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| 1 | In vivo anti-salmonella activity of aqueous extract of Euphorbia prostrata Aiton(Euphorbiaceae) and its toxicological evaluation显示文摘Objective: To investigate the in vivo anti-salmonella activity and the safety of aqueous extract of Euphorbia prostratra(E. prostratra), a plant commonly used in Cameroon by traditional healers.Methods: A Salmonella typhimurium-infected rat model was used for the study. The physiological, biochemical and histopathological markers of possible side effects of this extract were studied using standard methods.Results: The extract had a significant effect on the number of viable Salmonella typhimurium recovered from faeces, and could stop salmonellosis after 8 and 10 days of treatment for male and female rats, respectively, with non-toxic doses. However, the biochemical and histopathological analyses revealed that at relatively high doses(≥ 73.48 mg/kg for female and ≥ 122.71 mg/kg for male) the extract could induce liver damage, as illustrated by a rise of serum transaminases' levels and significant inflammation of the parenchyma and portal vein.Side effects were also observed on the kidneys, as shown by both serum and urinary creatinine,and urinary proteins.Conclusions: The overall results indicate that the aqueous extract of E. prostrata has the potential to provide an effective treatment for salmonellosis, including typhoid fever. However,it is necessary to extrapolate these results in large animals, in further studies. | Donald Sédric Tala Donatien Gatsing Siméon Pierre Chegaing Fodouop Charles Fokunang Fabrice Kengni Merline Namekong Djimeli | 2015 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 2 | 沿哥伦比亚—厄瓜多尔边界毁林速度和格局变化的卫星检测分析显示文摘本研究使用Landsat卫星数据来论证哥伦比亚—厄瓜多尔部分边界23年间(1973~1996)土地覆被变化的速度和格局。人类定居给这两个国家带来了大量毁林。变化的卫星检测分析表明,边界哥伦比亚一侧年毁林速度相对高得多。另外,哥伦比亚一侧森林覆被在研究期间几乎损失了43%,而在厄瓜多尔一侧只损失了22%。研究发现,在边界的任何一侧,都不存在单一的毁林驱动因素;但得出结论:哥伦比亚一侧的毁林速度高可能是由于定居压力高、非法古柯种植加剧。卫星图像证明,在厄瓜多尔一侧,毁林格局反映出与石油勘探和开发有关的道路网络。 | Andrés Via Fernando R.Echavarria Donald C.Rundquist 王胜 | 2004 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2004，33，3： | 3 |
| 3 | 基于自适应光学的视网膜单细胞光学相干层析成像技术显示文摘 | 屈军乐 Ravi S JONNAL Karen E THORN Donald T MILLER | 2004 | 生物物理学报2004，20，2： | 3 |
| 4 | Minimally invasive versus open oesophagectomy for patients with oesophageal cancer: a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Surya SAY Biere Mark I van Berge Henegouwen Kirsten W Maas Luigi Bonavina Camiel Rosman Josep Roig Garcia Suzanne S Gisbertz Jean HG Klinkenbijl Markus W Hollmann Elly SM de Lange H Jaap Bonjer Donald L van der Peet Miguel A Cuesta | 2012 | The Lancet . 2012 (9829)2012，，： | 3 |
| 5 | Mosquito larvicidal properties of Orthosiphon thymiflorus(Roth)Sleesen.(Family:Labiatae)against mosquito vectors,Anopheles stephensi,Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti(Diptera:Culicidae)显示文摘Objective:To determine the mosquito larvicidal activities of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol leaf extract of Orthosiphon thymiflorus(O.thymiflorus) against Anopheles stephensi(An.stephensi),Culex quinquefasciatus(Cx.quinquefasciatus) and Aedes aegypti (Ae.aegypti).Methods:The larvicidal activity was assayed against three mosquito species at various concentrations ranging from(50-450 ppm) under the laboratory conditions.The LC50 and LC90value of the O.thymiflorus leaf extract was determined by Probit analysis.Results:The LC50 values of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,acetone and methanol extract of O.thymiflorus third instar larvae of An.stephensi were LC50= 201.39,178.76,158.06,139.22 and 118.74 ppm; Cx.quinquefasciatus were LC50=228.13,209.72.183.35,163.55 and 149.96 ppm and Ae.aegypti were LC50=215.65,197.91,175.05,154.80 and 137.26 ppm,respectively.Maximum larvicidal activity was observed in the methanolic extract followed by acetone,ethyl acetate chloroform and hexane extract.The larval mortality was observed after 24 h exposure.No mortality was observed in control.Conclusions:The present results suggest that the effective plant crude extracts have potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquito vectors.This study provides the first report on the larvicidal activity of this plant crude solvent extract of against An.stephensi,Cx.quinquefasciatus and Ae.aegypti mosquitoes. | K Kovendan K Murugan S Vincent Donald R Barnard | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，4： | 2 |
| 6 | A Model and Methodology for Hardware-software Codesign显示文摘 | Donald E T Jay K A Herman S | 1993 | IEEE Design & Test of Computers1993，10，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Development of an educational cartoon to prevent worm infections in Chinese schoolchildren显示文摘Background:With more than two billion people infected worldwide,soil-transmitted helminths(STH)are the most widespread infections.To date,STH control efforts rely predominantly on recurrent mass drug administration(MDA),which does not prevent reinfection.Additional public health measures including novel health educational tools are required for more sustained integrated control of STH.We describe the development of an educational cartoon video(The Magic Glasses)targeting STH infections in Chinese schoolchildren and its pilot testing in China.We applied an extensive community-based mixed methods approach involving input from the target group of 9–10 year old schoolchildren and key informants,such as teachers,doctors and parents,in order to identify potential STH infection risks in the study area and to formulate key messages for the cartoon.The development of the educational cartoon included three major steps:formative research,production,and pilot testing and revision.Results:We found that most adults and approximately 50%of the schoolchildren were aware of roundworm(Ascaris)infection,but knowledge of transmission,prevention and treatment of STH was poor.Observations in the study area showed that unhygienic food practices,such as eating raw and unwashed fruit or playing in vegetable gardens previously fertilised with human faeces,posed major STH infection risks.Conclusions:It was crucial to assess the intellectual,emotional,social and cultural background of the target population prior to video production in order to integrate the key messages of the cartoon into everyday situations.Overall,our strategy for the development of the cartoon and its incorporation into a health education package proved successful,and we provide a summary of recommendations for the development of future educational videos based on our experiences in China. | Franziska A Bieri Li-Ping Yuan Yue-Sheng Li Yong-Kang He Andrew Bedford Robert S Li Feng-Ying Guo Sheng-Ming Li Gail M Williams Donald P McManus Giovanna Raso Darren J Gray | 2013 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2013，2，1： | 2 |
| 8 | 2009年南极冰穹A的双色天光背景统计和分析显示文摘天光背景是天文台址的一个重要指标。利用2009年位于南极冰穹A的CSTAR望远镜两个波段的观测数据,对南极冰穹A的天光背景进行了统计和分析。结果表明约74%的g波段天光背景的ADU值小于每像素100/s;90.5%的r波段的天光背景的ADU值小于每像素100/s。在不考虑大气消光的情况下,定标后的结果为2009年冰穹A的观测数据中天光背景亮度的中值:g波段为19.9 mag/arcsec2,r波段为20.1 mag/arcsec2。 | 宗伟凯 付建宁 牛家树 Ashley Michael C B 宫雪非 Lawrence J S 刘强 Luong-Van Daniel Pennypacker C R Storey John W V 王灵芝 王力帆 杨惠根 袁祥岩 York Donald G 朱镇熹 | 2014 | 天文研究与技术2014，11，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Blood classical monocytes phenotype is not altered in primary non-small cell lung cancer显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the M1 and M2 monocyte phenotype in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) compared to controls. Also, to examine the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in plasma of NSCLC vs controls. METHODS: Freshly prepared peripheral blood mononuclear cells samples were obtained from patients with NSCLC(lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell lung carcinoma) and from non-cancer controls. Flow cytometry was performed to investigate M1 and M2 phenotypes in peripheral monocytes(classical monocytes CD14+, CD45+ and CD16-) using conventional surface markers. Th1 and Th2 cytokine production was alsoanalysed in the plasma using cytometric bead array technique. RESULTS: There were no significant difference in expression of M1(HLA-DR) and/or M2 markers(CD163 and CD36) markers on classical monocytes in patients with NSCLC compared to non-cancer controls. Expression of CD11 b, CD11 c, CD71 and CD44 was also shown to be similar in patients with NSCLC compared to noncancer controls. Th1 and Th2 cytokines [interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12(p70), tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, TNF-β, and interferon-γ] analysis revealed no significant difference between patients with NSCLC and non-cancer controls. CONCLUSION: This study shows no alteration in peripheral monocyte phenotype in circulating classical monocytes in patients with NSCLC compared to noncancer controls. No difference in Th1 and Th2 cytokine levels were noted in the plasma of these patients. | Saleh A Almatroodi Christine F Mc Donald Allison L Collins I an A Darby Dodie S Pouniotis | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 2 |
| 10 | The effect of correction of mild anemia in severe, resistant congestive heart failure using subcutaneous erythropoietin and intravenous iron: a randomized controlled study显示文摘 | Donald S Silverberg Dov Wexler David Sheps Miriam Blum Gad Keren Ron Baruch Doron Schwartz Tatyana Yachnin Shoshana Steinbruch Itzhak Shapira Shlomo Laniado Adrian Iaina | 2001 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2001，，7： | 2 |
| 11 | Gray-scale masks for diffractive-optics fabrication:Ⅱ Spatially filtered halftone screens 显示文摘 | DONALD C O WILLIE S R | 1995 | Appl Opt1995，34，32： | 2 |
| 12 | Human ICE/CED-3 Protease Nomenclature显示文摘 | Emad S Alnemri David J Livingston Donald W Nicholson Guy Salvesen Nancy A Thornberry Winnie W Wong Junying Yuan | 1996 | Cell1996，，2： | 2 |
| 13 | Effect of wood species on property and weathering performance of wood plastic composites显示文摘 | James S Fabiyi Armando G Mc Donald | 2010 | Composites Part A2010，41，： | 1 |
| 14 | Cancer-specific loss of hu- man beta-defensin-1 in human renal and prostatic carcinomas显示文摘 | Donald C D Sun S Q Lim S D | 2003 | Lab Invest2003，83，： | 1 |
| 15 | Accelerated Amyloid Deposition in the Brains of Transgenic Mice Coexpressing Mutant Presenilin 1 and Amyloid Precursor Proteins显示文摘 | David R Borchelt Tamara Ratovitski Judy van Lare Michael K Lee Vicki Gonzales Nancy A Jenkins Neal G Copeland Donald L Price Sangram S Sisodia | 1997 | Neuron1997，，4： | 1 |
| 16 | The role of blinded interviews in the assessment of surgical residency candidates显示文摘 | William S Miles Victor Shaw Donald Risucci | 2001 | The American Journal of Surgery2001，，2： | 1 |
| 17 | De- termination of undegradable intake protein digestibility of forages using the mobile nylon bag technique 显示文摘 | HAUGEN H L IVAN S K MAC DONALD J C | 2006 | J Anita Sci2006，84，： | 1 |
| 18 | Harmonic diffractive lenses 显示文摘 | DONALD W S GARY E S | 1995 | Appl Opt1995，34，： | 1 |
| 19 | The role of venography and surgery in the management of patients with superior vena cava obstruction显示文摘 | William S Donald BD | 1986 | Ann Thorac Surg1986，41，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis infections: forging control efforts显示文摘 | Lorenzo S Sally S Donald APB | 2002 | Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2002，96，： | 1 |
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