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| 1 | Nitrate Accumulation in Soil Profile of Dry Land Farming in Northwest China显示文摘A long-term fertilizer experiment on dry land of the Loess Plateau, northwest China, has been conducted since 1984 to study the distribution and accumulation of NO3-N down to a depth of 400 cm in the profile of a coarse-textured dark loessial soil after continuous winter wheat cropping. Thirteen fertilizer treatments consisted of four levels of N and P applied alone or in combination. Annual N and P (P2O5) rates were 0,45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1. After 15 successive cropping cycles, the soil samples were taken from each treatment for analysis of NO3-N concentration. The results showed that NO3-N distribution in the soil profile was quite different among the treatments. The application of fertilizer N alone resulted in higher NO3-N concentration in the soil profile than the combined application of N and P, showing that application of P could greatly reduce the NO3-N accumulation. With an annual application of 180 kg N ha-1 alone, a peak in NO3-N accumulation occurred at 140 cm soil depth, and the maximum NO3-N concentration in the soils was 67.92 mg kg-1. The amount of NO3-N accumulated in the soil profile decreased as the cumulative N uptake by the winter wheat increased. Application of a large amount of N resulted in lower N recoveries in winter wheat and greater NO3-N accumulation in soil profile. NO3-N did not enter underground water in the study region; therefore, there is no danger of underground water pollution. Amount of NO3-N accumulation can be predicted by an equation according to annual N and P rates based on the results of this experiment. | FAN Jun, HAO Ming-De and SHAO Ming-AnState Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100 (China). | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，4： | 25 |
| 2 | Efficient production of omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (sFat-1)-transgenic pigs by somatic cell nuclear transfer显示文摘Omega-3(ω-3) fatty acid desaturase transgenic pigs may improve carcass fatty acid composition. The use of transgenic pigs is also an excellent large animal model for studying the role of ω-3 fatty acids in the prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease and cancer. Transgenic pigs carrying synthesized fatty acid desaturase-1 gene (sFat-1) from Caenorhabditis briggsae by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) were produced for the first time in China. Porcine fetal fibroblast cells were transfected with a sFat-1 expression cassette by the liposome-mediated method. Transgenic embryos were reconstructed by nuclear transfer of positive cells into enucleated in vitro matured oocytes. A total of 1889 reconstructed embryos were transferred into 10 naturally cycling gilts. Nine early pregnancies were established, 7 of which went to term. Twenty-one piglets were born. The cloning efficiency was 1.1% (born piglets/transferred embryos). The integration of the sFat-1 gene was confirmed in 15 live cloned piglets by PCR and Southern blot except for 2 piglets. Expression of the sFat-1 gene in 12 of 13 piglets was detected with RT-PCR. The data demonstrates that an efficient system for sFat-1 transgenic cloned pigs was developed, which led to the successful production of piglets expressing the sFat-1 gene. | PAN DengKe1, ZHANG Li1, ZHOU YanRong2, FENG Chong1, LONG Chuan1, LIU Xiao1, WAN Rong3, ZHANG Jian3, LIN AiXing3, DONG EnQiu4, WANG ShuChen4, XU HouGang4 & CHEN HongXing2 1 Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China 2 Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China 3 China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China 4 Yutian Breeding Swine Farms, Yutian 064104, China | 2010 | Science China(Life Sciences)2010，53，4： | 21 |
| 3 | Quantitative analysis of soil pores under natural vegetation successions on the Loess Plateau显示文摘Soil pore is a key attribute of the soil structure that affects soil reservoir under natural vegetation recovery on the Loess Plateau.This study is to quantitatively analyze soil pore parameters,measured with Computed Tomography(CT) at 15-57 mm depths under five different vegetation succession stages using a concept of substituting 'space' for 'time' in the Ziwuling Forest Region of the Loess Plateau.The results showed that the soil pore parameters,such as pore number,porosity,circularity,and fractal dimension,increased significantly under the natural vegetation successions and varied with the pattern climax community stage>pioneering arbor community stage>scrub community stage>herbaceous community stage>abandoned farmland stage,indicating that natural vegetation recovery could remarkably improve soil pore characteristics.With the vegetation succession,this positive effect will be strengthened gradually,which means that the soil pore parameters may appear to be best at the climax community stage.Soil organic matter content increased linearly with the soil pore parameters(P<0.001).Increased organic matter accumulation was one of the major reasons for the changes in soil pore characteristics in natural vegetation succession. | ZHAO ShiWei1,ZHAO YongGang1,2 & WU JinShui3 1 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 3 Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，4： | 14 |
| 4 | Run off-on-out method and models for soil infiltrability on hill-slope under rainfall conditions显示文摘The soil infiltrability of hill-slope is important to such studies and practices as hydrological process, crop water supply, irrigation practices, and soil erosion. A new method for measuring soil infiltrability on hill-slope under rainfall condition with run off-on-out was advanced. Based on water (mass) balance, the mathematic models for soil infiltrability estimated from the advances of runoff on soil surface and the water running out of the slope were derived. Experiments of 2 cases were con-ducted. Case I was done under a rainfall intensity of 20 mm/h, at a slope gradient of about 0° with a runoff/on length (area) ratio of 1 : 1. Case II was under a rainfall intensity of 60 mm/h and a slope of 20° with a runoff/on length (area) ratio of 1 : 1. Double ring method was also used to measure the infiltrability for comparison purposes. The experiments were done with soil moisture of 10%. Required data were collected from laboratory experiments. The infiltrability curves were computed from the experimental data. The results indicate that the method can well conceptually represent the transient infiltrability process, with capability to simulate the very high initial soil infiltrability. The rationalities of the method and the models were validated. The errors of the method for the two cases were 1.82%/1.39% and 4.49%/3.529% (Experimental/Model) respectively, as estimated by comparing the rainfall amount with the infiltrated volume, to demonstrate the accuracy of the method. The transient and steady infiltrability measured with double ring was much lower than those with this new method, due to water supply limit and soil aggregates breaking down at initial infiltration stage. The method can overcome the short backs of the traditional sprinkler method and double ring method for soil infil-traility. It can be used to measure the infiltrability of sloped surface under rainfall-runoff-erosion condi-tions, in the related studies. | LEI Tingwu1,2, LIU Han1, PAN Yinghua3, ZHAO Jun2, ZHAO Shiwei2 & YANG Yonghui2 1. The Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineer-ing, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China 3. Geographic and Resources Management College, Yantai Normal University, Yantai 264025, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，2： | 11 |
| 5 | RILL EROSION PROCESS ON STEEP SLOPE LAND OF THE LOESS PLATEAU显示文摘Rill erosion processes and principle of preventing rill erosion of different applied measures are studied by rainfall simulation and field investigation. Research results show that rill erosion processes can be schematically divided into five stages, that is, concentrated flow forming process; little waterfalls in the concentrated flow forming Process; little waterfalls developing into rill head cut process; rill head cuts developing to form discontinuous rill process and discontinuous rills connecting to form continuous rill process. Rill head cuts backward erosion, rill wall collapsing and runoff washing rill bed are the main patterns of rill development. The relevant equation between critical runoff volume of occurring rill erosion and slope degree can be expressed as follows: Q = 76. 10 - 2. 10J. And relevant equation between critical slope length of occurrence Of rill erosion and slope degree is parabolic with a minimum-value. In addition, influence of rill erosion development on slope runoff and soil erosion, benefits and principle of reducing rill erosion amount of mulch, non-tillage system and remained residue, strip alternation of grass and crop, horizontal ditch are also studied. | ZHENG Fenli and TANG Keli (1 The English text has been altered and edited by Dr. DING Lianzhen 2 Engineer, National Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences and institute of Soil and Water Conservati | 1997 | International Journal of Sediment Research1997，12，1： | 9 |
| 6 | STUDY ON THE DYNAMIC PROCESS OF RILL EROSION OF LOESS SLOPE SURFACE显示文摘Rill erosion is a dominant process of morphological evolution of the Loess Plateau in China, and deliveries much loess sediment to rivers. Data from two flume experiments conducted on the bare and glass-covered beds indicated that the till flow develops into a series of rolling waves. The shear stress on the rill bed distributes unevenly both spatially and temporally. A new method based on the energy conservation law is proposed in this study. Thus the relationship between the runoff energy consumption from the interaction of water flow and slope bed and soil detachment is formulated. The results showed that the data for the soil detachment rate on slope (Dr) and the energy consumption of runoff (E1) fitted well with newly-developed function. The till erosion occurs when the runoff energy consumption exceeds a critical value. | Zhanbin LI 1.2 Kexin LU2 and Wenfeng DING1 1 The State key Laboratory of Loess Plateau and Dry Land Farming, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R.China. 2 Xi’an University of Technology, 710048, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R.China. | 2001 | International Journal of Sediment Research2001，16，2： | 9 |
| 7 | Crop Yield Response to Water and Fertilizer in Loess Tableland of China:A Field Research显示文摘CropYieldResponsetoWaterandFertilizerinLoessTablelandofChina:AFieldResearchLIUWEN-ZHAOandLIYU-SHAN(StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilEr... | LIU WEN-ZHAO and LI YU-SHAN(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erusion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Northwest Institute of Soiland Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100 (China) ) | 1995 | Pedosphere1995，5，3： | 7 |
| 8 | Roles of ABA Signal Transduction during Higher Plant Seed Development and Germination显示文摘ABA is one of the 5 phytohormones in higher plants, which is also the most important hormone that regulates higher plants in response to environmental stress, by ABA signal transduction. Understanding ABA signal transduction at the molecular level is crucial to biology and ecology, and rational breeding complied with corresponding eco-environmental changes. Great advancements have taken place over the past 10 years by application of the Arabidopsis experimental system. Many components involved in ABA signal transduction have been isolated and identified and a clear overall picture of gene expression and control for this transduction has become an accepted fact. On the basis of the work in our laboratory, in conjunction with the data available at the moment, the authors have attempted to integrate ABA signal transduction pathways into a common one and give some insights into the relationship between ABA signal transduction and other hormone signal transduction pathways, with an emphasis upon the ABA signal transduction during higher plant seed development. A future challenge in this field is that different experimental systems are applied and various receptors and genes need to be characterized through the utilization of microarray chips. | Shao Hongbo1,2 * Liang Zongsuo2,3 Shao Mingan2,4 1Bio-information College of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, P. R. China 2The National Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming, Research Centre of Soil and Water Conservation and Eco-environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, P. R. China 3Northwest Sci-tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, P. R. China 4Institute for Graphical Sciences and Resource, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China | 2003 | Forestry Studies in China2003，5，4： | 5 |
| 9 | State and Potential of Forest Carbon Market in China显示文摘China has been making efforts to improve climate changes which have drawn international attentions since China formally signed UN Climate Change Framework in 1992 and ratified Kyoto Protocol in August 2002. The area of China’s forest plantation ranks the first at present so global close attention is paid to forest carbon market in China. This article introduces that 5 110 million t of carbon dioxide equivalent have been sequestrated by China’s forest during 1980 to 2005, China will have 4.2 billion t of carbon dioxide emission reduction market potential and contribute more forest carbon credits to the international community. | TAN Xiufeng1 ZHOU Fengzhi2 1. Research Institute of Forestry Policy and Information, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing100091, P. R. China 2. Huyuan Forest Farm, Daxing’anling, Huyuan 165033, P. R. China | 2010 | Chinese Forestry Science and Technology2010，9，1： | 4 |
| 10 | 草鱼人工繁殖中一年多次产卵的生物学基础显示文摘草鱼在人工培育条件下,一年可以进行多次催情产卵。草鱼一年多次产卵的生物学基础主要是: (1)成熟草鱼卵母细胞发育的不完全同步性。由于卵母细胞由第Ⅲ时相过渡到第Ⅳ时相不是完全同步,所以,在第一次催产产空后的卵巢中保留有相当数量第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞,它们经过人工培育一段时间后,能够发育成熟而在第二次催产时产出。(2)第一次催产后保留在卵巢中的第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞向第Ⅳ时相发育的过程中,呈现明显的AKP酶活性反应而没有ACP酶活性反应,表明这些卵母细胞正在进行着旺盛的物质代谢活动,生长发育正常。(3)第一次催产后垂体间叶嗜硷性细胞还有一部份保留着分泌颗粒,表明促性腺激素的分泌活动尚在持续进行,这是第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞能够发育成熟的重要生理因素。 | Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, Sun Yet-senUniversity and Pishculture Farm of Nan-hai County,Guangdong Province | 1978 | 水生生物学集刊1978，6，3： | 3 |
| 11 | Using soil surface gray level to determine surface soil water content显示文摘How to determine surface soil water content(SWC) quickly and accurately is fundamental in studying eco-hydrological processes and their modeling.Here we use laboratory experiments to determine surface SWC using soil surface gray level(SGL) values.A negatively exponential relationship exists between SGL and SWC,i.e.,SGL increases with the decrease of SWC.SGL can be estimated based on initial SGL value(surface gray level when SWC=0),SWC,and a surface roughness coefficient characterized by mean soil particle size.The variation range of SGL was larger than that of SWC,indicating that changes in SWC were enhanced in SGL,and that SGL would thus be sensitive to changes in soil water.At the 95% confidence level,SWC can be determined by using the relationship between SWC and SGL established by the experiments.The determination of SWC has a high precision when SWC was between dry and saturated. | ZHU YuanJun1,2,WANG YunQiang1,2 & SHAO MingAn1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A & F University,Yangling 712100,China 2 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling 712100,China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，10： | 2 |
| 12 | Physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering and leaching of loess soil显示文摘Plant roots have potential impacts on soil mineral weathering and leaching. Our objective is to understand the physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering and leaching of loess soil. Root densities were measured through the method of a large-size dug profile, and transport fluxes of soil elements were determined using an undisturbed monolith soil infiltration device on the hilly and gully regions of the Chinese Loess Plateau. The results show that the improvement effects of soil environment by plant roots are mainly controlled by the density and weight of the fibrous roots with the diameters less than 1 mm. Plant roots have the stronger effects on soil physical properties than chemical properties. The principal components analysis (PCA) indicates that soil physical properties by plant roots account for 56.7% of variations in soil environment whereas soil chemical properties and pH contribute about 24.2% of the soil variations. The roles of plant roots in controlling soil weathering and leaching increased in the following order: infiltration enhancement > increase of bio- active substance > stabilization of soil structure. The effects of plant roots on soil mineral weathering and leaching can be quantified using the multiple regression models with the high prediction accura- cies developed in this study. | LI Yong1,2, ZHANG Qingwen1,2, WAN Guojiang3, HUANG Ronggui3, PIAO Hechun3, BAI Lingyu2 & LI Lu2 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China 2. Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China 3. Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，9： | 2 |
| 13 | The Cross Section of Expected Stock Returns显示文摘 | Farm E F French K R | 1992 | Journal of Finance1992，47，： | 1 |
| 14 | Within-farm variability in resource allocation, nutrient flows and soil fertility status 显示文摘 | Tittonell P Vanlauwe B Leffelaar P A Exploring diversity in soil fertility management of smallholder farms in western Kenya Ⅱ | 2005 | Agric Ecosyst Environ2005，110，324： | 1 |
| 15 | Clinical applica- tions of cone beam computed tomography in dental practice显示文摘 | Scarfe WC Farm an AG Sukovic P | 2006 | J Can Dent Assoc2006，72，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Report of a rapid biodiversity assessment at Cenwanglaoshan Nature Reserve,Northwest Guangxi,China,1999 and 2002显示文摘 | Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden | 2003 | South China Forest Biodiversity Survey Report Series2003，27，： | 1 |
| 17 | Major depression after breast cancer:a review of epidemiology and treatment 显示文摘 | Farm JR Thomas Rich AM Katon WJ | 2008 | Gen Hesp Psychiatry2008，30，2： | 1 |
| 18 | No association of G72 and D-amino acid oxidase genes with schizophrenia 显示文摘 | Liu YL Farm CS Liu CM | 2006 | Schizophr Res2006，87，： | 1 |
| 19 | Transla- tional and orientational order in lead zinc niobate: An optical and Raman study 显示文摘 | A Lebon M E1 Marssi R FarM | 2001 | J Appl Phys2001，89，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Prediction of the final part prop- erties in sheet metal forming by CNC - controlled stretch forming 显示文摘 | Siegert K Rennet A Farm K J | 1997 | Journal of Materials Processing Technology1997，71，1： | 1 |
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