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| 1 | Rheumatic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘This article reviews the literature concerning rheu-matic manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),including common immune-mediated pathways,frequency,clinical course and therapy. Musculoskel-etal complications are frequent and well-recognized manifestations in IBD,and affect up to 33% of pa-tients with IBD. The strong link between the bowel and the osteo-articular system is suggested by many clinical and experimental observations,notably in HLA-B27 transgenic rats. The autoimmune pathogenic mechanisms shared by IBD and spondyloarthropathies include genetic susceptibility to abnormal antigen pre-sentation,aberrant recognition of self,the presence of autoantibodies against specific antigens shared by the colon and other extra-colonic tissues,and increased intestinal permeability. The response against microor-ganisms may have an important role through molecular mimicry and other mechanisms. Rheumatic mani-festations of IBD have been divided into peripheral arthritis,and axial involvement,including sacroiliitis,with or without spondylitis,similar to idiopathic anky-losing spondylitis. Other periarticular features can oc-cur,including enthesopathy,tendonitis,clubbing,peri-ostitis,and granulomatous lesions of joints and bones.Osteoporosis and osteomalacia secondary to IBD and iatrogenic complications can also occur. The manage-ment of the rheumatic manifestations of IBD consists of physical therapy in combination with local injection of corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; caution is in order however,because of their possible harmful effects on intestinal integrity,perme-ability,and even on gut inflammation. Sulfasalazine,methotrexate,azathioprine,cyclosporine and lefluno-mide should be used for selected indications. In some cases,tumor necrosis factor-α blocking agents should be considered as first-line therapy. | Tatiana Sofía Rodríguez-Reyna Cynthia Martínez-Reyes Jesús Kazúo Yamamoto-Furusho | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，44： | 11 |
| 2 | Multi-scale phylogenetic structure in coastal dune plant communities across the globe显示文摘Aims Studies integrating phylogenetic history and large-scale community assembly are few,and many questions remain unanswered.Here,we use a global coastal dune plant data set to uncover the important factors in community assembly across scales from the local filtering processes to the global long-term diversification and dispersal dynamics.Coastal dune plant communities occur worldwide under a wide range of climatic and geologic conditions as well as in all biogeographic regions.However,global patterns in the phylogenetic composition of coastal dune plant communities have not previously been studied.Methods The data set comprised vegetation data from 18463 plots in New Zealand,South Africa,South America,North America and Europe.The phylogenetic tree comprised 2241 plant species from 149 families.We calculated phylogenetic clustering(Net Relatedness Index,NRI,and Nearest Taxon Index,NTI)of regional dune floras to estimate the amount of in situ diversification relative to the global dune species pool and evaluated the relative importance of land and climate barriers for these diversification patterns by geographic analyses of phylogenetic similarity.We then tested whether dune plant communities exhibit similar patterns of phylogenetic structure within regions.Finally,we calculated NRI for local communities relative to the regional species pool and tested for an association with functional traits(plant height and seed mass)thought to vary along sea–inland gradients.Important Findings Regional species pools were phylogenetically clustered relative to the global pool,indicating regional diversification.NTI showed stronger clustering than NRI pointing to the importance of especially recent diversifications within regions.The species pools grouped phylogenetically into two clusters on either side of the tropics suggesting greater dispersal rates within hemispheres than between hemispheres.Local NRI plot values confirmed that most communities were also phylogenetically clustered within regions.NRI values decreased with increasing plant height and seed mass,indicating greater phylogenetic clustering in communities with short maximum height and good dispersers prone to wind and tidal disturbance as well as salt spray,consistent with environmental filtering along sea–inland gradients.Height and seed mass both showed significant phylogenetic signal,and NRI tended to correlate negatively with both at the plot level.Low NRI plots tended to represent coastal scrub and forest,whereas high NRI plots tended to represent herb-dominated vegetation.We conclude that regional diversification processes play a role in dune plant community assembly,with convergence in local phylogenetic community structure and local variation in community structure probably reflecting consistent coastal-inland gradients.Our study contributes to a better understanding of the globally distributed dynamic coastal ecosystems and the structuring factors working on dune plant communities across spatial scales and regions. | Ane Kirstine Brunbjerg Jeannine Cavender-Bares Wolf L.Eiserhardt Rasmus Ejrnæs Lonnie W.Aarssen Hannah L.Buckley Estelle Forey Florian Jansen Jens Kattge Cynthia Lane Roy A.Lubke Angela T.Moles Ana Laura Monserrat Robert K.Peet Julissa Roncal Louise Wootton Jens-Christian Svenning | 2014 | Journal of Plant Ecology2014，7，2： | 9 |
| 3 | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography for pediatric choledocholithiasis: Assessing the need for endoscopic intervention显示文摘AIM:To assess pediatric patients for choledocholithiasis.We applied current adult guidelines to identify predictivefactors in children.METHODS:A single-center retrospective analysis was performed at a tertiary children's hospital.We evaluated 44 consecutive pediatric patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(ERCP) for suspected choledocholithiasis.Patients were stratified into those with common bile duct stones(CBDS) at ERCP vs those that did not using the American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy(ASGE) guidelines(Very Strong and Strong criteria) for suspected CBDS.RESULTS:CBDS were identified in 84% at the time of ERCP.Abdominal ultrasound identified CBDS in 36% of patients.Conjugated bilirubin ≥ 0.5 mg/d L was an independent risk factor for CBDS(P = 0.003).The Very Strong(59.5%) and Strong(48.6%) ASGE criteria identified the majority of patients(P = 0.0001).A modified score using conjugated bilirubin had a higher sensitivity(81.2% vs 59.5%) and more likely to identify a stone than the standard criteria,odds ratio of 25.7 compared to 8.8.Alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase values identified significant differences in a subset of patients with odds ratio of 4.1 and 3.25,respectively.CONCLUSION:Current adult guidelines identified the majority of pediatric patients with CBDS,but specific pediatric guidelines may improve detection,thus decreasing risks and unnecessary procedures. | Douglas S Fishman Bruno P Chumpitazi Isaac Raijman Cynthia Man-Wai Tsai E O’Brian Smith Mark V Mazziotti Mark A Gilger | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2016，8，11： | 6 |
| 4 | First performance evaluation of a dual-source CT (DSCT) system显示文摘 | Thomas G. Flohr Cynthia H. McCollough Herbert Bruder Martin Petersilka Klaus Gruber Christoph Sü? Michael Grasruck Karl Stierstorfer Bernhard Krauss Rainer Raupach Andrew N. Primak Axel Küttner Stefan Achenbach Christoph Becker Andreas Kopp Bernd M. Ohnes | 2006 | European Radiology2006，，6： | 3 |
| 5 | Intracostal sutures decrease the pain of thoracotomy显示文摘 | Robert J Cerfolio Theolynn N Price Ayesha S Bryant Cynthia Sale Bass Alfred A Bartolucci | 2003 | The Annals of Thoracic Surgery2003，，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Characterization Tests for Mineral Fillers Related to Performance of Asphalt Paving Mixtures显示文摘 | Prithvi S K Cynthia Y L Frazier P J | 1998 | NAPA Report1998，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Understanding adipocyte differentiation显示文摘 | Francine MG Cynthia MS Hei S | 1998 | Physiol Rev1998，78，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Maturation of the embryo, endosperm, and fruit of the dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium americanum (Viscaceae) 显示文摘 | Cynthia M Ross F Michael J S | 2009 | J Plant Sci2009，170，3： | 1 |
| 9 | The efficacy of spinosad againstthe western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, and its impact on associated biological control agents on greenhouse cucumbers in southern Ontario显示文摘 | Terri J Cynthia S D Ron H | 2005 | Pest Management Science2005，61，： | 1 |
| 10 | Service consumption criticality in failure recovery显示文摘 | Cynthia W Sundaram D S | 1998 | Journal of Business Research1998，41，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Assessing the performance of biological filtration as pretreatment to low pressure membranes for drinking water显示文摘 | Cynthia H Huck P M Peldszus S | 2009 | Environ Sci Technol2009，43，10： | 1 |
| 12 | First performance evaluation of a dual-source CT (DSCT) system显示文摘 | Thomas G. Flohr Cynthia H. McCollough Herbert Bruder Martin Petersilka Klaus Gruber Christoph Süβ Michael Grasruck Karl Stierstorfer Bernhard Krauss Rainer Raupach Andrew N. Primak Axel Küttner Stefan Achenbach Christoph Becker Andreas Kopp Bernd M. Ohnes | 2006 | European Radiology2006，，2： | 1 |
| 13 | The role of brand familiarity on the ira-pact of word -of-mouth communication on brand evaluations 显示文摘 | Sundaram D S Cynthia W | 1999 | Advances in Consumer Research1999，26，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Behavioral Interventions to Address Sleep Disturbances in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders:A Review 显示文摘 | Kylan S T Cynthia R J | 2013 | Topics in Early Childhood Special Education2013，33，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Strategic human resource management:The evolution of the field显示文摘 | Mark L Lengnick-Hall Cynthia A Lengnick-Hall Leticia S Andrade | 2009 | Human Resource Management Review2009，19，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Clinicians' Attitudes to Clinical Practice Guidelines: a systematic review显示文摘 | Emma W K Jean R S | 2002 | MJA2002，177，9： | 1 |
| 17 | A sound type system for secure flow analysis显示文摘 | Volpano D Geoffrey S Irvine Cynthia | 1996 | Journal of Computer Security1996，4，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Using diatoms to assess the biological condition of large rivers in Idaho (USA)显示文摘 | Leska S F Cynthia G | 2002 | Freshwater Biology2002，47，： | 1 |
| 19 | A quantification of short-term macroaggregate dynamics: influences of wheat residue input and texture显示文摘 | STEVEN D G JOHAN S CYNTHIA B | 2005 | Soil Biology & Biochemistry2005，37，： | 1 |
| 20 | Medication-taking beliefs of adult renal transplant recipients显示文摘 | Cynthia L Erin K Vicki S | 2003 | Clinical Nurse Specialist2003，17，4： | 1 |
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