 |
| 17 | Raman spectrum of graphite foams显示文摘 | Barros E B Demir N S Souza Filho AG | 2005 | Phys Rev B2005，71，16： | 1 |
| 18 | Immobilization of ethylene sulfide in aminated cellulose for removal of the divalent cations显示文摘 | Silva Filho E C Lima L C B Silva F C | 2013 | Carbohydrate polymers2013，92，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Ecodesign methods focused on remanufacturing 显示文摘 | PIGOSSO D C A ZANETTE E T FILHO A G | 2010 | Journal ofCleanerProduction2010，18，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Third-order nonlinear optical properties of bismuth-borate glasses measured by conventional and thermally managed eclipse Z scan 显示文摘 | Gomes A S L Falc o Filho E L de Araujo Cid B etal | 2007 | J Appl Phys2007，101，03： | 1 |
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