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| 1 | Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and stomach of patients from Northern Brazil显示文摘AIM: To establish whether virulence factor genes vacA and cagA are present in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) retrieved from gastric mucosa and dental plaque in pa-tients with dyspepsia. METHODS: Cumulative dental plaque specimens and gastric biopsies were submitted to histological exami-nation, rapid urease test and polymerase chain reac-tion (PCR) assays to detect the presence of cagA and vacA polymorphisms.RESULTS: Detection of H. pylori from dental plaque and gastric biopsy samples was greater by PCR com-pared to histological examination and the rapid ure-ase test. DNA from H. pylori was detected in 96% of gastric mucosa samples and in 72% of dental plaque samples. Sixty-three (89%) of 71 dental plaque sam-ples that were H. pylori-positive also exhibited identical vacA and cagA genotypes in gastric mucosa. The most common genotype was vacAs1bm1 and cagA positive, either in dental plaque or gastric mucosa. These viru-lent H. pylori isolates were involved in the severity of clinical outcome.CONCLUSION: These pathogenic strains were found simultaneously in dental plaque and gastric mucosa, which suggests that gastric infection is correlated with the presence of H. pylori in the mouth. | Mnica Baraúna Assumpo Luisa Caricio Martins Hivana Patricia Melo Barbosa Katarine Antonia dos Santos Barile Sintia Silva de Almeida Paulo Pimentel Assumpo Tereza Cristina de Oliveira Corvelo | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，24： | 29 |
| 2 | Evaluation of inflammatory activity in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis显示文摘Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis evolve with a relapsing and remitting course.Determination of inflammatory state is crucial for the assessment of disease activity and for tailoring therapy.However,no simple diagnostic test for monitoring intestinal inflammation is available.Noninvasive markers give only indirect assessments of disease activity.Histopathological or endoscopical examinations accurately assess inflammatory activity,but they are invasive,time consuming and expensive and therefore are unsuitable for routine use.Imaging procedures are not applicable for ulcerative colitis.The usefulness of ultrasound and Doppler imag-ing in assessing disease activity is still a matter of discussion for Crohn's disease,and an increased interest in computed tomography enterograph (CTE) has been seen,mainly because it can delineate the extent and severity of bowel wall inflammation,besides detecting extraluminal findings.Until now,the available data concerning the accuracy of magnetic resonance enterography in detecting disease activity is less than CTE.Due to this,clinical activity indices are still commonly used for both diseases. | Eduardo Garcia Vilela Henrique Osvaldo da Gama Torres Fabiana Paiva Martins Maria de Lourdes de Abreu Ferrari Marcella Menezes Andrade Aloísio Sales da Cunha | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，9： | 23 |
| 3 | 限制热量摄入6个月对超重者寿命指标、代谢调节及氧化应激的影响——随机对照试验AuthorAffiliations:PenningtonBiomedicalResearchCenter.LouisianaStateUniversity.BatonRouge;andGarvan.InstituteforMedicalResearch.Dadinghurst,AustraIia(DrHeilbronn).显示文摘背景:长期限制热量摄入可延长啮齿类动物的寿命。但是,尚未有研究观测长期限制人体热量是否会影响其寿命及氧化应激指标,降低代谢率。
目的:在超重但不肥胖(体重指数为25—30)的人群中研究限制热量6个月伴/不伴运动对其产生的影响。
设计、地点及参试者:于2002年3月至2004年8月在位于路易斯安娜州首府巴顿鲁治的研究中心对48名不好动的健康人进行随机对照研究。
干预:参试者在6个月内随机分为4个组:对照组(饮食可维持体重);限制热量组(限制基线所需能量的25%);限制热量+运动组(限制12.5%的热量+运动增加12.5%的能耗);极低热量饮食组(每日摄入890keal,直至体重减少15%,随后采用维持体重的饮食)。
主要观测指标:机体组成;硫酸脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrostemne sulfate,DHEAS)、葡萄糖及胰岛素水平;蛋白羰基化合物;DNA损伤;24小时能耗;核心体温。
结果:6个月时各组体重变化的均值(标准误)为:对照组-1.0%(1.1%);限制热量组-10.4%(0.9%);限制热量+运动组-10.0%(0.8%);极低热量饮食组-13.9%(0.7%)。6个月时,各干预组空腹血糖水平较基线明显降低(P均〈0.01),而DHEAS和葡萄糖水平没有改变。限制热量组及限制热量+运动组核心体温有所下降(P均〈0.05)。对机体组成进行校正后发现,对照组24小时静息能耗无变化,但限制热量组(-135kcal/d[42kcal/d])、限制热量+运动组(-117kcal/d[52kcal/d])和极低热量饮食组(-125kcal/d[35kcal/d])24小时静息能耗有所下降(P均〈0.008)。上述“代谢调节”(超出预计值的-6%)与对照组相比存在显著差异(P〈0.05)。6个月时,各组蛋白羰基化合物的浓度较基线时无变化,而各干预组DNA损伤有所减少(P〈0.005)。
结论:我们的研究结果显示,长期限制热量可降低人类寿命的2种指标(即空腹胰岛素水平和体温)。此外,我们的研究结果还支持下述理论,即限制热量能降低代谢率,且超过缩小代谢面积产生的相应效应。我们尚需开展远期研究来评价限制热量能否延缓人类衰老过程。 | Leonie K. Heibronn Lilian de Jonge Madlyn I. Frisard James P. DeLany D. Enette Larson-Meyer Jennifer Rood Tuong Nguyen Corby K. Martin Julia Volaufova Marlene M. Most Frank L. Greenway Steven R. Smith Walter A. Deutsch Donald A. Williamson Eric Ravussin 顾佳(译) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，5： | 18 |
| 4 | Interleukin-1 and TNF-α polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori in a Brazilian Amazon population显示文摘AIM:To study the association between Interleukin-1(IL-1)and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αpolymorphisms,infection by Helicobacter pylori(H pylori)and the development of gastrointestinal diseases.METHODS:Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 177 patients with various gastrointestinal diseases and from 100 healthy volunteers.The polymorphisms in IL-1βand TNF-αgenes were analyzed using the polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism method(PCRRFLP)and those from IL-1RN with PCR.The presence of infection due to H pylori and the presence of the CagA toxin were detected by serology.The histopathological parameters in the gastric biopsies of the patients were according to the Sydney classification.RESULTS:A comparison of the frequencies of the different polymorphisms studied among the patients and the control group demonstrated that the allele IL1RN*2 was more frequent among patients with gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma.Carriers of the allele ILRN*2 and those with reactive serology for anti-CagA IgG had a greater risk of developing peptic ulcer and gastric adenocarcinoma,as well as a higher degree of inflammation and neutrophilic activity in the gastric mucosa.CONCLUSION:Our results indicate a positive association between IL-1RN gene polymorphism and infection by positive H pylori CagA strains and the development of gastric ulcers and adenocarcinoma. | Hivana Patricia Melo Barbosa Luisa Caricio Martins Sidney Emanuel Batista dos Santos Samia Demachki Mnica Baraúna Assumpo Charliana Damasceno Arago Tereza Cristina de Oliveira Corvelo | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，12： | 17 |
| 5 | 世界腹腔间隙学会腹内高压和腹腔间隙综合征2013版专家共识与诊疗指南显示文摘随着人们对腹内压(intra-abdominal pressure,IAP)的重视,大量研究开始关注腹内高压(intraabdominal hypertension,IAH)和腹腔间隙综合征(abdominal compartment syndrome,ACS).世界腹腔间隙学会(The abdominal compartment society,WSACS)先后在2006年提出了IAH和ACS的专家共识,2007年发表了诊疗指南,2009年明确了疾病相关研究的推荐方向.2013年WSACS发布了新的IAH和ACS专家共识与诊疗指南.该指南由多学科专家共同参与制定,大部分是外科专家和重症监护专家.专家们首先明确24个临床医师关心的IAH和ACS问题,随后进行了系统有序的文献整理. | Andrew W.Kirkpatrick Derek J.Roberts Jan De Waele Roman Jaeschke Manu L.N.G.Malbrain Bart De Keulenaer Juan Duchesne Martin Bjorc Ari Leppaniemi | 2015 | 中华外科杂志2015，53，3： | 15 |
| 6 | Injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by intravenous or intraperitoneal routes is a viable alternative to spinal cord injury treatment in mice显示文摘In spite of advances in surgical care and rehabilitation,the consequences of spinal cord injury(SCI)ar still challenging.Several experimental therapeutic strategies have been studied in the SCI field,and recen advances have led to the development of therapies that may act on the inhibitory microenvironment.As sorted lineages of stem cells are considered a good treatment for SCI.This study investigated the effect o systemic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)in a compressive SCI model.Here we presen results of the intraperitoneal route,which has not been used previously for MSC administration after comveI.WeafC57BL/6nt lmy atb spinal cord compression for 1 minute with a 30-g vascular clip.The animals were divided into five groups DMEM at 7 days after SCI),DMEM i.v.(intravenous injection of 500μL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI)The effects of MSCs transplantation in white matter sparing were analyzed by luxol fast blue staining.Th number of preserved fibers was counted in semithin sections stained with toluidine blue and the presenc of trophic factors was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.In addition,we analyzed the locomotor perfor mance with Basso Mouse Scale and Global Mobility Test.Our results showed white matter preservation and a larger number of preserved fibers in the MSC groups than in the DMEM groups.Furthermore,th MSC groups had higher levels of trophic factors(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,nerve growth factor neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4)in the spinal cord and improved locomotor performance.Our result indicate that injection of MSCs by either intraperitoneal or intravenous routes results in beneficial out comes and can be elected as a choice for SCI treatment. | Bruna dos Santos Ramalho FernANDa Martins de Almeida Conrado Mendonca Sales Silmara de Lima Ana Maria Blanco Martinez | 2018 | Neural Regeneration Research2018，13，6： | 12 |
| 7 | WJSC 6^(th) Anniversary Special Issues(2):Mesenchymal stem cells Neurotrauma and mesenchymal stem cells treatment:From experimental studies to clinical trials显示文摘Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)therapy has attracted the attention of scientists and clinicians around the world.Basic and pre-clinical experimental studies have highlighted the positive effects of MSC treatment after spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury.These effects are believed to be due to their ability to differentiate into other cell lineages,modulate inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses,reduce cell apoptosis,secrete several neurotrophic factors and respond to tissue injury,among others.There are many pre-clinical studies on MSC treatment for spinal cord injury(SCI)and peripheral nerve injuries.However,the same is not true for clinical trials,particularly those concerned with nerve trauma,indicating the necessity of more well-constructed studies showing the benefits that cell therapy can provide for individuals suffering the consequences of nerve lesions.As for clinical trials for SCI treatment the results obtained so far are not as beneficial as those described in experimental studies.For these reasons basic and pre-clinical studies dealing with MSC therapy should emphasize the standardization of protocols that could be translated to the clinical set with consistent and positive outcomes.This review is based on pre-clinical studies and clinical trials available in the literature from 2010 until now.At the time of writing this article there were 43 and 36 pre-clinical and 19 and 1 clinical trials on injured spinal cord and peripheral nerves,respectively. | Ana Maria Blanco Martinez Camila de Oliveira Goulart Bruna dos Santos Ramalho Júlia Teixeira Oliveira Fernanda Martins Almeida | 2014 | World Journal of Stem Cells2014，6，2： | 11 |
| 8 | 这项临床试验完成注册了吗?——国际医学杂志编辑委员会声明显示文摘 | Catherine De Angelis Jeffrey M. Drazen Frank A. Frizelle Charlotte Haug John Hoey Richard Horton Sheldon Kotzin Christine Laine Ana Marusic A. John P.M. Overbeke Torben V.Schroeder Harold C. Sox Martin B. Van Der Weyden 刁骧(译) 孙丁(审校) 秦莉(审校) | 2006 | 中国循证医学杂志2006，6，4： | 11 |
| 9 | Near-infrared fluorescence sentinel lymph node detection in gastric cancer: A pilot study显示文摘AIM: To investigate feasibility and accuracy of nearinfrared fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green: nanocolloid for sentinel lymph node(SLN) detection in gastric cancer.METHODS: A prospective, single-institution, phaseI feasibility trial was conducted. Patients suffering from gastric cancer and planned for gastrectomy were included. During surgery, a subserosal injection of 1.6 m L ICG:Nanocoll was administered around the tumor. NIR fluorescence imaging of the abdominal cavity was performed using the Mini-FLARE? NIR fluorescence imaging system. Lymphatic pathways and SLNs were visualized. Of every detected SLN, the corresponding lymph node station, signal-to-background ratio and histopathological diagnosis was determined. Patients underwent standard-of-care gastrectomy. Detected SLNs outside the standard dissection planes were also resected and evaluated.RESULTS: Twenty-six patients were enrolled. Four patients were excluded because distant metastases were found during surgery or due to technical failure of the injection. In 21 of the remaining 22 patients, at least 1 SLN was detected by NIR Fluorescence imaging(mean 3.1 SLNs; range 1-6). In 8 of the 21 patients, tumor-positive LNs were found. Overall accuracy of the technique was 90%(70%-99%; 95%CI), which decreased by higher p T-stage(100%, 100%, 100%, 90%, 0% for respectively Tx, T1, T2, T3, T4 tumors). All NIR-negative SLNs were completely effaced by tumor. Mean fluorescence signal-to-background ratio of SLNs was 4.4(range 1.4-19.8). In 8 of the 21 patients, SLNs outside the standard resection plane were identified, that contained malignant cells in 2 patients.CONCLUSION: This study shows successful use of ICG:Nanocoll as lymphatic tracer for SLN detection in gastric cancer. Moreover, tumor-containing LNs outside the standard dissection planes were identified. | Quirijn RJG Tummers Leonora SF Boogerd Wobbe O de Steur Floris PR Verbeek Martin C Boonstra Henricus JM Handgraaf John V Frangioni Cornelis JH van de Velde Henk H Hartgrink Alexander L Vahrmeijer | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，13： | 9 |
| 10 | Mitomycin C in pterygium treatment显示文摘Pterygium is a benign lesion usually growing from the nasal side of the conjunctiva onto the cornea.Most cases of pterygium does not cause problem or requires specific treatment.The exact cause of pterygium is not clear yet,but some factors are pointed as causes,being the most important the long-term ultraviolet ray exposure.Pterygium surgery is usually considered when there are symptoms that do not respond to conservative treatment.Recurrence is the main complication of the surgery,and much has been done to avoid it.Mitomycin C(MMC) has been used as a fibroblast proliferation inhibitor during the surgery to reduce the chance of recurrence of the pterygium.This review describes the use of MMC as an adjunctive,the optimal dosage,the duration of administration of MMC and possible complications,when used during,after and before the surgery.Most studies suggest that increased exposure(dose or duration) of MMC is associated with a lower recurrence,but with higher risks of complications. | Thiago Goncalves dos Santos Martins Ana Luiza Fontes de A zevedo Costa Milton Ruiz Alves Roger Chammas Paulo Schor | 2016 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2016，9，3： | 8 |
| 11 | Comparison between endoscopic sphincterotomy vs endoscopic sphincterotomy associated with balloon dilation for removal of bile duct stones:A systematic review and meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials显示文摘AIM To compare gallstones removal rate and incidence of bleeding, pancreatitis, use of mechanical lithotripsy, cholangitis and perforation between isolated sphincterotomy vs sphincterotomy associated with balloon dilation of papilla in choledocholithiasis through the meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. METHODS We conducted a systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines. Literature search was restricted to randomized controlled trials(RCTs) on Med Line, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and EMBASE database platforms in July 2017. The manual search included references of retrieved articles. We extracted data focusing on outcomes: The primary endpoint was the stones removal rate; Secondary endpoints were rates of pancreatitis, bleeding, use of mechanical lithotripsy(ML), perforation and cholangitis. RESULTS Eleven RCTs with 1824 patients were included. EST was associated with more post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) bleeding [FE RD-0.02, CI(-0.03,-0.00), I2 = 33%, P = 0.05] and more need of mechanical lithotripsy in general [RE RD-0.16, CI(-0.25,-0.06), I2 = 90%, P = 0.002] and in subgroup analysis of stones greater than 15 mm [RE RD-0.20, CI(-0.38,-0.02), I2 = 82%, P = 0.003]. Incidence of pancreatitis [FE RD-0.01, CI(-0.03, 0.01), I2 = 0, P = 0.36], cholangitis [FE RD-0.00, CI(-0.01, 0.01), I2 =0, P = 0.97] and perforation [FE RD-0.01, CI(-0.01, 0.00), I2 = 0, P = 0.23] was similar between the groups as well as similar stone removal rates in general [FE RD-0.01, CI(-0.01, 0.04), I2 = 0, P = 0.23] and pooled analysis of stones greater than 15 mm [FE RD-0.02, CI(-0.02, 0.07), I2 = 11%, P = 0.31]. CONCLUSION Through meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials we found that isolated sphincterotomy was associated with more post-ERCP bleeding and more need for mechanical lithotripsy. However, there was no statistical difference in the stone removal rate between isolated sphincterotomy and sphincterotomy associated with balloon dilation in the approach to remove gallstones. | Cesar Capel de Clemente Junior Wanderley Marques Bernardo Tomazo Prince Franzini Gustavo Oliveira Luz Marcos Eduardo Lera dos Santos Jonah Maxwell Cohen Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura Fábio Ramalho Tavares Marinho Martin Coronel Paulo Sakai Eduardo Guimaraes Hourneaux de Moura | 2018 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2018，10，8： | 8 |
| 12 | Therapeutic options for HER-2 positive breast cancer: Perspectives and future directions显示文摘During the last 15 years we have witnessed an unprecedented expansion in the drugs developed to target human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER-2) positive breast cancer. Trastuzumab, pertuzumab, adotrastuzumab emtansine and lapatinib are currently food and drug administration(FDA)-approved for the treatment of breast cancer patients with HER-2 overexpressed. However, given the amount of information gathered from years of uninterrupted clinical research, it is essential to have periodic updates that succinctly recapitulate what we have learnt over these last years and help us to apply that information in our daily practice. This review will pursue that objective. We will summarize the most relevant and updated informationrelated to the state of the art management of HER-2 positive breast cancer in all the clinical scenarios including the adjuvant, neoadjuvant and metastatic settings. But we will also critically appraise that literature in order to highlight some key clinical concepts that should not be overlooked. Lastly, this review will also point out some of the most promising strategies that are currently being tested and may soon become available. | Gonzalo Recondo Jr Enrique Dìaz Canton Màximo de la Vega Martin Greco Gonzalo Recondo Sr Matias E Valsecchi | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，3： | 7 |
| 13 | Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Salt Adaptation in Roots of Contrasting Medicago truncatula Genotypes显示文摘进化差异能被和不同环境的植物的相互作用驾驶。涉及生态的改编到不能生活的限制的分子的底能用 genomic 工具被探索。荚是世界范围的主要庄稼,土壤咸度是在这些植物影响产量的一个主要压力。我们在 Medicago truncatula 荚分析了让对比回答腌应力的二遗传型的根 transcriptome:TN1.11,在咸突尼斯的土壤,和参考 Jemalong A17 遗传型取样了。TN1.11 植物在盐应力以及钠离子的微分累积下面看增加的根生长是否与 A17 相比。Transcriptomic 分析揭示了盐优先地在 TN1.11 的根顶调整的特定的基因簇,尤其是那些与植物生长素小径有关并且到在 histone 变体 isoforms 的变化。编码抄写因素(TF ) 的许多基因也是响应盐在二遗传型之间调整的差别。在为功能的研究选择的那些之中,在大多数差别在遗传型之间调整了的 bHLH 类型 TF 的 A17 遗传型的根的 overexpression 显著地在盐应力下面改进了根生长。尽管有微分 transcriptional 回答的全球复杂性,我们建议这 bHLH TF 表情的增加可以被连接到 M 的改编。truncatula 到盐的土壤环境。 | Ons Zahaf Sandrine Blanchet Axel de Zelicourt Benoit Alunni Julie Plet Carole Laffont Laura de Lorenzo Sandrine Imbeaud Jean-Laurent lchante Anouck Diet Mounawer Badri Ana Zabalza Esther M. Gonzalez Herve Delacroix Veronique Gruber Florian Frugier Martin Crespi | 2012 | Molecular Plant2012，5，5： | 7 |
| 14 | Mechanism of friction reduction of unsaturated fatty acids as additives in diesel fuels显示文摘This paper investigates the effect of unsaturated fatty acid additives on the lubricating properties of a biodiesel,composed of a blend of fatty acid methyl esters(FAMEs)and a conventional diesel fuel.The presence of fatty acids as additives for biodiesel improves their lubricating properties at elevated temperature conditions.The formation of a protective lubricating tribochemical film on the steel contact surfaces has been evidenced.Elevated temperature conditions and possibly oxygen are needed to form this film that reduces friction and limits wear.Several analytical tools have revealed the insulating nature of the formed tribofilm and its chemical properties.Friction-induced reticulation is thought to play a major role in the growth of this insulating film. | Jean Michel MARTIN Christine MATTA Maria-Isabel De Barros BOUCHET Cyrielle FOREST Thierry Le MOGNE Thomas DUBOIS Michael MAZARIN | 2013 | Friction2013，1，3： | 7 |
| 15 | Assessing the inter-annual variability of separation distances around odour sources to protect the residents from odour annoyance显示文摘In recent years, there has been a growing concern about potential impacts on public health and wellbeing due to exposure to environmental odour. Separation distances between odour-emitting sources and residential areas can be calculated using dispersion models, as a means of protecting the neighbourhood from odour annoyance. This study investigates the suitability of using one single year of meteorological input data to calculate reliable direction-dependent separation distances. Accordingly, we assessed and quantified the inter-annual variability of separation distances at two sites with different meteorological conditions, one in Brazil and the other in Austria. A 5-year dataset of hourly meteorological observations was used for each site. Two odour impact criteria set in current regulations were selected to explore their effect on the separation distances. The coefficient of variation was used as a statistical measure to characterise the amount of annual variation. Overall,for all scenarios, the separation distances had a low degree of inter-annual variability(mean coefficient of variation values from 8% to 21%). Reasonable agreements from year to year were therefore observed at the two sites under investigation, showing that one year of meteorological data is a good compromise to achieve reliable accuracy. This finding can provide a more cost-effective solution to calculate separation distances in the vicinity of odour sources. | Marlon Brancher Martin Piringer Davide Franco Paulo Belli Filho Henrique De Melo Lisboa Gunther Schauberger | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，5： | 6 |
| 16 | 基础设施网络整合与跨区域治理——“哈大齐”工业走廊与松花江水污染案例分析显示文摘在全球化和信息化背景下,区域管理正在从传统的都市区(Metropolitan)管理过渡到巨型都市区(Megapolitan)或者城市走廊(City Corridor)的管理。从社会技术系统(Societal-techno System)视角,将区域管理作为一个涉众系统(Multi-actor System)考虑,研究物理系统与社会网络之间的交互作用,通过研究基础设施网络和跨区域治理关系,探索涉众系统情境下的政策制定模型。采用理论分析和案例研究相结合的方法,利用哈大齐工业走廊案例和松花江水污染案例进行了研究。结果发现,基础设施整合具有嵌入性特征;基础设施整合和专业化分工网络的形成,是跨区域治理的基础,所形成的城市网络,其核心功能体现在'分散的集中化'上,以保证有效的基础设施整合、分工网络的形成和提供高级生产者服务;在跨区域治理政策制定中,应该采用自上而下和自下而上组合的基于规则和过程的涉众情境下的政策制定过程,以实现社会、政府和市场之间的均衡。 | 西宝 Martin de Jong | 2007 | 公共管理学报2007，4，4： | 6 |
| 17 | Super-low friction of ta-C coating in presence of oleic acid显示文摘Friction tests have been carried out on bearing steel friction pairs coated with a-C:H and ta-C under lubricated conditions with 1-hexadecene and pure oleic acid,respectively.Main results show that ta-C leads to the super-low regime with oleic acid(friction coefficient below 0.01)and that a-C:H is quite well lubricated by 1-hexadecen.Surface analyses by coupling X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS)have been carried out in the case of oleic acid with ta-C and a-C:H coatings.Results show that tribochemical reactions have occurred.OH groups terminate the ta-C surface whereas a-C:H is covered by a thin tribofilm and is terminated by oleic acid monolayers.The superlow regime in the case of ta-C is mainly attributed to the presence of the OH-termination. | Makoto KANO Jean Michel MARTIN Kentaro YOSHIDA Maria Isabel DE BARROS BOUCHET | 2014 | Friction2014，2，2： | 6 |
| 18 | Multidimensional Projections for Visual Analysis of Social Networks显示文摘Visual analysis of social networks is usually based on graph drawing algorithms and tools.However,social networks are a special kind of graph in the sense that interpretation of displayed relationships is heavily dependent on context.Context,in its turn,is given by attributes associated with graph elements,such as individual nodes,edges,and groups of edges,as well as by the nature of the connections between individuals.In most systems,attributes of individuals and communities are not taken into consideration during graph layout,except to derive weights for force-based placement strategies.This paper proposes a set of novel tools for displaying and exploring social networks based on attribute and connectivity mappings.These properties are employed to layout nodes on the plane via multidimensional projection techniques.For the attribute mapping,we show that node proximity in the layout corresponds to similarity in attribute,leading to easiness in locating similar groups of nodes.The projection based on connectivity yields an initial placement that forgoes force-based or graph analysis algorithm,reaching a meaningful layout in one pass.When a force algorithm is then applied to this initial mapping,the final layout presents better properties than conventional force-based approaches.Numerical evaluations show a number of advantages of pre-mapping points via projections.User evaluation demonstrates that these tools promote ease of manipulation as well as fast identification of concepts and associations which cannot be easily expressed by conventional graph visualization alone.In order to allow better space usage for complex networks,a graph mapping on the surface of a sphere is also implemented. | Rafael Messias Martins Gabriel Faria Andery Henry Heberle Fernando Vieira Paulovich Alneu de Andrade Lopes Helio Pedrini Rosane Minghim | 2012 | Journal of Computer Science & Technology2012，27，4： | 6 |
| 19 | The role of associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy in the management of patients with colorectal liver metastasis显示文摘Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)approach emerged as a promising surgical strategy for rapid and large hypertrophy of the future liver remnant(FLR)when a major liver resection is necessary.Colorectal liver metastasis(CRLM)is their main indication.However,the promising results published so far,are very difficult to interpret since they usually focus on the technique and not on the underlying disease.Moreover,they are usually made up of complex populations,which received different chemotherapy schemes,with the ALPPS technical variations implemented over time and without consistent long-term follow-up results as well.Whereby,its role in CRLM should be analyzed as carefully as possible to indicate and select the best candidates who will benefit the most from this approach.We conducted a computerized search using PubMed and Google Scholar for reports published so far,using mesh headings and keywords related to the ALPPS and CRLM. | Juan Glinka Victoria Ardiles Juan Pekolj Eduardo de Santibañes Martin de Santibañes | 2020 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2020，9，6： | 5 |
| 20 | Esophageal tissue engineering:A new approach for esophageal replacement显示文摘A number of congenital and acquired disorders require esophageal tissue replacement.Various surgical techniques,such as gastric and colonic interposition,are standards of treatment,but frequently complicated by stenosis and other problems.Regenerative medicine approaches facilitate the use of biological constructs to replace or regenerate normal tissue function.We review the literature of esophageal tissue engineering,discuss its implications,compare the methodologies that have been employed and suggest possible directions for the future.Medline,Embase,the Cochrane Library,National Research Register and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched with the following search terms:stem cell and esophagus,esophageal replacement,esophageal tissue engineering,esophageal substitution.Reference lists of papers identified were also examined and experts in this field contacted for further information.All full-text articles in English of all potentially relevant abstracts were reviewed.Tissue engineering has involved acellular scaffolds that were either transplanted with the aim of being repopulated by host cells or seeded prior to transplantation.When acellular scaffolds were used to replace patch and short tubular defects they allowed epithelial and partial muscular migration whereas when employed for long tubular defects the results were poor leading to an increased rate of stenosis and mortality.Stenting has been shown as an effective means to reduce stenotic changes and promote cell migration,whilst omental wrapping to induce vascularization of the construct has an uncertain benefit.Decellularized matrices have been recently suggested as the optimal choice for scaffolds,but smart polymers that will incorporate signalling to promote cell-scaffold interaction may provide a more reproducible and available solution.Results in animal models that have used seeded scaffolds strongly suggest that seeding of both muscle and epithelial cells on scaffolds prior to implantation is a prerequisite for complete esophageal replacement.Novel approaches need to be designed to allow for peristalsis and vascularization in the engineered esophagus.Although esophageal tissue engineering potentially offers a real alternative to conventional treatments for severe esophageal disease,important barriers remain that need to be addressed. | Giorgia Totonelli Panagiotis Maghsoudlou Jonathan M Fishman Giuseppe Orlando Tahera Ansari Paul Sibbons Martin A Birchall Agostino Pierro Simon Eaton Paolo De Coppi | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，47： | 5 |
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